RU2388998C2 - Method for detection of grain size composition in crushed rock of mines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method for detection of crushed rock grain size composition in mines includes application of photoplanogram of crushed rock surface and detection of grain size composition by means of classification into size grades. On surface of fallen rock mass dump in mine in any available space an intentionally oriented scaling rectangle is placed with intentionally selected lengths of sides. Then photographed at any angle, photoplanogram is introduced into computer to form a quadrangular design contour of intentional size, which is not related to dimensions and location of scaling rectangle. Areas of rock pieces are contoured, size grades are set within the limits of design contour, using software, grain size composition of crushed rock is determined by size grades of rock pieces areas ratio to area of design contour.

EFFECT: improved accuracy of grain size composition detection and reduced labour intensiveness of photoplanograms processing.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to the open development of mineral deposits.

A known linear method for measuring particle size distribution (particle size) directly on the surface of the collapse using a measuring tape [1].

On the surface of the crushed rock impose a measuring tape with divisions. The collapse of the crushed rock with a measuring tape is photographed. The photoplanogram determines the number and length of pieces along the line of their intersection with a measuring tape. Dividing by the size classes of the ratios of the lengths of intersected pieces to the length of the measuring tape, the granulosity of the crushed rock is determined [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of measurements of the particle size distribution of crushed rock in quarries, the danger of moving people along the collapse of the broken rock mass, the low-tech method in quarries. If the measuring tape crosses the corner of a piece of rock with an area of 1 m ² and its length on the piece is equal to 1 decimeter, 1 square decimeter will be taken as the calculated size of this piece, i.e. the size of the piece will be underestimated a hundred times.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the determination of the composition of grains by photoplanograms with a lattice of 1 m ² superimposed on the surface of the crushed rock.

The area of pieces of rock in this method is determined by the size of the lattice cells or using a palette. The method is applicable for small surface areas of crushed rock. It is not technologically advanced in the quarry due to the unrepresentation of the area under the lattice in relation to the area of rock collapse on the ledges of the quarry, the area of which is measured in hundreds of square meters. The use of large-area gratings or the manufacture of hundreds of photoplanograms for one block is not technologically advanced.

The disadvantages of this definition of granular composition are the impossibility of its use on an industrial scale in quarries due to the small representativeness of the cultivated area for quarry conditions, due to the panoramic distortion of the sizes of pieces in a large area photoplanogram and the lack of methods for automatically converting the distorted sizes of pieces in a photoplanogram to true sizes.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a technologically advanced method for determining the composition for industrial quarry conditions, ensuring the accuracy of determining the composition, the use of photoplanograms with panoramically distorted sizes of pieces of rock, reducing the complexity of processing photoplanograms, automation of all calculation operations.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the surface of the collapse of the broken rock in the quarry, in any accessible place, an arbitrarily oriented scaling rectangle with arbitrarily selected lengths of sides is laid, the rock collapse is photographed at any angle, a photoplanogram is entered into a computer, a quadrangular design contour of any size is formed on it and positions, outline the areas of the pieces of rock, specify the size classes, within the design contour, using a computer program, calculate t of granular composition of crushed rock by assigning the areas of contoured pieces of rock to the area of the calculated contour. All settlement operations are performed in an automated mode.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a panoramic photoplanogram obtained in a quarry with a scaling rectangle inserted into a computer. Figure 2 shows a panoramic photoplanogram with a scaling rectangle, with a calculated contour and with contoured areas of pieces of rock.

The method for determining the granular composition of crushed rock in quarries contains: panoramic photoplanogram 1, scaling rectangle 2, scaling points 3, corner points of the calculated contour 4, calculated contour 5, control elements of the program 6, panoramic photoplanogram with the contoured areas of the pieces of rock 7, a table of specified particle size classes 8 , grading table 9, scroll bar 10.

The determination of the composition of the photoplanograms is implemented as follows. In a quarry, a scaling rectangle 2 is laid on the rock collapse, a part of the rock collapse is photographed. A panoramic photoplanogram 1 with a scaling rectangle is inserted into the computer. The scaling points 3 are combined with the corners of the scaling rectangle 2. The angular points of the design loop 4 are placed at the corners of the design loop 5.

Using control teams 6 perform contouring of the areas of large pieces of rock. Include the size command, then the "calculate" command. Include the koordinats command and specify the size classes 8. Click the apply command. After the calculations are automatically performed, a table with the calculated composition of grades 9 appears on the screen. When specifying more than four size classes, the entire grading table is viewed using the scroll bars 10.

Sequence listing

1 - panoramic photoplanogram;

2 - scaling rectangle;

3 - scaling points;

4 - corner points of the design loop;

5 - design loop;

6 - control elements of the program;

7 - panoramic photoplanogram with contoured areas of pieces;

8 - set classes of fineness;

9 is a table of granular composition;

10 - scroll bar.

Information sources

1. Baron L.I. Lumpiness and methods for its measurement. M., ed. USSR Academy of Sciences, 1960, 123 p.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the granulometric composition of crushed rock in quarries, including the use of a photoplanogram of the surface of the crushed rock and determining the particle size distribution by size distribution, with an arbitrarily oriented scaling rectangle with arbitrarily selectable lengths of sides located on the surface of the collapse of the broken rock mass in the quarry take pictures at any angle, enter the photoplanogram into a computer, form a quadrangular design on it loop of an arbitrary size that is not associated with the size and location of a refinement of the rectangle, contoured area rock pieces define classes of coarseness, within the calculating circuit using a computer program determine the particle size distribution of fractured rocks diversity of size classes area ratios rock pieces to the calculated area of the loop.

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