RU2394756C1 - Ozoniser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for producing ozone from oxygen or air using barrier electric discharge and can be used in industrial and agricultural enterprises for purifying and decontaminating gaseous and aqueous media, surfaces, and for stimulating vital functions of biological objects. The ozoniser has a packet of alternating electrodes with opposite electric potentials. The electrodes are made from wire in form of a coil with plane-parallel sections of equal steps and lying between dielectric barriers and form gas discharge elements separated from each other by dielectric spacers. Plane-parallel sections on electrodes at opposite electric potentials are mirrored and connections of plane-parallel sections of electrodes are arranged chequer-wise. The electrodes are connected to a high alternating voltage source.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of the ozoniser, lower specific power consumption for ozone synthesis, reduced size and metal consumption of the device, longer service life and reliability.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for producing ozone from oxygen or air using a barrier electric discharge and can be used at industrial and agricultural enterprises and in other sectors of the economy for intensification and energy saving in technological processes, cleaning and disinfection of gas and water environments, surfaces, to stimulate vital functions of biological objects (seeds, bacteria, fungi, algae, etc.).

Known ozonizer / 1 / containing a quartz tube with two inlet pipes for oxygen-containing gas and a pipe for ozone output, an external high-voltage electrode , a cooling device. The tube is divided into a dissociator equipped with an external high-voltage wire electrode made in the form of a spiral, and a synthesizer equipped with a cooling device, with a gas-permeable baffle made of an inert material with a developed surface and a second pipe for supplying cooling gas containing molecular oxygen to the ozone synthesis zone . (Italicized [here and hereinafter] - features in common with the subject matter of the claimed invention; highlighted by underlining [here and hereinafter] - analog indication is not allocated in the claims, but displayed in the figures in the description).

The disadvantages of this ozonizer are: design complexity associated with the presence of two nozzles for the introduction of oxygen-containing gas and one nozzle for the output of ozone; low productivity due to intense thermal recombination of atomic oxygen in the dissociator; low cooling efficiency of the ozonizer due to the use of a gas permeable partition.

Known tubular ozonizer / 2 /, consisting of a power source, external and internal electrodes and a dielectric tube between them, both wire electrodes are made in the form of spirals, wound according to the outer and inner sides of the dielectric tube, and the beginning of the outer electrode and the end of the inner electrode are connected to the power source.

The disadvantages of this ozonizer include: design complexity due to the need for water cooling of the electrodes; low ozone productivity due to uneven electrode spacing of spiral electrodes with a tubular ozonizer design; increased electrical leakage and energy consumption due to the deposition of moisture, conductive dust and nitrogen oxides on the surface of the electrodes.

Known ozonizer / 3 / containing a dielectric plate, on one side of which are placed parallel to each other two corona wire electrodes that are connected to one pole of a high-voltage AC voltage source , and a grounded metal plate is pressed to the other side.

The disadvantages of this ozonizer are: the ingress of electrode material into the ozonated gas mixture; decreased ozone productivity and increased energy costs due to moisture, conductive dust and nitrogen oxides deposited on the surface of the electrodes; low efficiency of using the working surface of the ozonizer for ozone synthesis.

Known ozonizer / 4 / containing at least two flat dielectric plates located parallel to each other at a certain distance, which is the air discharge gap . On the surfaces of the dielectric plates opposite the discharge gap, there are electrodes, one of which, high-voltage, is made in the form of a flat coil, which is a long conductor, spirally laid on the surface of one of the dielectric plates , and the other, low-voltage, is made in the form of a thin-film conductive plate, located on the surface of the second dielectric plate.

The disadvantages of this ozonizer include: low productivity due to the uneven synthesis of ozone on the surface of the electrodes; low reliability due to electrical breakdowns between the extreme sections of the high-voltage and low-voltage electrodes.

Known ozonizer / 5 /, adopted for the prototype, which contains a package of alternating electrodes with opposite electrical potentials.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: low productivity of the device associated with high non-uniformity of ozone synthesis on the surface of flat electrodes; increased energy consumption for ozone synthesis; large overall dimensions and metal consumption of the ozonizer due to the low efficiency of using the surface of the electrodes in the process of ozone formation in the barrier discharge; the need to use high values of high alternating voltage of the ozonizer supply (more than 12-14 kV), which leads to an increase in the formation of nitrogen oxides, which destructively act on ozone during its synthesis from air / 6 /. The use for operation of the ozonizer of high values of high alternating voltage reduces the service life and reliability of the device due to the increased likelihood of electrical breakdown of dielectric barriers.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of the ozonizer, reducing energy consumption for the ozone synthesis process, reducing the overall dimensions and metal consumption of the device, increasing its service life and reliability.

To achieve this goal, in the known ozonator containing a package of alternating electrodes with opposite electrical potentials, the electrodes are made of wire in the form of coils with plane-parallel sections of the same pitch and are located between the dielectric barriers with the formation of gas discharge elements separated by remote dielectric spacers, moreover, with electrodes with with opposite electric potentials, plane-parallel sections are mirrored, and parallel sections of the electrodes are staggered, while the electrodes are connected to a high voltage source of alternating voltage.

