RU2392645C1 - System for automated monitoring of environmental parametres - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; control.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to systems for automated monitoring of environmental parametres and can be used in monitoring and controlling actual levels of physical factors of the environmental and production medium. The system consists of a non-volatile device composed of X meteorological sensors, Y environmental monitoring sensors, a measurement unit, a unit for interfacing with external devices and a control and communication unit. The control and communication unit includes a cellular modem, an antenna and a memory unit which processes information from the measurement unit. The control unit sends processed data to a control centre with an automated workstation, an autonomous power supply unit and a unit for controlling operating modes of the device. The non-volatile device also has a non-volatile memory unit, an extra power supply, a power monitor, a power buffer, Z sensors for measuring production medium factors, an input-output unit, an integrator of readings of sensors X, Y and Z, a signal converter for each integrator, a device for setting maximum allowable factors for each sensor, a comparator unit for each sensor and setting device. The system has N non-volatile devices for automatic remote monitoring of the environment which are connected through different communication lines to the central control station and make up the system for automatic monitoring of environmental parametres.

EFFECT: wider range of measured parametres.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of monitoring the parameters of a person’s environment, including in industrial premises. In particular, the system allows you to monitor and control the actual levels of physical factors of the surrounding and production environment, such as meteorological parameters - temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and direction, environmental parameters - toxic gas concentrations, industrial environment parameters - thermal radiation intensity, noise , illumination.

A device for remote monitoring of the parameters of the industrial environment (Patent RU 2279704 C1, G05D 27/02. Device for remote monitoring of the parameters of the industrial environment. / E.M. Sokolov - published in Bul. No. 19, 2006), containing the control unit, temperature sensors, illumination and noise, converters of noise and illumination signals to each sensor, setters of maximum and minimum values of temperature, adjuster of the maximum permissible levels of illumination and noise, comparator to each adjuster, logic elements for each controlled fact r, read only memory, the values of counters temperature, noise, illumination, signal generator.

Its disadvantages are the insufficient amount of information collected, the impossibility of long-term storage of information, the lack of information on the chemical composition of air, the lack of the ability to connect devices into a single system of integrated automated control.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed system is a non-volatile device for automated environmental monitoring (Patent RU 78334, G01W 1/00, 2006.01. Non-volatile device for automated remote environmental monitoring. / V.V. Zharov - published in Bull. No. 32, 2008), containing meteorological sensors, environmental monitoring sensors, a primary transducer of measured signals connected to each of the sensors, a measurement unit, an interface unit with external devices, a control unit I and communications, including a cellular modem, an antenna and a storage device that processes information from the measurement unit, forwards the processed data to a control room equipped with an automated workstation, an autonomous power supply unit, and a unit for controlling the operating modes of the device.

Its disadvantage is the lack of sensors that monitor not only the environmental parameters, but also the parameters of the production environment. Inability to determine exposure dose and change in parameters over time. Also disadvantages are: the lack of the possibility of long-term storage of the measured parameters, as well as their preservation in case of power outages; the inability to determine battery charge indicators for timely monitoring and recharging, eliminating information loss; inconvenience of control of parameters directly at the workplace - due to the lack of output device.

This technical solution is aimed at a comprehensive solution to the problem of assessing the human environment, including the production environment in which a person spends a significant part of his life. The environmental assessment is proposed to be carried out automatically, according to various parameters specific to each of the places in which a person is located, independently and constantly, which will allow calculating the dose of harmful effects received by a person for the entire time of exposure, as well as controlling the influx of harmful substances into the atmosphere. The readings of all N independent non-volatile devices equipped with X, Y, Z sensors of various types are recorded in the memory of each of the devices at small discrete time intervals, which makes it possible to estimate the exposure dose, exceeding the established limits and the moment of exceeding, and then the readings through the control and communication unit transmitted to the input-output device and then to the central control room equipped with an automated workstation. The range of measured parameters will expand significantly, as well as the possibility of using the device and the system as a whole.

The proposed system will allow recording, long-term storage and displaying of collected information about the state of the environment and the working environment for a specified period of time, at all the points provided, both to the output unit of the device itself and to the personal computer at the central control center. The information collected will also be protected against accidental deletion in the event of a power loss.

