RU2391500C2 - Oil or gas well production monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil-and-gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: oil or gas well production monitoring device comprises self-contained geophysical instruments mounted below production pump with the help[ of anchors in intervals of analysed beds. Right above top anchor a guide funnel is fixed with its upper part accommodating stem on lugs and its lower part housing contact sleeve to cable terminal to be connected thereto. Top and bottom cylinders are fixed above and below extraction pump with their funnels directed upward and downward, respectively. Note here that one of the funnel walls is arranged vertically at the distance of 3 to 5 mm from the cylinder outer wall. Tube is arranged between top and bottom cylinders in funnels holes to accommodate geophysical cable with contact rod to move therein. Note also that bells are arranged above guide funnel and top cylinder cowl, each with diametre smaller than that of cowl by two diametres of geophysical cable, plus 10 to 15 mm.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of data.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used to monitor technological processes in a well during oil or gas production, including for monitoring processes in a multilayer well during the joint development of several formations (multilayer production).

With the existing need for continuous monitoring of technological processes during oil and gas production, attempts to create equipment for monitoring technology for working or under construction wells are ongoing (Control systems for the trajectory of a wellbore abroad. Drilling Series. - M .: VNIIOENG, 1980, p.4; Systems requiring a drilling stop to receive information, p.27; Systems that do not require a drilling stop to receive information, p.34; Systems with a wired communication channel, p.48; Systems with the transmission of information in the form of a pulse in pressure along the drilling fluid column, p.65; Systems with an electromagnetic communication channel along the rock and along the drill pipe string, p.68; Systems using acoustic vibrations; S.N.Buzikov, I.D. Umrikhin. Hydrodynamic methods for researching wells and reservoirs. - M .: Nedra, 1995; RN Diyashev. Study of the effectiveness of joint and separate development of heterogeneous oil-saturated reservoirs of multilayer oil fields // Karotazhnik, 2003, No. 109, p.147-166).

A disadvantage of the known devices is that they provide distorted information to the surface. The reason is that, due to the impossibility of transmitting information to the surface from instruments installed in the well through a geophysical cable, information is transmitted by liquid, by column, by tubing, by the conductors of a power cable that supplies the pumps with electric power, etc. This way of transmitting information has a lot of interference (noise), which is difficult to separate from the true information about the downhole processes.

The greatest need for monitoring wells is with multi-layer production. Known monitoring devices having the above disadvantages are generally not suitable for multilayer wells, because in this case, the amount of transmitted information about the processes occurring in the intervals of each of the layers significantly increases, and, accordingly, the interference increases many times.

Partially indicated problems were solved in the well-known device for monitoring a working well, which was adopted as a prototype (see A.I. Ipatov, M. I. Kremenetsky. Geophysical and hydrodynamic control of hydrocarbon field development. - M.: SRC “Regular and chaotic dynamics”, Institute for Computer Research ”, 2005, p. 222). According to the prototype, the device contains autonomous geophysical instruments installed below the production pump in the interval of each studied formation using anchors.

A disadvantage of the known invention is to obtain results after stopping the production and extraction of devices, i.e. some time later. In the case of multi-layer production, it is during this period of time that fluid flows from one formation to another take place and there is no way to influence this negative process until the information in the instrument’s memory is decrypted, the production rate is determined, the fluid dynamic pressure, etc. characteristics with subsequent adjustment of flows by geological and technical measures.

The objective of the proposed invention is to provide a device for monitoring a well devoid of these disadvantages.

The technical result achieved by using the proposed invention is the ability to obtain reliable undistorted information about technological processes in real time at any stage of the production process, which allows to optimize the production process quickly and efficiently.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for monitoring the well in the process of oil or gas production, containing autonomous geophysical instruments installed below the production pump in the intervals of the studied formations with the help of anchors, according to the invention, a guide funnel is mounted above the upper anchor, in the upper part of which is mounted the shank on the paws, and in the lower part there is a contact sleeve insulated from the funnel guide and connected to the wires from autonomous geophysical instruments with mounted in it with the possibility of movement by a spring-loaded twin piston, above the production pump there is fixed an upper cylinder having a through funnel, the bell of which is directed upwards and is comparable with the diameter of the cylinder, one of the walls of the funnel being located vertically at a distance of 3-5 millimeters from the outer surface of the cylinder, and the lower hole of which is commensurate with the diameter of the geophysical cable, a lower cylinder is fixed under the production pump, having a through funnel, the bell of which is directed downward and commensurate with the third diameter meter of the cylinder, one of the walls of the funnel located vertically at a distance of 3-5 millimeters from the outer surface of the cylinder, and the upper hole of which is commensurate with the diameter of the geophysical cable, a tube is installed between the upper and lower cylinders in the holes of the funnels, in which the geophysical cable is placed with the possibility of movement having a contact rod at the end, insulated from the armor of the geophysical cable and connected to its wires, while above the guide funnel and above the funnel of the upper cylinder Rowan bells, each of which is formed with a diameter smaller than the corresponding socket of the funnel for two plus logging cable diameter 10-15 mm.

