RU2393926C1 - Hydraulic cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning of oil fed into jet pump as working body. Proposed hydraulic cyclone comprises housing with inlet tangential branch pipe and intake pipe provided with nozzle with openings. There is a hole made at housing bottom perpendicular to axis. Note here that hydraulic cyclone is provided with cylinder-cone fitted in said hole and locked by settling pipe. Intake pipe communicates with jet pump while intake pipe openings represent slots arranged along pipe generating line, slot width not exceeding nozzle diametre and total area of all slots exceeding that of intake pipe by more than two times. Intake pipe nozzle is covered by cone fitted with its top downward and taper angle mating that of cylinder-cone.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

2 dwg

Description

The hydrocyclone is intended primarily for the purification of oil entering the jet pump as a working fluid.

Known cyclone for cleaning dusty air or gas, in which there is a tangential inlet, an inner outlet pipe with a conical body expanding downward. In the lower part of the cyclone there is a reflector insert with a central hole and a dust hopper, see A.S. 148023, class. B04C 05/00.

The main disadvantage is the following. When the flow enters the pipe with the casing expanding downward, due to the increase in the flow area, there is a sharp drop in the speed of rotation of the flow and, as a result, the direction of its movement is reversed (up). Thus, the sediment will be sucked into the discharge pipe.

A hydrocyclone is also known mainly for clarifying the water of water sources, the casing of which is made in the form of a cylinder open at the top and passing into a cone in the lower part, on the inner surface of which a screw thread is formed. In the upper part of the body is equipped with a screw blade. For the purpose of forced removal of sediment, an ejector is mounted in the lower part, see 325994, cl. B04C 5/00.

The main disadvantage is that you need an open reservoir and it is impossible to install such a hydrocyclone in a pipe, for example, in a pipe (with a diameter of not more than 100 mm) for supplying a working fluid to a jet pump placed in a well. Known hydrocyclone operates under the influence of a pump vacuum.

Also known is a hydrocyclone for cleaning dusty gas in a dry way, see No. 1217488, class. B04C 5/12.

The hydrocyclone contains a cone, an upper tangential inlet pipe and an axial exhaust pipe, a lower dust outlet, the inlet of the exhaust pipe is equipped with a gear nozzle, the width of the teeth of which decreases towards the dust outlet. The nozzles are equipped with planks installed vertically inside the nozzle, tilted in the direction of flow rotation, and a ring installed at the entrance to the nozzles with overlapping of the lower ends of the strips.

The disadvantages of the known solutions include the following.

Dust particles entering the nozzle will fly into the exhaust pipe. The oncoming gas flow in the exhaust pipe will not allow dust particles to fall down and fly out into the lower windows, as in the annular space, the pressure is higher and the movement of particles from the low pressure zone to a higher one is impossible. Additional twist with the help of the guide bars will not lead particles out of the windows located at a position below the main stream from the ring. All particles will be carried away by the main stream and go into the exhaust pipe.

The presence of a ring mounted at the ends of the teeth negates all cleaning, since rather large dust can be carried into the exhaust pipe, as well as through the lower windows, which became very wide due to the bending of the trims (according to the figure).

Below the ring there will be expansion of the flow, as the cross-sectional area sharply increases and, as a result, dust entrainment into the exhaust pipe.

The task of the invention is to ensure the operability of a jet pump lowered into an oil well. Since the nozzle in the jet pump has a very small hole (no more than 3 millimeters), then any body (for example, welding peas, scale, sand, etc.) caught in the supply pipe clog the nozzle hole and the pump does not work.

The problem is solved as follows.

Between the inlet flange of the fountain fittings and the fluid supply pipe (shown by the dot-dash line in the drawing), a hydrocyclone is installed, moreover in the dimensions of the flange connection. The closer the hydrocyclone is installed to the fountain, the better, since less trash can enter the jet pump. The hydrocyclone is equipped with a cylinder cone installed in the opening of the housing, perpendicular to the axis. Moreover, the cylinder cone is fixed by a settling pipe directed downward, and a receiving pipe is placed in it with windows in the form of slots located along its generatrix, with a width of not more than the diameter of the nozzle and an area of all slots exceeding the area of the receiving pipe by more than 2 times. In this case, the nozzle of the receiving pipe is closed from below by a cone mounted with its top downward, with a taper angle that coincides with the taper of the cylinder cone. This makes the fluid motion vortex free. Each slit has a hydraulic resistance, and in order to maintain uniform fluid motion in the inlet part of the inlet to the intake pipe, the fluid velocity should be as low as possible.

Particles larger than the gap will not be pressed against the gap and clog it, but will be carried away into the settling pipe by a stream in the annular space.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General diagram of the installation of a hydrocyclone.

Figure 2 shows a footnote "I" of the hydrocyclone of figure 1 in section (for clarity).

The hydrocyclone consists of a housing 1. A hole 2 is made perpendicular to the axis of the housing to accommodate a cylinder cone 3 and a settling pipe 4. Entrance 5 is tangential to the hole 2. The intake pipe 6 has nozzles 7, in which slots 8 are made, and is closed by a cone 9 from the bottom.

The settling pipe 4 should be directed downward.

The hydrocyclone works as follows. The working fluid (oil) under a pressure of about 15 MPa enters the tangential inlet 5 and twists in the cylindrical part of the hole 2. Heavy particles due to centrifugal forces are pressed against the wall of the cylinder cone 3, and due to gravity they are lowered down into the settling pipe 4, from where they are periodically removed in a known manner.

The refined oil flows through slots 8 into the intake pipe 6 and then to the jet pump (not shown).

The intake pipe 6 is closed from below by a cone 9 with its top downward with a taper angle that coincides with the taper of the cylinder cone 3. The cone 9 eliminates vortex formation in front of the slit 8.

Particles larger than the gap width are excluded.

The present invention avoids large economic losses associated with the dismantling and installation of the pipe string for cleaning the nozzle of the jet pump. The immersion depth of the jet pump can be several kilometers. Hence, the price of one welding pea, stuck in the nozzle, is very high, because can output the whole system.

Deep, low production and deviated wells can only be pumped out by a jet pump.

The need for jet pumps is increasing.

Claims (1)

A hydrocyclone comprising a housing with a tangential inlet input and a receiving pipe provided with a nozzle with windows, characterized in that an opening is made in the lower part of the housing perpendicular to the axis, while the hydrocyclone is equipped with a cylinder cone installed in the specified hole and fixed by a settling pipe, the receiving pipe communicating with a jet pump, and the windows of the receiving pipe are made in the form of slots located along its generatrix, with a width of not more than the diameter of the nozzle and an area of all slots exceeding the area of the receiving pipe would be more than 2 times, the nozzle receiving tube bottom closed cone mounted top down, with a taper angle that coincides with the conicity tsilindrokonusa.

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