RU2406191C1 - Electrical discharge acoustic generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: electrical discharge acoustic generator is referred to acoustics and hydroacoustics and represented with an integrated system of intense pulse acoustic fields generation by means of spark discharges in air and water media. The generator includes power supply source, pulse shaping unit with charger, capacitor-type energy accumulator and switching unit. The generator also includes electrode emitting system containing phased antennae array. The phased antennae array is consists of tube-type emitter of directed action, which is joined with electrodes being installed so that emission can be directed to the target. The electrodes are made of dielectric or metal. In addition, the pulse shaping unit includes extra stand-alone capacitor-type energy accumulators and switching units combined with their actuation synchronisation system. The generator contains automated control and operation programming system. Additionally, the generator may contain emitter charge actuation system represented as one of the following systems: high-voltage electrode system on the discharge sliding on dielectric surface, which is connected to the discharge side of emitter area; system of electrically exploding conductors, solid or metallised dielectric supply to discharge area; system of viscous or conductive emitters supply to the discharge area, air or other gases supply system to the discharge area; plasma sprays injection system to discharge area.

EFFECT: expanded application due to possibility of operation in various environment and increased effect owing to directed action emission and focusing.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of acoustics and hydroacoustics and is a comprehensive system for generating powerful acoustic fields using spark electric discharges in air and water.

Known pulsed emitter of acoustic signals generated in water and air ("Broadband pulsed emitter of directional action", RF patent No. 2099831, publication of the description 12/20/1997). The emitter converts the energy of a pulsed electric discharge into the energy of acoustic waves and is a chain of series-connected pairs of electrodes, spark gaps between which are spatially located at the nodes of the antenna array.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- low efficiency in seawater;

- lack of directivity of a single radiating element;

- the lack of focusing of acoustic waves in a given area.

The closest analogue to the invention according to the technical essence and the technical result achieved is an electric-discharge acoustic generator ("Means of active protection of water areas", patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 3391, publication of the description on October 20, 2003), this design is selected as a prototype. The utility model relates to the field of devices for stunning living organisms and can be used in physical protection systems of various objects.

Known electrical discharge acoustic generator contains the following elements:

- source of electricity;

- a pulse forming unit including a charger, a capacitor energy storage device, a switch;

- cable line;

- electrode emitting system.

A pulsed spark electric discharge is created between the electrodes of the radiating system, as a result of which an electro-hydraulic shock is formed in water and, as a result, acoustic radiation.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- low efficiency in sea water and air;

- lack of directivity of a single radiating element;

- the lack of focusing of acoustic waves in a given area;

- the lack of the ability to implement programmable modes of acoustic exposure.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to expand the functionality of the use of an electric-discharge acoustic generator by providing the possibility of its operation in various environments (including sea water and in air) and increasing the impact on the target by creating directivity and focusing radiation, as well as by providing programmable exposure modes.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in an electric-discharge acoustic generator including an electric power source, a pulse generating unit with a charger, a capacitor energy storage device, a switch and an electrode emitting system connected to it via a cable line, the electrode emitting system contains a phased antenna array consisting of from tubular emitters of directional action combined with electrodes installed with the possibility of directing radiation to the target and made of dielectric material or metal; at the same time, the pulse forming unit contains additional autonomous capacitor energy storage devices and switches with a synchronization system for their operation, and the generator contains an automated control system and programming of its operation modes.

The generator may further comprise a system for forcing an electric discharge of emitters, which is one of the following systems: a high-voltage electrode system on a discharge moving across the surface of the dielectric, included in the discharge region of the emitters; a system for supplying electrically exploding conductors, solid or metallized dielectrics to the discharge region of emitters; a system of injection into the discharge region of emitters of viscous or conductive liquids, a system of injection into the discharge region of emitters of air and other gases; a system for injecting plasma jets into the discharge region.

The presence of a phased antenna array allows you to focus the acoustic field in a given area and create spatially distributed barriers of active physical protection of objects.

Directional tubular emitters installed with the possibility of directing radiation to the target and combined with electrodes supplement the above-mentioned properties of the phased array by increasing the concentration of acoustic radiation in a given direction.

The choice of the material of the tube emitters, the material and design of the electrodes, as well as, if necessary, the method of forced initiation of the electric discharge of the emitters is related to the conditions of the specific application of the generator: air, sea or river water. Depending on certain conditions, steel of various grades and various types of fiberglass can be used as the material of the tube emitters. Electrode systems can be executed in single and multi-gap versions, have a linear and coaxial configuration.