This is achieved by the fact that in a device containing X meteorological sensors, Y environmental monitoring sensors, a measurement unit, an interface unit with external devices, a control and communication unit including a cellular communication modem, an antenna and a storage device that processes information from the measurement unit, forwarding the processed data to a control room equipped with an automated workstation, an autonomous power supply unit and a device operating mode control unit, Z measurement sensors were additionally introduced parameters of the production environment (illumination, noise levels, heat load intensity of the medium), an integrator for each of the sensors X, Y, Z, processing sensor readings, a converter for each of the integrators, a master connected to each individual comparison unit, an input-output unit, power monitor, power buffer, additional power supply, non-volatile memory.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a structural diagram of a system of automated control of environmental parameters.

The device contains X meteorological sensors 1, Y environmental monitoring sensors 2, Z sensors measuring industrial environment 3, an integrator 4 for each of the sensors 1, 2, 3. Each of the integrators 4 is connected to the transducer 5 and the measuring unit 6. Each of the transducers 5 also connected to the measuring unit 6 and the comparison unit 7, the limit values for each of which is set by the setter 8. Each comparison unit 7 is also connected to the measuring unit 6.

The input-output of the measurement unit 6 is connected to the input-output 1 of the interface unit 9.

The interface unit 9 is connected to the power supply unit 10, the mode control unit 11 and the input-output 1 of the control and communication unit 12. The power supply unit 10 is connected to the input 1 of the power monitor 13, which provides control of the state of the main and additional power sources. The input 2 of the power monitor 13 is connected to an additional power source 14. The input 3 of the power monitor 13 is connected to the output 1 of the power buffer 15. The output of the power monitor 13 is connected to the input of the control and communication unit 12. The input of the power buffer 15 is in turn connected to the output of the additional source power 14. The output 2 of the power buffer 15 is connected to a non-volatile memory 16 connected to the control and communication unit 12 and ensuring the storage of all incoming information.

The input-output of the mode control unit 11 is connected to the input-output 1 of the input-output unit 17, which provides information for the user at the installation site of the device and manual setting of control modes. The input-output 2 of the input-output block 17 is connected to the input-output of the control and communication unit 12.

All of the above blocks (1-17) are part of a non-volatile device for monitoring environmental parameters 18.

N non-volatile devices 18 connected by various communication lines — a cellular communication modem and antenna 19, which are part of the control and communication unit 12, or by wired communication lines — depending on the convenience and needs of use, with a central control room 20 equipped with an automated workstation, represent a system of automated control of environmental parameters.

The system of automated control of environmental parameters works as follows.

After applying power to the power supply unit 10 X, Y, Z sensors 1, 2, 3 begin to measure for each of the factors. The integrators 4 of each sensor convert and summarize the primary signal and transmit it to the transducers 5 and the measurement unit 6. Integration of the signal subsequently allows you to set the dose of the measured harmful factor. The Converter 5 transmits the converted values to the measurement unit 6 and the comparison unit 7, the setter 8 contains the maximum permissible values of each of the measured parameters and is connected with the comparison unit. Each signal arriving at the comparison unit 7 is compared with the value contained in the setter 8. The setter 8 contains a signal characterizing the maximum permissible level of the measured indicator in accordance with current standards, which allows you to record all moments when the indicator of each of the sensors 1, 2, 3 is exceeded. 7, as well as the converter 5, sends a signal to the measurement unit 6. From the measurement unit 6, all parameter values from the sensors 1, 2, 3 are transmitted to the interface unit 9, which transmits the measurement values to the control unit and communications 12 — for storage in memory and transmission via communication lines to the input-output unit 17, or to the central control room 20. The mode control unit 11, by means of the input-output unit 17, or, due to a command from the central control room 20, sets the modes measurements, their frequency. An additional power source 14 creates a supply of energy in the power buffer 15 and provides non-volatile memory 16 with the necessary energy for emergency storage of the measured values. The power monitor 13 monitors the state of the battery of the main power supply unit 10, the battery of the auxiliary power supply 14 and the power buffer 15 and transmits this information through the control and communication unit 12 to the input-output unit 17 and the central control station 20. After a signal of insufficient power is received at the unit power supply 10, power monitor 13 generates a control signal for the mode control unit 11. As soon as the control signal is input to the mode control unit 11, an emergency recording algorithm is activated information from the main memory to non-volatile. This algorithm allows you to activate the power buffer 15, which supports the operability of the control and communication unit 12 (including non-volatile memory 16), the input-output unit 17, the control unit for modes 11 during the discharge time of the capacitor. Information about the lack of power is displayed on the input-output unit 17 and transmitted to the central control room 20. The presence of this algorithm allows you to protect information from losses, and the system itself - from significant malfunctions and unexpected power outages.

