RU2391521C2 - Suppressor of noise of gas flow (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: noise suppressor (version 1) consists of cylinder case (1). Porous insertion (2) in form of a truncated cone permeable for gas flow is installed inside the case. The smaller diametre of the truncated cone is on the side of flow inlet. There is formed central cavity (3) closed from the side of flow inlet and opened from the side of flow outlet. Porous insertion (2) with case forms circular channel (4) opened at inlet and outlet. Slotted blade vortex for swirling gas flow is set at channel inlet before porous insertion (2). Permeable circular insertion (9) made in form of tubular or slotted channels equipped with relief valves (10) is installed at outlet of circular channel (4); there are branches (11) of withdrawal of impurities separated from gas flow. Noise suppressing coating (12) is applied on external side of case (1). Also there is disclosed another version of suppressor.

EFFECT: increased reliability and resource of suppressor operation.

12 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to silencers of active type gas jets, and can be used in highways for gas transportation.

Known silencer of gas flow noise (AS No. 742614, MKI F01N 1/08, publ. 06/25/1980) containing a cylindrical body, a perforated pipe located in it, forming an annular cavity with it, an inlet chamber with throttle washers and partitions and exhaust chamber with end perforated exhaust wall. A disadvantage of the known silencer is its low efficiency due to the large diameter of the perforation holes of the exhaust elements, which themselves are sources of high frequency vortex noise, due to the high turbulence of the generated gas jets. In addition, this design forms a gas flow concentrated in one direction.

Known silencer (RF patent No. 2151889, IPC 7 F01N 1/10, publ. 2000.06.27), the closest in technical essence and adopted as a prototype, in which a tubular permeable element is formed, which forms a cavity with the housing. The silencer body is made in the form of a casing with holes, and a porous permeable pneumatic element in the form of a hollow cylinder is installed in the cavity. The annular cavity between the tubular element and the pneumatic element is filled with a gas-permeable sound-absorbing filler, and the pneumatic element is installed between the springs. An inlet diffuser is additionally connected to the inlet front cover of the silencer body with gas flow detullers at its inlet and outlet sections made in the form of permeable spacers made of porous cermet. In addition, the inner permeable tubular element is made in the form of a diffuser made of porous cermet or ceramic material. The end cover is made blind and equipped with a sound-absorbing insert, and the inlet of the inlet front cover is made of the same diameter with the output section of the inlet diffuser. This embodiment reduces the noise of a gas jet by crushing it into elementary streams while sequentially reducing the scale of their turbulence, leveling and decreasing the velocity field of the jet at the exit from the muffler, while increasing the absorption of sound energy.

The technical result, which the invention is directed to, is to expand the functionality and increase the reliability and service life of the silencer.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the silencer of the gas stream (option 1), containing a cylindrical body, inside which a porous insert permeable to the gas stream is installed, with the formation of the central cavity, it is new that the central cavity is closed from the inlet side of the stream and is open from side of the flow outlet, the porous insert forms an annular channel with the casing, which is open at the inlet and outlet, and a device is installed at the inlet of the porous insert to twist the flow.

The device, swirling the flow, made in the form of a slotted scapular swirler.

In a gas flow silencer (option 2), comprising a cylindrical body with an end front cover, inside which a porous insert permeable to gas flow is mounted, with the formation of a central cavity, it is new that the central cavity is closed on the inlet side of the stream and open on the outlet side flow, the porous insert forms an annular cavity with the casing, open on the outlet side of the flow, on the cylindrical surface of the casing there is a gas supply pipe, the axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis orpusa.

For options 1 and 2, common features are: a porous insert is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small diameter of which is located on the inlet side of the stream; a permeable annular insert is installed at the output of the annular channel, made in the form of tubular or slotted channels equipped with bypass valves that open at a given pressure differential at the inlet and outlet; at the output of the annular channel there are branch pipes for removing contaminants separated from the gas stream.

Figure 1 presents a longitudinal section of a silencer (option 1).

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a silencer (option 2).

The gas flow silencer (option 1) contains a cylindrical body 1, inside of which a porous insert 2 permeable to the gas flow is installed in the form of a truncated cone, the small diameter of which is located on the flow inlet side, with the formation of a central cavity 3 closed from the flow inlet side and open from the outlet side of the stream. The porous insert 2 forms with the body an annular channel 4, open at the inlet and outlet. At the entrance of the annular channel 4 in front of the porous insert 2, a slotted blade swirler 5 is installed for swirling the gas flow.