The uneven synthesis of ozone on the surface of the plate electrodes (in the proton ozonizer) is caused by the uneven distribution of the electric field strengths on the surface of the electrode plates. In the central part of the discharge gap, between two plate electrodes coated with a dielectric, the electric field strength is uniform (similar to the field of a flat capacitor), and the electric field strength has increased values at the edges of the electrode plates, due to the edge effect / 7 /. In this regard, the formation of the greatest amount of ozone occurs precisely in the discharge zone along the edges of the electrode plates / 8 / due to the highest intensity and energy of the discharge processes. Usually, the use of a high electric field strength due to the edge effect in the process of ozone electrosynthesis in ozonizers of a volume barrier discharge is sought to limit, while the specific yield of ozone from a unit area of electrodes in the area of uniform distribution of electric field strength is increased by increasing the high alternating voltage supplied to power ozonizer / 9 /.

In the proposed design of the ozonizer by changing the shape of the wire electrodes, providing an increase in the number of the most productive sections working on the edge effect, and giving a certain relative position to these sections at electrodes with unlike electric potentials, intensification of gas-discharge processes and an increase in ozone output are achieved.

The manufacture of electrodes in the form of coils with plane-parallel sections of the same pitch provides a high density of wire laying, which reduces the dimensions of gas-discharge elements (the electrode located between the dielectric barriers is a single gas-discharge element) and increases the performance of the ozonizer, as it is proportional to the length of the wire electrodes.

The presence in the form of coils of plane-parallel sections of the same pitch simplifies mirroring the location of plane-parallel sections at electrodes with unlike electric potentials and facilitates the manufacture of electrodes.

The mirror arrangement of plane-parallel sections at electrodes with dissimilar electric potentials ensures a minimum distance between them, which corresponds to the maximum values of the electric field strength arising in the gas-discharge gap between plane-parallel sections of electrodes along their entire length, and provides an increase in productivity and reduction of energy consumption.

For coil-shaped electrodes, only plane-parallel sections are operational. No barrier discharge is formed between the connections of plane-parallel sections due to their staggered arrangement at electrodes with unlike electric potentials, which prevents spark discharges between the connections of plane-parallel sections at different-potential electrodes, which are closest to the edges of the dielectric barriers.

The use of two types of arrangement of electrodes in the form of coils with opposite electrical potentials in the design of the device is associated with the need to ensure the mirroring of their plane-parallel sections, the checkerboard arrangement of the connections of plane-parallel sections and the separate arrangement on the opposite sides of the package of gas-discharge elements or on opposite ends of one side of the package of terminal leads of electrodes with opposite electrical potentials that connect to a high voltage source ku ac voltage.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the ozonizer - front view, figure 2 is a cross section aa of the ozonizer of figure 1, showing the relative position of plane-parallel sections of the electrodes with opposite electrical potentials; figure 3 is a section bB from figure 2 with the first type of location of the electrode, figure 4 is a section bb of figure 2 with a second type of location of the electrode; figure 5 is a section GG of the ozonizer of figure 2 in the zone of the slotted discharge gap with remote dielectric gaskets; Fig.6 is a section DD DD of the ozonizer of Fig.3, showing the relative position of the connections of plane-parallel sections at electrodes with unlike electric potentials (in the drawings, the ozonizer is shown without being placed in the housing).

The ozonizer contains wire electrodes 1 (made of copper, aluminum, silver, brass or wires of another metal (alloy) or conductive non-metallic material) connected to a high-voltage source of alternating voltage 2 and located between dielectric barriers 3 (glass, mica, fluoroplastic, ceramic or other). To increase the operational safety and reliability of the ozonizer, the gap between the dielectric barriers inside which the electrode is located is filled with a layer of dielectric adhesive 4 along the perimeter of gas-discharge elements (the electrode located between dielectric barriers is a single gas-discharge element) (universal epoxy adhesive, EAF, wax or others), the presence of which prevents direct contact of the electrodes with oxygen-containing gas supplied to ozonation and about effectiveness to the dielectric strength of the connection plates barriers and immobility and constancy form electrodes located therebetween. Electrodes with dissimilar electric potentials located between the dielectric barriers form gas discharge elements that are separated by remote dielectric spacers 5, forming gas discharge gaps 6 for passage through the discharge zone of air or other oxygen-containing gas. The ozonizer electrodes 1 are made of a thin wire in the form of coils with plane-parallel sections 7 of the same pitch t, which are the working sections of the electrode, and with connections 8 of plane-parallel sections, which do not form a barrier discharge when the ozonizer operates. When placing electrodes in the form of coils between dielectric barriers during their manufacture, it is necessary to maintain the location of extreme plane-parallel sections and connections of plane-parallel sections at a distance that ensures the absence of spark discharges between electrodes with unlike electric potentials enveloping the edges of the barriers. Connections of plane-parallel sections of electrodes in the form of coils are made in such a way as to exclude bends of the wire at an angle, for example, in the form of an arc or a U-shaped shape with the manufacture of places of bending of the wire along the radius instead of angles, which will eliminate the sources of concentration of high electric field strength and spark discharges, increasing the reliability of the device. The free ends of the electrodes, which are not connected to a high-voltage source of alternating voltage and are strong concentrators of high electric field strength, with adjacent sections of wire are parallel to the extreme and second plane-parallel section from the edge of the barrier, equidistant from both, i.e., at a distance of t / 2, and a connection with an extreme arc (where t is the step of plane-parallel sections of the electrode in the form of a coil). The length of the wire sections adjacent to the free ends should ensure their remote location from the edge of the dielectric barriers and from the working (plane-parallel) sections of electrodes opposite in sign, which will prevent the occurrence of spark discharges and increase the service life and reliability of the device.

