RU2388645C1 - Uncoupler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine equipment and can be sued to separate floatable device from subwater object by remote means. Proposed uncoupler comprises bush with one or several holes, top and bottom bases jointed with uncoupled elements and arranged above and below aforesaid bush. Said bases are jointed together by inserts fitted in bush holes. Said inserts are made from thermosetting material and furnished with heating elements. Heating elements are heated at required moment to melt said inserts. Note here that top base is separated from bottom base.

EFFECT: possibility to use uncoupler at various depths, simplified design.

10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to disconnectors and can be used, in particular, in underwater technical means for research, geological and other underwater operations.

Mechanical breakers are widely known in which the trigger is fixed using a soluble element in sea water, such as pressed sugar, for example, according to the application RU 2004106506, IPC B63B 22/00, publication 08/10/2005.

Explosive devices ignited by electric current are also known to destroy parts of the clutch of the pop-up devices with the anchor. Such circuit breakers are unsafe during storage and operation.

The underwater isolator according to patent RU 2107001, IPC BV 22/14, publication 03.20.1998, contains a chamber divided into upper and lower cylinders, filled with air at atmospheric pressure, and a valve mechanism. The valve mechanism is triggered by the action of an electromagnet and allows sea water to enter the internal air cavity of the circuit breaker. External and internal pressures are equalized and the circuit breaker trips.

According to the description of patent RU 2107001, an electrolytic disconnector is known in which the anchor through the lever system is held by a stainless steel wire loop. At a signal, electric current from an electric battery is passed through sea water. The loop metal is electrochemically dissolved, as a result of which the rod is removed from the lever system and the anchor is given.

The connecting device according to the patent RU (11) 2209359, IPC F16L 19/08, publication July 27, 2003, contains female and male parts, on the surfaces of which are made matching annular recesses in which rings of material with a shape memory effect are installed, with different recovery temperatures shape memory. When the rings are heated, the rings change their shape and allow the parts to separate.

The closest is the design of the disconnector according to the patent DE 4227717, IPC B63B 22/10, publication 9.12.1993, the disconnector contains a mechanical system containing levers that are connected to the trigger element in the form of a plastic twisted thread. An igniter nozzle is directed at the plastic thread. The destruction of the plastic thread occurs under the influence of the high temperature of the igniter, the levers release the parts of the disconnector.

All considered devices are quite difficult to manufacture and operate. In addition, they cannot be used at different depths without reconfiguration.

The claimed invention solves the technical problem of creating a simple and effective device circuit breaker.

The disconnector includes a sleeve with a hole or holes, upper and lower bases associated with separable elements and located respectively above and below the sleeve, the bases being rigidly interconnected by an insert or inserts located in said holes of the sleeve. The inserts are made of thermoplastic material and equipped with heating elements.

The bases are intended for fastening to them separable parts or modules. The heating elements located in the inserts of thermoplastic material at the right time heat up and melt the inserts. The connection between the upper and lower base is broken and under the influence of the force applied to the disconnector in its axial direction, the bases with part of the remaining inserts come out of the bushings. Thus, the opening is carried out.

The terms “upper base” and “lower base” need not be understood as an orientation in space, but in such a way that a tensile force is immediately applied to each base or both. In the case of underwater devices, as a rule, a breaking force is applied to the upper base.

The upper base, lower base and inserts can be made as a whole by pouring. For easier opening, requiring little effort, the sleeve and inserts are adjacent non-adhesive surfaces relative to each other.

To simplify the manufacture of the structure and reduce the opening force of the bore of the sleeve and the said inserts can be made in the form of bodies of revolution, in particular made of conical, tapering to the lower base.

In the case of the conical shape of the inserts, it is advisable to arrange the heating elements in the lower part of the inserts, so that the material melts faster and requires less energy for heating.

In particular, the heating elements can be made of wire, which is heated by the passage of electric current.

In order to heat the material of the inserts faster, the heating elements can be made sinusoidal or spiral.

The upper and / or lower base may be provided with connecting elements, for example brackets. The sleeve may include a belt located on its outer surface, for embedding the sleeve in one of the opening devices.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the circuit breaker, figure 2 is a cross section of the circuit breaker along aa, and figure 3 is a section along bb. In FIG. a cutaway section is shown with a different implementation of the inserts.

The disconnector (Fig.1-3) includes a sleeve 1 of thermosetting plastic with holes. The upper base 2, the lower base 3, rigidly interconnected by inserts 4 located in the holes of the sleeve 1, are made of thermoplastic plastic. The base 2 and 3 and insert 4 in this embodiment are made as a single unit by pouring. The sleeve and the bases with inserts are made of non-adhesive material relative to each other. The inserts 4 are equipped with heating elements 5 made of wire, which is heated by the passage of electric current. The heating elements 5 have a spiral shape for faster heating of the insert 4. The heating elements 5 are provided with leads 9. The upper base 2 in this embodiment is equipped with a connecting element, a bracket 7. On the sleeve 1 there is a belt 6 for installing the sleeve 1 of the disconnector in the body of the element, in which sleeve 1 can be fixed.

The disconnector can be made by pouring the thermoplastic material into the mold in which the sleeve and the heater with the leads are fixed. At the same time, upper, lower bases and inserts are formed immediately as a whole.

The disconnector operates as follows.

The disconnector is installed between the workload, for example, it links the ballast and the pop-up module. When it is necessary to separate the ballast from the module, electric current is passed through the heating elements 5. The heating elements 5, installed inside the inserts 4, heat up and melt the parts of the inserts 4. As a result, the inserts 4 are divided into two parts, the upper part of the cone head 4 together with the upper base 2 comes out of contact with the sleeve 1. Disconnection occurs with minimal energy consumption.

This design of the disconnector can be produced in various sizes, in various modifications, depending on the intended purpose. The disconnector can be used in various fields, not only for underwater equipment.

Claims (10)

1. A disconnector comprising a sleeve with a hole or holes, upper and lower bases located respectively above and below the sleeve, the bases are rigidly interconnected by an insert or inserts located in the said holes of the sleeve and made of thermoplastic material, while the inserts are equipped with heating elements. 2. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the said upper base, lower base and inserts are made as a whole by pouring. 3. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that said sleeve and said inserts have adjacent non-adhesive surfaces relative to each other. 4. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the said bore holes and said inserts are made in the form of bodies of revolution. 5. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the said bore holes and said inserts are made conical, tapering to the lower base. 6. The disconnector according to claim 5, characterized in that the said heating elements are located in the lower part of the inserts. 7. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the said heating elements are made of wire, which is heated by the passage of electric current. 8. The disconnector according to claim 7, characterized in that the heating elements are made sinusoidal or spiral. 9. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the said upper and / or lower base is equipped with connecting elements. 10. The disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the said sleeve includes a girdle located on its outer surface.

Images