The installation of a funnel guide over the upper anchor ensures unhindered passage of the geophysical cable with the contact rod at the end until it contacts the contact sleeve located at the bottom of the funnel guide.

The shank in the upper part of the guide funnel is necessary to capture the anchor when it is installed-removed in the well, and the installation of the shank on the paws does not impede the passage of the geophysical cable with the contact rod at the end into the guide funnel.

Installation in the contact sleeve of the spring-loaded piston provides protection of the sleeve against siltation and, as a result, reliable electrical contact of the rod with the sleeve.

The installation of an upper and lower cylinders above the production pump and below it with through funnels made in them, between which the tube is placed, ensures unhindered descent and lifting of the geophysical cable with a contact rod at the end along the production pump body into the space below the pump to the instruments installed on the anchors. The implementation of through funnels with the location of one of the walls vertically at a distance of 3-5 millimeters from the outer surface of the upper and lower cylinders is necessary so that the geophysical cable runs as close as possible to the inner wall of the column and does not interfere with the installation of the production pump.

The use of a geophysical cable as a means of transmitting information provides high quality information transmitted to the surface. In addition, due to the flexibility properties, the cable guided by the funnels easily passes through the entire structure of the device.

The installation of bells above the funnel of the upper cylinder and above the guide funnel ensures the removal of garbage into the gaps between the inner wall of the column and, accordingly, the upper cylinder and the guide sleeve. On the other hand, the implementation of bells with the indicated diameters allows the contact rod located at the end of the geophysical cable to freely pass into the gaps between the bells and the sockets of the funnels.

The proposed implementation of the elements of the device allows you to run and connect the geophysical cable with a contact rod at the end in three ways:

- lower the geophysical cable into the well before lowering the production pump and dock the contact rod with the contact sleeve located in the guide funnel to which the instrument wires are connected. This is necessary for a preliminary check of the operation of the devices, the presence of a discreteness mode for the alternate transmission of instrument readings from all layers. After that, the cable is removed to the surface, then to lower it either together with the production pump, or after its descent;

- lower the geophysical cable into the well together with the production pump, for which the contact rod and part of the geophysical cable are passed through the funnels of the upper and lower cylinders and the pipe connecting them and lowered below the production pump to a depth equal to the distance of the upper armature from the production pump after its installation. Further descent of the geophysical cable is performed in conjunction with the production pump. Upon reaching the estimated depth of descent of the production pump, the geophysical cable is joined by a contact rod with a contact sleeve in a guide funnel mounted above the armature to ensure the transmission of information to the surface;

- lower the geophysical cable into the well after lowering and installing the production pump at a given depth. In this case, the geophysical cable with the contact rod will pass through the funnels and the pipe past the production pump and, upon further descent, will come into contact with the contact sleeve in the guide funnel. And then the geophysical cable is ready to transmit information from instruments to the surface in the planned discrete mode from each layer.

After conducting studies of the operation of the reservoirs for several hours or days in any of the three cases, a decision is made either to stop production and to take measures to optimize the production process (in the case of multi-reservoir production, these are measures to eliminate fluid flow from the reservoir to the reservoir), or to continue research with the transfer of information to the surface, or about removing the geophysical cable and continuing production with recording process parameters in the memory of devices.

It may also be decided to lower the geophysical cable after a few days or months to verify in real time the parameters of the production processes, followed by decisions on the continuation of the production process or its termination for optimization measures. Similar runs of a geophysical cable for real-time monitoring of a well can be repeated many times based on production needs.

If necessary, the cable can not be removed, constantly transmitting the parameters of the layers in real time.

Thus, the planned technical result is achieved in any of the cases.

The proposed device, which allows to implement the monitoring method, is shown in the drawings, which show:

- figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a device;

- figure 2 is a transverse section aa of the device above the guide funnel;

- figure 3 is a local view B of the node of the contact sleeve.

A device for monitoring a well (see Fig. 1) contains an autonomous geophysical device 1 installed in the well at an anchor 2 below the production pump 3. In multi-layer production conditions, the device contains autonomous geophysical devices 1 by the number of reservoirs under study, each of which 1 is fixed anchored over the corresponding formation.

A guide funnel 4 is installed above the armature 2, in the upper part of which a shank 6 is mounted on the legs 5 for installing and removing anchors 2. In the lower part of the guide funnel 4 a contact sleeve 7 is insulated from it, to which wires 8 are connected from devices 1. Inside the contact the sleeve 7 is placed made by a twin piston 9 spring-loaded from below.

Above the production pump 3, an upper cylinder 10 is fixed, in which there is a through funnel 11. The funnel 11 is made as follows: one of its sides is made vertically at a distance of 3-5 mm from the outer surface of the cylinder 10, the funnel bell is directed upwards and is comparable with the diameter of cylinder 4 , the bottom hole of the funnel is commensurate with the diameter of the geophysical cable. A lower cylinder 12 is fixed under the pump 3, having a through funnel 13 made as follows: one of its sides is made vertically at a distance of 3-5 mm from the outer surface of the cylinder 12, the funnel bell is directed downward and is comparable with one third of the diameter of the cylinder 12, and the top hole of the funnel is commensurate with the diameter of the geophysical cable. Technologically, each of the cylinders 10 and 12 is made of two parts connected along the longitudinal axis by brackets and fasteners (positions are not indicated).

