RU2389184C1 - Method for determing synergetic effect of surface-active substances in herbicide dispersion systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: blending reactant, first surface-active substance (FSAS) with organic solvent, separately blending reactant, second surface-active substance (SSAS) with organic solvent, separately blending reactant, mixture of first and second surface-active substances with organic solvent, separately emulsification of received concentrates in water, received emulsions definition in hours, by quantity of fallen coagulate in a half-life period, presentation of these indicators in percentage (% actual RE) and Synergism's calculation under the formula: % actual RE - % calculation RE, where % calculation RE = % actual RE FSAS I + % actual RE SSAS - (% actual RE FSAS × % actual RE SSAS): 100.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to realise the specified appointment, to optimise the maintenance of SAS, to raise herbicidal activity of preparations.

3 tbl, 19 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of application of surfactants in herbicidal formulations.

It is known that the stability of herbicidal emulsions largely depends on the quantity and quality of surfactants and is determined using the indicator of the half-life of the emulsion [V.M. Kuznetsov. Chemical-technological basis for the development and improvement of herbicidal formulations. - M .: Chemistry, 2006. - 320 s].

It is known that the use of a combination of emulsifiers, one of which is a polyethylene glycol ether, and the other an alkyl sulfonate or calcium alkyl sulfate, gives good results in stabilizing herbicidal emulsions [N. N. Melnikov. Pesticides Chemistry, technology and application. M .: Chemistry, 1987. - 712 s]. This can be explained by the synergistic effect of using a combination of surfactants.

A known method of calculating the synergistic and antagonistic interaction of herbicidal mixtures in terms of inhibition of plant growth by each herbicide individually [Weeds. - 1967. - V.15, No. 1. - R.20.]. The method is not applicable to surfactants.

The objective of the invention is the determination of the synergistic effect of a combination of surfactants in herbicidal emulsions, optimization of the content of surfactants, increase the herbicidal activity of the preparations. The problem is solved by determining the half-life of the emulsion when using each emulsifier separately and their mixtures, followed by calculation of the synergistic effect of the combination of two surfactants.

Example 1

75 g of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (2,4-D), 5 g of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate (ABSK) and 20 g of Nefras A150 / 330 hydrocarbon aromatic solvent are mixed. 1 g of the obtained concentrate is emulsified in 100 ml of water, and the half-life of the emulsion (PES) is determined by the amount of coagulate when it is kept in a sump, which is a narrow graduated glass cylinder with a stopper. Summarize the values of the PES of examples 1, 2, 3, express the share in% actual. and calculate the synergy of two surfactants according to the formula:% calculated. =% actual PES surfactant I +% actual PES surfactant II - (% actual. PES surfactant I ×% actual. PES surfactant II): 100.

Example 2

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that instead of ABSSC they take syntanol DS-10 in an amount of 15 g, and the amount of nefras A150 / 330 is 10 g.

Example 3

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that they use a mixture of syntanol DS-10 and ABSK in the amount of 15 g and 5 g, respectively, and the amount of nefras A 150/330 is 5 g.

Example 4

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that instead of nefras A 150/330 they take nefras AR 120/200.

Example 5

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that instead of ABSSC they take C12-C14 alkyldimethylamine (ADMA) in an amount of 15 g, and the amount of AP 120/200 nefras is 10 g.

Example 6

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that they use a mixture of ADMA and ABSK in the amount of 15 g and 5 g, respectively, and the amount of nefras AR 120/200 is 5 g.

Example 7

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that instead of nephras A 150/330 take cyclohexanone.

Example 8

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that instead of ABSK they take neonol AF 9-12 in the amount of 15 g, and the amount of cyclohexanone is 10 g.

Example 9

Similar to pr. 1. The difference is that they use a mixture of neonol AF 9-12 and ABSK in the amount of 15 g and 5 g, respectively, and the amount of cyclohexanone is 5 g.

Examples 10-18.

Similarly, pr. 1-9, respectively. The difference is that instead of 2,4-D ester, 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (dicamba) is used.

Example 19

Field trials of herbicidal preparations are carried out in crops of wheat and barley. The soil of the experimental plot is podzolized chernozem with a humus content of 8%. The prevailing weeds are small-leaved broad-leaved and perennial root shoots: white gauze, wild radish, shiritsa, field chamomile, species of pikulniks, highlanders, pink thistle, yellow thistle, field bindweed. Treatment with herbicides is carried out in the tillering phase of wheat and barley using a manual sprayer. The dose of the preparations is 0.7 l / ha (pr. 1-9) and 0.1 l / ha (pr. 10-18), the water flow rate is 100 l / ha. The area of one plot is 10 square meters, the repetition is 4 times.

The effectiveness of the action of herbicides is estimated by the weight of weeds and by the yield of crops on the experimental and control plots (option without herbicides). The experimental results are presented in table 2 (barley crops) and in table 3 (wheat crops).

