RU2399010C1 - Firearm - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition. ^ SUBSTANCE: firearm comprises breech frame that can accommodate at least one of two barrels for rounds with different-size cartridge cases. Breech frame accommodates spring-loaded sleeve extending beyond bolt face. Sleeve OD coincides with larger cartridge case flange diametre while its ID mates with that is smaller cartridge case flange. Barrel for larger cartridge case round has a stop while smaller cartridge case extractor has mating ledge. With barrel for larger cartridge case round mounted in firearm, barrel stop interacts with smaller cartridge case extractor ledge to turn extractor from barrel bore axis. Extractor hooks are arranged symmetric about the axis passing the centers of holes receiving the striker and cartridge case ejector. ^ EFFECT: improved firing characteristics. ^ 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to small arms, namely to a universal weapon capable of firing various types of cartridges, differing in the size of the cartridges.

Known 7.62 mm Kalashnikov machine gun (PC, PKS, PKB and PKT). It contains a barrel, a receiver, a shutter with a slide frame, etc. The machine gun is equipped with two trunks - the main and additional. For firing from a machine gun used cartridges with ordinary (with a steel core, light mod. 1908 and heavy mod. 1930), tracer and armor-piercing incendiary bullets. All of the above cartridges are assembled using a sleeve of the same size. Continuous fire of up to 500 shots is allowed from a machine gun, after which, if necessary, to continue firing, the heated barrel must be replaced by a spare [1].

In the given analogue, an additional barrel is used to provide the necessary firing intensity for various types of cartridges of the same caliber, assembled in one cartridge case size.

Famous sniper rifle DSR-1, developed in Germany by DSR - Precision GmbH. The rifle was originally developed with the ability to convert to less powerful cartridges by replacing the barrel, bolt and magazines. It is equipped with three interchangeable barrels for cartridges: .308 Win (7.62 × 51 mm), 308 Win Mag. (7.62 × 67 mm) and 338 Lapua Mag. (8.58 × 69 mm). The kit includes interchangeable valves and shops [2].

The disadvantage of the prototype is the need to replace the shutter when installed on a weapon barrel under another cartridge. In addition, in case of breakage or loss of the additional shutter, its replacement requires additional tests to check the strength of the firing locking unit with reinforced cartridges, which is possible only in a specialized enterprise. All this taken together degrades the operational characteristics of the weapon.

The aim of the invention is to improve the operational characteristics of weapons.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in small arms containing a receiver, one of at least two barrels with different sizes of liners, selectively installed in it, a bolt with spring-loaded extractor and reflector liners and an ammunition magazine:

- a spring-loaded sleeve protruding beyond the mirror of the shutter is installed in the bolt, the outer diameter of which is made according to the diameter of the flange of the larger sleeve, and the inner diameter of the diameter of the flange of the smaller sleeve;

- an additional extractor with a hook placed behind the flange of the larger sleeve is fixed on the shutter body;

- on the barrel under the cartridge with a larger sleeve made emphasis in the possibility of interaction with the protrusion on the extractor of the smaller sleeve and rotate it in the direction from the axis of the bore;

- the hooks of the extractors are located symmetrically relative to the axis passing through the centers of the holes for the hammer and the reflector shells. The foregoing is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a small arms mounted on a barrel under a cartridge with a larger sleeve;

- figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of small arms with a barrel mounted on it under a cartridge with a smaller sleeve;

- figure 3 shows a front view of the shutter;

- figure 4 shows a fragment of a longitudinal section of the shutter along the extractor of the larger sleeve (the extractor of the smaller sleeve is rotated in the direction from the axis of the bore);

- figure 5 shows a fragment of a longitudinal section of the shutter at the location of the spring of the sleeve.

The small arms contains a receiver 1, in which the barrel 2 can be selectively mounted under a cartridge with a larger sleeve 3 or the barrel 4 under a cartridge with a smaller sleeve 5. In the shutter 6 there is a spring-loaded 7 sleeve 8 protruding from the shutter mirror. The outer diameter of the sleeve is made according to the diameter of the flange of the larger sleeve, and the inner diameter of the flange of the smaller sleeve. In the shutter window 9, spring-loaded 12 and 13 extractor 14 for the larger sleeve and an extractor 15 for the smaller sleeve are installed on the axes 10 and 11, and a support platform 16 is made on which the counter surface 17 of the extractor of the smaller sleeve rests. The extractor of the larger liner rests on the axis 11. In this position, it is possible to place the extractor hooks behind the flanges of the larger and smaller liners. A protrusion 18 is made on the outer surface of the extractor 15, and a stop 19 is provided on the barrel 2. A spring-loaded reflector 20 of the liners 21 and a firing pin 22 are also installed in the shutter. The extractor hooks are located symmetrically with respect to the axis passing through the centers of the holes for the firing pin 22 and cartridge reflector 21. In the proposed weapon, depending on the types of cartridges used, cartridge magazines with adapters or inserts can be used to change the size or types of cartridges or several magazines separately for each dy cartridge.

Depending on the tactical task, the type of cartridge needed to solve it is selected. When installed on the weapon of the barrel 2, its emphasis 19, interacting with the protrusion 18 on the extractor 15, deploys the latter in the direction from the axis of the barrel channel. When sending cartridge 3 into the chamber, after stopping the slope of the sleeve into the counter cone in the chamber, the sleeve flange presses the sleeve 8 and the sleeve reflector 21 flush with the shutter mirror. The hook 23 of the extractor 14 falls over the sleeve flange. After the shot, the extractor 14 removes the sleeve from the chamber, and the reflector 21 removes it into the sleeve window. When moving the trunks, the extractor 15 under the action of the spring 13 is deployed in the direction to the axis of the barrel channel until the supporting pad 17 of the extractor comes into contact with the supporting pad 16 on the shutter. When sending the cartridge 5 into the chamber, the sleeve flange, located inside the sleeve 8, presses the sleeve reflector 21 flush with the shutter mirror, while the catch 24 of the extractor 15 falls behind the sleeve flange. After the shot, the extractor removes the sleeve from the chamber, after which the sleeve reflector 21 removes it into the sleeve window along the same path, since the force exerted by the hooks of both extractors on the sleeve flanges have a common axis of symmetry.

The proposed technical solutions are implemented in a 7.62 / 5.45 mm prototype small arms, which went through a full test cycle with positive results. They made it possible to eliminate the need to replace the bolt when setting the barrel for a weapon under a cartridge with different sleeve sizes, which improves the operational characteristics of the weapon.

Information sources

1. Manual on a small business. 7.62 mm Kalashnikov machine gun (PC, PKS, PKB and PKT). Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1971, pp. 6, 83-87, 99.

2. Semyon Fedoseev, “Sniper rifles”, Moscow, Ed. Yauza Eksmo, 2009, pp. 254-257 - protopip.

Claims (2)

1. Small arms containing a receiver, at least one of two barrels for cartridges with different sizes of shells, selectively installed in it, a bolt with spring-loaded extractor and cartridge reflector, cartridge magazine, characterized in that the bolt protrudes beyond the bolt mirror a sleeve, the outer diameter of which is made according to the diameter of the flange of the larger sleeve, and the inner diameter of the flange of the smaller sleeve, while an additional extractor is attached to the shutter body with a hook placed and larger sleeve flange and the barrel chambered sleeve with greater emphasis is made to cooperate with a protrusion on the extractor at the sleeve and rotating it in the direction of the bore axis. 2. Small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that the hooks of the extractors are located symmetrically with respect to the axis passing through the centers of the holes for the striker and the reflector shells.

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