The device relates to plate ozonizers, Figs. 1, 2, 6 show an embodiment of an ozonizer with seventeen gas discharge elements (the electrode located between the dielectric barriers is a single gas discharge element), nine of which are with electrodes of the same electric potential, and eight with electrodes of another electrical potential, and sixteen gas discharge gaps.

The ozonizer works as follows.

When power is supplied to the electrodes 1 from a high-voltage source of alternating voltage 2, a high-voltage electric field arises between the mirror-located plane-parallel sections 7 of the electrodes 1 with dissimilar electric potentials, which contributes to the formation of a barrier electric discharge in the gas-discharge gaps 6 on the surfaces of the dielectric barriers 3. The impact of the discharge on the flow of air, blown through the gas-discharge gaps 6 of the ozonizer, causes the dissociation of oxygen molecules into atoms, which are attached as a result of collisions during the movement of air to undissociated oxygen molecules, which leads to the formation of ozone and ozone-air mixture.

The proposed technical solution provides increased productivity and reduced specific energy consumption for ozone synthesis, reduces the size and metal consumption of the device, increases its service life and reliability.

Information sources

1. Patent No. 2178383 of the Russian Federation, IPC 7 СВВ 13/11. Ozonator. / N.V. Kamyshanchenko, G.V. Makhankov, I.V. Ryzhkov, A.V. Taran, N.A. Chekanov (Belgorod State University). - No. 2000107677/12, declared 03/28/2000, publ. 01/20/2002 // BIPM. - 2002. - No. 2.

2. Patent No. 2016841 of the Russian Federation, IPC 5 СВВ 13/11. Ozonizer. / K.S. Demirchyan, I.K. Aliev, G.G. Gusev, O.A.Sklyanchenkov (Moscow Power Engineering Institute). - No. 4946366/26, application .: 06/14/1991, publ.: 07/30/1994 // BIPM. - 1994. - No. 14.

3. Lunin V.V. Physical chemistry of ozone. / V.V. Lunin, M.P. Popovich, S.N. Tkachenko; Edited by: V.V. Lunin. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1998. - P.126.

4. Strizhkov I.G. The electric circuit of an ozonizer with an electrode in the form of a flat coil / I.G. Strizhkov, O.N. Raznovan // Mechanization and electrification of agriculture. - 2007. - No. 3. - S.20-21.

5. A.S. No. 941278 USSR, MKI C01B 13/11. Ozonator. / I.M.Savchenko, M.I. Chaliapin, Yu.B. Pinaevsky, G.E. Mazurkevich, V.V. Zaitsev. - No. 3006100 / 23-26, application .: 11/19/1980, publ.: 07/07/1982 // BIPM. - 1982. - No. 25.

6. Knipovich O.M. Electrosynthesis of ozone from air: Abstract. dis ... cand. Chem. sciences. - M.: Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosova, 1970 .-- S. 5, 9.

7. Vorobyov A.A. High voltage technique. - M.-L.: Gosenergoizdat, 1945. - P.39-40.

8. Samoilovich V.G. Physical chemistry of a barrier discharge. / V.G. Samoilovich, V.I. Gibalov, K.V. Kozlov. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1989. - P.86.

9. Artamonov V.G. On increasing the performance of an ozonizer while eliminating edge effects / V.G. Artamonov, S. S. Baranov, V. I. Semenov, M. V. Sokolova // Second All-Union Interuniversity Conference on Ozone: Conference proceedings (Moscow, Chemical Faculty of Moscow State University, January 1977). - M., 1977. - P.66-67.

Claims (1)

An ozonizer containing a stack of alternating electrodes with dissimilar electric potentials, characterized in that the electrodes are made of wire in the form of coils with plane-parallel sections of the same pitch and are located between dielectric barriers with the formation of gas discharge elements separated by remote dielectric spacers, moreover, with electrodes with unlike electric dielectric potentials plane-parallel sections are mirrored, and the connections of plane-parallel sections ele The electrodes are staggered, while the electrodes are connected to a high voltage source of alternating voltage.

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