RU2392411C1 - Drilling bit cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns rock destruction tool. Particularly it concerns drilling bit bearing design. The drilling bit cutter contains a body with peripheral, intermediate and top crowns equipped with rock-destroying elements. The axes of the cutter crowns are positioned eccentrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the cutter with the crowns eccentricity value decreases in the direction from the top to the periphery. The first three cutter crowns beginning with the top crown in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cutter are displaced relative to each other by an angle of 120°±α, where α=1-5°, while the eccentricity value for the first three crowns is selected in accordance with the ratio K₁:K₂:K₃=3:2:1.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of rock destruction and drilling works cost reduction.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a rock cutting tool, and in particular to the design of cone drill bits.

Known cone drill bit, comprising a housing with solid or toothed rims, the cross section of which is made in the form of a polygon inscribed in the circumference of a cone cone with rounded sides (see ed. St. USSR No. 278595, CL E21B 10/16, 1970) .

The disadvantages of this cone are the complexity of the design and low armament. The first drawback leads to a rise in the cost of the bit, and the second leads to a decrease in penetration by the bit.

Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is the drill bit cone, which includes a casing with peripheral, intermediate and vertex crowns equipped with rock cutting elements (see RF patent No. 23033118, CL ЕВВ 10/16, 2007).

The disadvantages of this cone drill bit should be attributed to the low efficiency of rock destruction due to insufficient shock load created by the teeth when rotating around the longitudinal axis of the cone.

In connection with the stated technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the bit by increasing the shock load acting on the rock through the rock cutting elements of cones.

The technical result is achieved in that in the cone of the drill bit, comprising a housing with peripheral, intermediate and vertex crowns equipped with rock cutting elements, according to the invention, the axes of the cones of the cones are eccentric relative to the longitudinal axis of the cone, while the value of the eccentricity of the crowns decreases in the direction from the top to the periphery.

The achievement of the specified technical result also contributes to the fact that:

- the first three cones of the cone, starting from the vertex cone, in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cone, are offset from one another by an angle of 120 ° ± α, where α = 1-5 °;

- the magnitude of the eccentricity of the first three crowns is selected in accordance with the ratio K ₁ : K ₂ : K ₃ = 3: 2: 1.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where Fig.1 shows a General view of the cone in longitudinal section, Fig.2 is a view of the cone from the top.

The cutter of the drill bit contains a housing 1 with crowns 2 equipped with rock cutting elements 3. In the case of using milled teeth, carbide reinforcement is used for this purpose. In other cases, carbide teeth (not shown) are used as rock cutting elements. The crowns 2 of the cone are made with an eccentricity K relative to the longitudinal axis 4 of the cone, while the magnitude of the eccentricity of the crowns 2 decreases in the direction from the top to the periphery, i.e. K ₁ > K ₂ > K ₃ . The magnitude of the eccentricity of the axes 5, 6 and 7 of the first three crowns is preferably chosen in accordance with the ratio K ₁ : K ₂ : K ₃ = 3: 2: 1.

At the same time, the first three crowns 2 of the cone, starting from the vertex crown, are displaced from each other by an angle of 120 ± α, in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 of the cone, where α = 1-5 °, and the value of α is selected depending on the size chisels. Subsequent crowns 2 perform coaxially with the longitudinal axis 4 of the cone, but also with angular displacement

The principle of operation of the bit is as follows. Under the action of axial load and torque, carbide or milled rock-cutting elements of the rims 2 carry out the destruction of the bottom and calibration of the walls of the well. Moreover, due to the eccentric arrangement of the crowns 2, the rock-destroying elements of them exert a significantly greater shock load on the rock and thereby increase the efficiency of rock destruction. The magnitude of the shock load is regulated by changing the magnitude of the eccentricity K for each crown, independently of the other crowns. This allows you to change the load on the face along the entire radius of the bit, depending on the pattern of damage to the face and the physico-mechanical properties of the rock being destroyed.

The use of bits with the proposed design of the cone allows you to increase the technical and economic indicators of drilling operations and thereby reduce their cost.

Claims (3)

1. The cutter of the drill bit, comprising a housing with peripheral, intermediate and vertex crowns equipped with rock cutting elements, characterized in that the axis of the cones of the cutter are eccentric relative to the longitudinal axis of the cutter, while the value of the eccentricity of the crowns decreases in the direction from the top to the periphery. 2. The cone of the drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first three cones of the cone, starting from the top crown, in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cone, are offset from each other by an angle of 120 ° ± α, where α = 1-5 °. 3. The cutter of the drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentricity of the first three crowns is selected in accordance with the ratio of K ₁ : K ₂ : K ₃ = 3: 2: 1.

Images