According to the second embodiment, the gas flow silencer comprises a cylindrical body 1 with an end front cover 6, inside of which a porous insert 2 permeable to the gas flow is installed, with the formation of a central cavity 3 closed from the flow inlet side and open from the flow outlet side. The porous insert 2 forms an annular cavity 7 with the housing 1, which is open on the outlet side of the flow. On the cylindrical surface of the housing 1 there is a gas supply pipe 8, the axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1.

For options 1 and 2, a permeable annular insert 9 is installed at the output of the annular channel 4, made in the form of tubular or slotted channels equipped with bypass valves 10, and, in addition, there are nozzles 11 for removing contaminants separated from the gas stream. On the outside, the housing 1 has a soundproofing coating 12.

Silencer works as follows. The gas stream after reduction enters the inlet of the muffler and is twisted using a slotted blade vortex 5. The scapular swirl 5 is a slotted channel in which primary damping of large-scale velocity pulsations takes place. Due to the action of mass forces on the gaseous medium, which along with the axial component is radial, the contaminants present in the gas stream are separated. Liquid and solid contaminants with a density significantly higher than the gas density are discarded into the peripheral region of the flow in the annular channel 4. The separated gas flow passes through the porous insert 2, where pressure pulsations and flow rates are suppressed, i.e. there is a decrease in noise level (high frequency noise). The gas stream passing through the porous insert enters the gas main. Part of the gas stream moving in the peripheral region of the annular channel 4 and containing solid and liquid contaminants passes through the annular insert 9 with tubular or slotted channels, which are equipped with bypass valves 10 that open at a given pressure differential at the inlet and outlet. When passing through tubular or slotted channels, the pulsations are damped by pressure and velocity and the noise level is reduced. The gas flows passing through the porous insert 2 and the tubular or slotted channels of the annular insert 9 are connected at the outlet and enter the gas pipeline.

Thus, due to the action of mass forces, various inclusions (solid and liquid, always present in natural gas) will be discarded to the periphery of the flow, while the probability of clogging of the porous insert 2 is reduced, which increases the life and reliability of the noise muffler and does not increase the hydraulic resistance of the gas-dynamic path, which ultimately reduces the cost of transporting gas.

Claims (13)

1. A gas flow silencer comprising a cylindrical body, inside of which a porous insert permeable to gas flow is mounted, with the formation of a central cavity, characterized in that the central cavity is closed on the flow inlet side and open on the flow outlet side, the porous insert forms an annular with the body a channel open at the inlet and outlet, with a device that swirls the flow at its entrance before the porous insert. 2. The silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous insert is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small diameter of which is located on the inlet side of the stream. 3. The silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the device, swirling the flow, is made in the form of a slotted blade swirl. 4. The silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that a permeable annular insert is installed at the output of the annular channel. 5. The silencer according to claim 4, characterized in that the permeable annular insert is made in the form of tubular or slotted channels. 6. The silencer according to claim 5, characterized in that the tubular or slotted channels are equipped with bypass valves. 7. The silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that at the output of the annular channel there are branch pipes for removing contaminants separated from the gas stream. 8. A gas flow silencer comprising a cylindrical body with an end front cover, inside which a porous insert permeable to gas flow is installed, with the formation of a central cavity, characterized in that the central cavity is closed on the inlet side of the stream and open on the outlet side of the stream, porous insert forms an annular cavity with the casing open from the flow outlet side; on the cylindrical surface of the casing there is a gas supply pipe whose axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing. 9. The silencer according to claim 8, characterized in that the porous insert is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small diameter of which is located on the inlet side of the stream. 10. The silencer according to claim 8, characterized in that a permeable annular insert is installed at the output of the annular channel. 11. The muffler according to claim 10, characterized in that the permeable annular insert is made in the form of tubular or slotted channels. 12. The silencer according to claim 11, characterized in that the tubular or slotted channels are equipped with bypass valves. 13. The silencer according to claim 8, characterized in that at the output of the annular channel there are branch pipes for removing contaminants separated from the gas stream.

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