At the request of the user submitted to the input-output unit 17 or to the central control room 20, the data is retrieved from the memory and sent through the control and communication unit 12 at the place of the submitted request. The automated workstation at the central control room 20 allows you to set authorized authorized (or prohibited) actions on the input-output unit 17, allows you to save information and control all actions performed directly at the installation site of each of the N devices 18.

Each of the N devices 18 of the system of automated control of environmental parameters is equipped with a different set of sensors 1, 2, 3, depending on the expected conditions and the need for measurements of specific environmental factors, the devices can be located in different parts of the enterprise and cover the entire process carried out on it. This allows us to assess not only the environmental damage caused by the activities of industry as a whole or of a particular enterprise, but also to assess the combined effects of all environmental factors - production and the environment.

The system of automated control of environmental parameters will allow monitoring not only of the environmental component of the activity of the whole enterprise, such as emissions, their dispersion, but also directly of the production environment in which people are also constantly located, since the design of the system provides for installation in many places of the enterprise.

Thus, in the system of automated monitoring of environmental parameters, there is an input / output unit that provides convenient control and operation of the device, non-volatile memory, an additional power source, a power buffer that stores information, a power monitor that allows you to monitor the status of the main and additional power sources, adjusters of the maximum permissible values of each environmental factor, allowing to track the excess of any factor, value integrators, conducting e primary summation, comparison blocks, allowing to fix the excess value of the factor, and sensors measuring the parameters of the working environment.

The additional power source, power buffer, power monitor, and non-volatile memory device included in the system ensure uninterrupted operation of the device and system and increase the reliability of receiving and storing the accumulated information.

Claims (1)

The system of automated control of environmental parameters, including a non-volatile device containing X meteorological sensors, Y environmental monitoring sensors, a measurement unit, an interface unit with external devices, a control and communication unit including a cellular communication modem, an antenna and a storage device that processes information from a measurement unit that sends the processed data to a control room equipped with an automated workstation, an autonomous power supply unit and a control unit режим operating modes of the device, characterized in that a non-volatile memory unit, an additional power supply, a power monitor, a power buffer, Z sensors for measuring the parameters of the industrial environment (noise level, light level, heat load intensity of the medium, etc.) are inserted into the non-volatile device I / O, an integrator of readings of sensors X, Y, Z, a signal converter for each integrator, a setpoint generator for maximum permissible values for each sensor, a comparison unit for each sensor and setter, a system of It contains N non-volatile devices for automated remote monitoring of the environment, connected by various communication lines (wired or wireless) to the central control center and constituting a system of automated control of environmental parameters, the non-volatile memory unit being connected to the power buffer, connected to the control and communication unit, the unit control and communication is connected by feedbacks to the interface unit, an additional power source is connected to a power monitor and a buffer power supply, the main power supply is also connected to the power monitor, and the power monitor, in turn, is connected to the control and communication unit, the input-output unit is connected by feedbacks to the mode control unit and the control and communication unit, the mode control unit is connected to the interface unit which is connected to the power supply and the measuring unit, each of the sensors for measuring the indicators X, Y, Z of the medium is connected to its own integrator, which allows to evaluate the dose of exposure to each of the indicators, the integrator, in turn, is connected to the bl with the measurement window and with the converter, the converter is connected to the measurement unit and the comparison unit, the comparison unit is also connected to the measurement unit, the maximum permissible value for each of the comparison units for indicators from sensors X, Y, Z is generated by each setter connected to each individual comparison unit , with the territorial diversity of the groups of sensors and the layout of each of the N non-volatile devices with a different set of sensors X, Y, Z and setters, depending on the conditions at each measurement point connected to the system and the help of communication lines, antennas or modems through a central control center equipped with an automated workstation.