Additional autonomous capacitor energy storage devices and switches with a synchronization system for their operation, as well as an automated control system and programming the operating modes of the generator provide the properties of a phased array to focus radiation in a given area and allow programmable modes of action on the object.

The system of forced initiation of an electric discharge of emitters is used to increase the efficiency of impact on an object in the presence of certain conditions that impede the development of a spark discharge (discharge in sea water, discharge into relatively long spark gaps, etc.), by increasing the overall efficiency and stability generator work. Possible variants of the forced initiation system are indicated above.

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of the inventive device without a system of forced initiation of an electric discharge of emitters; figure 2 is a structural diagram of the inventive device, including this system, where 1 is a source of electrical energy; 2 - a pulse forming unit including a charger, a capacitor energy storage device, a switch; 3 - cable line; 4 - electrode emitting system; 5 - an automated control system and programming the operating modes of the generator; 6 - system of forced initiation of an electric discharge of emitters.

An example of a specific implementation of the claimed device can serve as an electric-discharge acoustic generator designed to operate in air, river and sea water, including: a source of electricity based on a diesel generator; a pulse generating unit comprising a charger, a predetermined number of autonomous capacitor energy storage devices, switching elements based on vacuum arresters and a synchronization system for their operation; connecting cable line with the appropriate number of cables; electrode radiating system based on a flat phased antenna array consisting of directional tubular emitters with an electromechanical guidance system on the target; automated control system and programming of the generator operating modes; system of forced initiation of electric discharges of emitters by forcing air into the discharge region using a compressor for operation in sea water. The tubular emitter includes a steel cylindrical tube that acts as a waveguide and a negative electrode, and a pin positive electrode located inside the tube on its axis (coaxial electrode system). In this case, a separate autonomous capacitor storage serves as a source of pulsed power from one to several tubular emitters, connected electrically in series.

The operation of the generator is as follows. In accordance with the receipt of the corresponding command signals of the control system 5, the forced initiation system 6 is launched and air is pumped into the discharge region of the tubular emitters of the electrode emitting system 4, displacing sea water from the discharge region (in the case of the generator working in air and river water, the need to use the system no forced initiation). When this happens, the guidance of the tubular emitters on the target. The system of autonomous capacitor banks in the pulse forming unit 2 is charged from the electric power source 1 to the required voltage value and discharged through the cable line 3 to the electrode emitting system 4, while providing the necessary duration of operation delay of the emitters forming

phased radiation and providing focusing of individual acoustic signals at the target. When a capacitive storage device is discharged onto the electrode system, an expanding plasma piston is formed, which is additionally accelerated by the electromagnetic field of the discharge current. Thus, the coefficient of conversion of electrical energy into acoustic energy and, as a result, the efficiency of impact on the target increases. The next duty cycle occurs in accordance with a given generator operating mode program.

Thus, the inventive generator allows you to increase the efficiency of exposure to the object by creating directivity, focusing radiation and providing programmable exposure modes. Additionally, when using the invention, the functional possibilities of using an electric-discharge acoustic generator are expanded by providing the possibility of its operation in various environments (in air, river and sea water. The proposed invention can be used as active physical protection of various objects from offenders, terrorists, saboteurs, etc. .p. in air, river and sea water.

Claims (2)

1. An electric-discharge acoustic generator comprising an electric source, an electrically connected pulse generating unit with a charger, a capacitor storage device and a switch, and an electrode emitting system connected to it via a cable line, characterized in that the electrode emitting system contains a phased antenna array consisting of from tubular emitters of directional action combined with electrodes installed with the possibility of directing radiation to the target I and made of dielectric or metal, while the pulse forming unit contains additional autonomous capacitor energy storage devices and switches with a synchronization system for their operation, and the generator contains an automated control system and programming of its operation modes, which is powered by an electric power source and connected to the pulse generating unit and electrode radiating system. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a system for initiating an electric discharge of emitters associated with an electric power source and an automated control system, which is either a high-voltage electrode system on a discharge sliding on the surface of a dielectric located in the discharge region of emitters, either a system for supplying to the discharge region of emitters of electrically exploding wires made of conductors, solid or metallized dielectrics, or a system of injection into the discharge region of emitters of viscous or conductive liquids, or a system of injection into the discharge region of emitters of air and other gases, or an injection system into the discharge region of emitters of plasma jets.

Images