Between the upper cylinder 10 and the lower cylinder 12, a tube 14 is installed in the holes of the funnels 11 and 13.

A geophysical cable 15 is located in the funnel 11, tube 14 and funnel 13. At the end of the geophysical cable 15 there is a contact rod 16 insulated from the armor of the cable 15 and connected to the wires passing inside it.

A bell 17 is mounted above the guide funnel 4, and a bell 18 is mounted above the top cylinder 10. The bells 17 and 18 have diameters smaller than the bell diameters, respectively, of the funnel 4 and funnel 11, two diameters of the geophysical cable 15 plus 10-15 mm. The distance between the bell 17 and the guide funnel 4 and between the bell 18 and the upper cylinder 10 is maintained from the condition of rolling garbage into the gaps between the column wall and, accordingly, the guide funnel 4 and the upper cylinder 10.

Perform well monitoring as follows.

First, geophysical instruments 1 are lowered into the well and fixed above each developed formation using anchors 2. A guide funnel 4 is fixed above the upper anchor 2, and a shank 6 mounted on the paws 5 is used for installation-removal. Each shafts are monitored with similar shanks from anchors installed in the intervals of the studied formations.

Then, the contact pin 16 is lowered into the well on the geophysical cable 15, it is drawn along the bell 17 and lowered along the guide sleeve 4 until it contacts the piston 9. The rod 16 moves the piston 9 down and makes contact with the contact sleeve 7 (at the same time, the contacts are lubricated with oil for water and pollution removal). Through this contact, the readings from the instruments 1 are transmitted through the wires of the geophysical cable 15 at the wellhead. Based on the incoming information on the surface, primary calculations are performed. After that, the geophysical cable 15 is removed to the surface.

At the wellhead, mounted on a string of tubing, on which the pump 3 is lowered into the well, the upper 10 and lower 12 cylinders are directly above and below the production pump 3. A tube 14 is installed between the openings of the through funnels 11 and 13. They are mounted above the upper cylinder 10 bell 18 from the condition that the debris does not fall into the through funnel 11, but rolls along the inner wall of the column.

After installing at a predetermined well depth a production pump 3 in the specified assembly, the pump 3 is turned on. The geophysical cable 15, launched together with the pump 3, ensures the transfer of information from geophysical instruments 1 almost immediately after the descent, therefore, the process parameters above each layer will be determined immediately. If the incoming information indicates the flow of fluid from the formation into the formation, then the production is stopped and the geophysical cable 15, the production pump 3, the guiding funnel 4 along with the upper armature 2 and instruments 1, as well as the anchors located below with independent geophysical instruments fixed below them are removed.

According to the calculations made on the basis of the testimony of devices 1, geological and technical measures are carried out in the well to eliminate formation flows, for example, pack a low-power formation that receives fluid.

After that, anchors 2 with devices 1 are installed in the same position, the guiding funnel 4 and the geophysical cable 15 and the readings of the instruments 1 are transmitted to the surface. After the pump 3 is launched, the parameters of technological processes in the intervals of the formations are checked. If the work of the layers is satisfactory, then the geophysical cable 15 is removed, and the recording of the parameters of technological processes is carried out in the memory of devices 1.

In order to periodically monitor the operation of the layers, the geophysical cable 15 is lowered into the well and removed according to the scheme described above.

Claims (1)

A device for monitoring a well in the process of oil or gas production, containing autonomous geophysical instruments installed below the production pump in the intervals of the studied formations with the help of anchors, characterized in that a guide funnel is fixed above the upper anchor, in the upper part of which a shank is mounted on the paws, and in at the bottom there is a contact sleeve insulated from the guiding funnel and connected to the wires from autonomous geophysical instruments with a support an upper cylinder having a through funnel, the bell of which is directed upward and commensurate with the diameter of the cylinder, one of the walls of the funnel is vertically located at a distance of 3-5 mm from the outer surface of the cylinder, and the lower hole of which is commensurate with the diameter geophysical cable, under the production pump, a lower cylinder is fixed, having a through funnel, the bell of which is directed downward and is comparable with the third diameter of the cylinder, one of the walls of the funnel is located vertically flaxly at a distance of 3-5 mm from the outer surface of the cylinder, and the upper hole of which is commensurate with the diameter of the geophysical cable, a tube is installed between the upper and lower cylinders in the holes of the funnels, in which the geophysical cable is placed with the possibility of movement, having at its end a contact rod insulated from the armor of the geophysical cable and connected to its wires, while bells are mounted above the guide funnel and above the funnel of the upper cylinder, each of which is made with a diameter smaller than the bell with the corresponding funnel for two diameters of the geophysical cable plus 10-15 mm.

Images