The data presented in Table 1 indicate that combinations of syntanol DS-10 and ABSK, as well as neonol AF 9-12 and ABSK, are synergistic as when using 2,4-D ether as a herbicide (Project 3 and Project 9 ), and when using dicamba ether (Project 12 and Project 18). It was found that the combination of ADMA and ABSK has weak synergism (Project 15, the herbicide is dicamba ester) and negative synergy, that is, antagonism (Project 6, the herbicide is 2,4-D ether).

The results of field trials of herbicidal preparations based on 2,4-D esters and dicamba in barley and wheat crops (Table 2, Table 3) showed a significant advantage in formulations where the synergism of two surfactants was revealed (projects 3, 9, 12, 18) in comparison with other recipes. The grain yield increase in pr. 3, 9, 12, 18 is 2.3-3.0 centners of barley from 1 ha and 2.5-3.3 centners of wheat from 1 ha, while in the remaining examples, the increase in grain yield from 1 ha does not exceed 1 centner.

Table 1 Determination of synergy of surfactant combinations No.
ditch Valid in,% wt. Surface-active substance,
% wt. Dissolve
tel
% wt. PES, h Synergism of a mixture of two surfactants Ether 2,4-D Ether of Dicamba Syntanol ADM A Neonol ABS K %
fa ktich. % calculation + - one 75 5 twenty 1,6 18.0 2 75 fifteen 10 2.0 22.5 3 75 fifteen 5 5 5.3 59.5 36.5 +23.0 four 75 5 twenty 1,6 25.8 5 75 fifteen 10 1.8 29.0 6 75 fifteen 5 5 2,8 45,2 47.3 -2.1 7 75 5 twenty 1,6 14.5 8 75 fifteen 10 2,8 25.5 9 75 fifteen 5 5 6.6 60.0 36.3 +23.7 10 75 5 twenty 1,2 14.1 eleven 75 fifteen 10 1.9 22.4 12 75 fifteen 5 5 5,4 63.5 33.3 +30.2 13 75 5 twenty 1,2 21.1 fourteen 75 fifteen 10 1.8 31.6 fifteen 75 fifteen 5 5 2.7 47.3 46.0 +1.3 16 75 5 twenty 1,2 11.8 17 75 fifteen 10 2.5 24.5 eighteen 75 fifteen 5 5 6.5 63.7 33,4 +30.3

table 2 The results of field trials of herbicides in barley crops No. of examples Inhibition of weeds,% Barley Harvest Juvenile broadleaf Perennial root shoots C / ha + - one 65 61 20.9 +0.4 2 78 64 21,2 +0.7 3 94 89 22.8 +2.3 four 65 59 20.8 +0.3 5 68 60 20.8 +0.3 6 62 58 20.7 +0.2 7 64 62 21.0 +0.5 8 79 68 21,4 +0.9 9 96 90 23.0 +2.5 10 68 74 21,4 +0.9 eleven 72 78 21.5 +1.0 12 90 92 22.9 +2.4 13 69 70 21.3 +0.8 fourteen 64 72 21.5 +1.0 fifteen 62 70 21,2 +0.7 16 68 73 21,4 +0.9 17 72 75 21.5 +1.0 eighteen 92 95 23.5 +3.0 The control 20.5

Table 3 The results of field trials of herbicidal preparations in wheat crops No. of examples Inhibition of weeds,% Wheat crop Juvenile broadleaf Perennial root shoots C / ha + - one 64 59 18.8 +0.4 2 79 62 19.1 +0.7 3 95 88 20.9 +2.5 four 64 60 18.9 +0.5 5 67 59 18.7 +0.3 6 63 57 18.6 +0.2 7 65 61 19.1 +0.7 8 78 65 19.2 +0.8 9 95 91 21.1 +2.7 10 69 73 19.2 +0.8 eleven 71 77 19,4 +1.0 12 93 93 21,2 +2.8 13 62 70 19.3 +0.9 fourteen 65 71 19.3 +0.9 fifteen 64 69 19.2 +0.8 16 70 72 19,4 +1.0 17 72 76 19,4 +1.0 eighteen 94 96 21.7 +3.3 The control 18,4

Claims (1)

A method for determining the synergistic effect of surfactants in dispersed herbicidal systems, comprising mixing the active substance, the first surfactant (surfactant I) with an organic solvent, separately mixing the active substance with a second surfactant (surfactant II) and an organic solvent, separately mixing the active substance with a mixture of these two surfactants and an organic solvent, separate emulsification of the obtained concentrates in water, determination of the half-life of the emulsion half-life of the obtained emulsions in hours, the expression of these indicators in percent (% of actual PES) and the calculation of the synergism by the formula
% fact.PPE -% calculated PES
where% calculated PES =% actual PES surfactant I +% actual PES SAW II -
(% of actual. PES of surfactants I ×% of actual. PES of surfactants II): 100.