RU2407080C1 - Gravitational separating tank for separation of mixture of disperse phases (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: device includes housing with parallel upper and lower walls installed at an angle to horizon, which have been chosen from condition of laminar motion of separated heavy phase along lower wall. Housing has inlet for the separated mixture of disperse phases and in lower part the outlet for separation of heavy phase, as well as outlet in upper part for clarified solution and outlet for separated light phase located above it. Housing is equipped with distributing partitions partially covering the cross section of the housing and located at the beginning and at the end of distribution zone of phases between input for separated mixture and output for clarified solution, which divide it into accumulation zone of separated light phase, located in upper part of housing, accumulation zone of separated heavy phase - in its lower part, and clarification zone located between two above zones. Device has at least one plate located parallel to lower wall.

EFFECT: ensuring nuclear safety, increasing the depth of separation of phases, possibility of simultaneous separation up to three phases and creation of any clarification zone, and simple and versatile design of the device.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of nuclear fuel production and can be used to separate emulsion-suspension systems in order to obtain pure salts and oxides of nuclear-active chemical elements.

The prior art device for separating suspensions containing nuclear active substances, which contains a housing with chambers for receiving the suspension, a device for introducing a suspension, a filter element and a device for removing sediment (SU 1010745 A1, B01D 25/38, 02.20.1995) .

The disadvantages of the known device are limitations on nuclear safety, low speed of phase separation, the inability to simultaneously separate the three phases, the complexity of the design.

The technical task of the claimed solution is to create a device that allows for deep separation of up to three phases in emulsion-suspension systems containing nuclear-active materials.

The technical result provided by the solution of the aforementioned problem is to ensure nuclear safety, increase the depth of phase separation, the possibility of simultaneous separation of up to three phases, as well as the simplicity and universality of the device design for various emulsion-suspension systems.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the gravity settler for separating a mixture of dispersed phases contains a housing with parallel upper and lower walls installed at an angle to the horizon, selected from the condition of laminar motion of the separated heavy phase along the lower wall, the housing has an input for a shared mixture of dispersed phases and in the lower part, an outlet for separating the heavy phase, as well as an outlet in the upper part for the clarified solution and an outlet located above it for the separated light phase.

In addition, the technical result is achieved due to the fact that:

- to separate a mixture of dispersed phases containing a nuclear-active material, the distance between the upper and lower walls is selected from the condition of nuclear safety;

- the sump can be equipped with distribution baffles partially overlapping the cross section of the housing and located at the beginning and at the end of the phase distribution zone between the input for the mixture to be separated and the output for the clarified solution;

- the sump may be provided with at least one plate located parallel to the bottom wall;

- the sump is equipped with distribution baffles located in the gaps between the plate and the body, and if there is more than one plate, between the plates and the body and between the plates themselves, which are located at the beginning and at the end of the phase distribution zone between the input for the mixture to be separated and the output for the clarified solution , and partially overlapping the cross section of the respective spaces.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 schematically shows a device, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is a view of E in figure 1; figure 3 is a view with sections BB and BB in figure 2; figure 4 (a, b) - sections GD and DD in figure 1, respectively.

The gravity settler for separating a mixture of dispersed phases contains a housing 1 with parallel upper and lower walls 2 and 3, respectively, the distance between which H is selected from the nuclear safety condition of the device and provides a safe layer thickness of the separated mixture of dispersed phases containing nuclear material. The upper wall 2 of the housing 1 has an input 4 for a shared mixture of dispersed phases, made in the form of a pipeline. Case 1 is installed at an angle to the horizon (usually within 30-60 °), selected from the condition of laminar motion of the detachable heavy phase along the lower wall 3, while terminal 5 is located in the lower part of the housing 1 to separate the heavy phase, and in the upper, its lateral sides - terminal 6 for the clarified solution and terminal 7 located above it for the separated light phase. In addition, the housing 1 is equipped with pockets 8 and 9 for receiving respectively the clarified solution and the separated light phase located in the corresponding zones of the terminals 6 and 7 of these phases, while terminal 7 for the separated light phase in the form of an overflow level is set 3-5 mm higher level of overflow of the clarified solution.

The housing 1 is equipped with distribution baffles 10 installed, partially overlapping its cross section located at the beginning and at the end of the phase separation zone between the inlet 4 for the mixture to be separated and the outlet 6 for the clarified solution and thus dividing the cavity of the housing 1 into three zones: accumulation zone 11 the light phase located in the upper part of the housing 1, the zone 12 of accumulation of the heavy phase in its lower part, and the settling zone 13 located between the two zones 11 and 12. The housing 1 in its lower part in the region of the zone 12 tapering from the sides to the side of terminal 5 to separate the heavy phase. Conclusions 5, 6 and 7 for the separated phases can be equipped with a valve 14 and / or a water lock 15, 16.

The width (a) and length (b) of the housing 1 is selected based on the required effective sedimentation surface area, which is defined as the quotient of dividing the productivity by the phase mixture (m ³ / h) by the phase separation rate (m / h) in the dispersed system.

In addition, to increase the area of sedimentation in the device can be installed at least one additional plate (not shown) parallel to the bottom wall 3 and equipped with its distribution baffles 10 located in the gaps between the plate and the housing, and in the presence of more than one plate - between plates and the body and between the plates themselves, which are located at the beginning and at the end of the phase distribution zone between the input 4 for the mixture to be separated and the output 6 for the clarified solution and partially overlap Noe section corresponding intervals. In this case, the area of sedimentation will be equal to a · b · (n + 1), where n is the number of additional planes of sedimentation.

The device operates as follows. Through input 4, a separable mixture of dispersed phases containing a nuclear active substance is fed into the housing 1 of the device. Distribution partitions 10 allow for uniform laminar movement of the mixture along the settling plane, located at a given angle of inclination to the horizon. In zone 13, the mixture is directly separated into a clarified solution, a heavy and a light phase. The thickened separated heavy phase accumulates in the narrowed zone 12, from where it is discharged through terminal 5 by means of a valve 14 or through an adjustable water trap 15. The clarified solution, as it accumulates, goes through the overflow level to the receiving pocket 8, from where it is sent for processing. The separated light phase emerges and accumulates in the upper part of the housing in zone 11, from where it enters the receiving pocket 9 for this phase.

Thus, the proposed device design provides the possibility of deep separation up to three phases, as well as nuclear safety and versatility for various emulsion-suspension systems.

Claims (2)

1. Gravity settler for separating a mixture of dispersed phases, containing a housing with parallel upper and lower walls installed at an angle to the horizon, selected from the condition of laminar motion of the separated heavy phase along the lower wall, the housing has an input for a shared mixture of dispersed phases and the bottom of the output for separation of the heavy phase, as well as the outlet at the top for the clarified solution and the outlet located above it for the separated light phase, while it is equipped with distribution partitions, partially overlapping yuschimi cross section of the housing and arranged at the beginning and end of the phase distribution zone between the inlet for mixture to be separated and outlet for the clarified solution. 2. Gravity settler for separating a mixture of dispersed phases, comprising a housing with parallel upper and lower walls installed at an angle to the horizon, selected from the condition of laminar motion of the separated heavy phase along the lower wall, at least one plate located parallel to the lower wall, the housing has an input for the separated mixture of dispersed phases and in the lower part an output for separating the heavy phase, and an output in the upper part for the clarified solution and an outlet located above it for the separated light phase, p Moreover, it is equipped with distribution baffles located in the gaps between the plate and the body, and if there is more than one plate, between the plates and the body and between the plates themselves, which are located at the beginning and at the end of the phase distribution zone between the input for the mixture to be separated and the output for the clarified solution and partially overlap the cross section of the corresponding gaps.

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