RU2386481C1 - Magnetic separator with variable magnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for removal of ferromagnetic metal particles from granulated loose materials. Magnetic separator comprises body in the form of rotary nonmagnetic drum, two magnetic systems arranged in it with permanent magnets arranged with the possibility to vary intensity of magnetic field developed by them. Drum is equipped with shaft and magnetic systems installed on both sides of shaft with the possibility to vary position relative to side inner surface of drum. Shaft is rigidly connected to body element in the form of frame, two sides of which are perpendicular, and two - parallel to shaft. At the latter there are two yokes installed, in every of which there is a magnetic system fixed, comprising a unit of permanent magnets. Yoke is arranged in the form of sector element with back wall parallel to side surface of drum, and two sides walls, which are perpendicular to axis of drum, each side wall of yoke is equipped with rectangular and round cuts. Guides of square shape are pulled via rectangular cuts with clearance and equipped with limiters in the form of two forks that serve for adjustment of yoke travel relative to side surface of drum and perpendicular to its axis, between back wall and guides of yoke there are cam shafts installed with two eccentrics, which interact with forks of guides. Each cam shaft is installed with the possibility of rotation in two holders, which are rigidly joined to walls of frame, parallel to shaft. Shaft of drum is installed with the possibility of rotation around its axis at the moment of magnetic systems adjustment for their setting into working position. Length of rectangular slot in yoke wall is designed so that angle of cam axis rotation makes 180°.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of separation.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention is intended to remove ferromagnetic metal particles from granular bulk materials and can be widely used in mining, glass, food, light, chemical and other industries.

A magnetic separator is known, including a non-magnetic drum mounted for rotation, a bath, loading and unloading devices, a magnetic system located inside the drum, made in the form of permanent magnets of rectangular shape mounted on a magnetic circuit, while it is equipped with rectangular magnets fixed to the surface and made in the form of rectangular prisms with additional magnets, with the main and additional magnets made with the same magnetic polarity, and the prisms of the additional GOVERNMENTAL magnets are made of smaller width than the main magnets and are installed in a radial direction with a gap between them

(RF patent for the invention No. 2319549, MKI B03C 1/10; publication date. 2008.03.20).

A known unit of the magnetic separator system, containing packages of plates of permanent magnets located in the longitudinal direction, and each package has a ferromagnetic base and a plate mounted on this base, while the package contains exclusively a ferromagnetic base and one plate, each plate in the block is a high-energy a magnet, which is made on the basis of rare-earth elements, the side of the plate facing the working area of the separator has several faces or rounding for the sake of mustache, and each plate is installed in the grooves formed by the ferromagnetic base and non-magnetic sides, which are adjacent to the side faces of the magnetic plate (RF patent for PM No. 72644, MKI B03C 1/00, date publ. 2008.04.27).

Known magnetic separator analyzer, comprising a magnetic system made of permanent magnets with the possibility of rotation with an adjustable frequency, while the axis of rotation of the magnetic system is vertical and coincides with the axis of a cylinder made of non-magnetic material with the possibility of changing its diameter by expanding the cut along its lateral surface (RF patent for PM No. 72879, MKI B03C 1/12, date of publication. 2008.05.10).

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a multi-chamber magnetic separator with a traveling field, containing a separation chamber located vertically between two non-magnetic disks, on which 4 magnets are mounted radially at an angle of 90 ° with the same magnetic polarity and magnetic moments of one disk directed towards the magnetic moments of another disk with the possibility of changing the frequency of their rotation, while the separator is equipped with several separation chambers, and the magnetic system made of magnetic blocks placed along an arc of a disk circle of 360 ° with alternating magnetic polarity at a distance between the blocks less than their width, and the blocks located on both sides of the separation chamber and located on the same line have a co-directional arrangement of magnetic induction vectors (RF patent for PM No. 72880, IPC V03C 1/12, date of publication 2008.05.10).

The disadvantages of the above technical solutions include the low selectivity of separation due to the inefficient use of magnetic blocks with alternating magnetic polarity, due to which, when the drum rotates, a magnetic field with inhomogeneous tension is created.

The technical result includes increasing the efficiency of separation of materials through the use of magnetic systems with the ability to move them to adjust the gap relative to the drum and their optimal orientation with respect to the flow of processed bulk materials, which allows to increase the productivity of the device and high selectivity of separation of the separated materials.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field includes a housing in the form of a rotating non-magnetic drum. The drum is equipped with a shaft and magnetic systems with permanent magnets located with the possibility of changing the intensity of the magnetic field created by them. Magnetic systems are installed on both sides of the shaft with the possibility of changing position relative to the side inner surface of the drum. The shaft is rigidly connected to the housing element in the form of a frame, two walls of which are perpendicular, and two parallel to the shaft, with two yokes installed on the latter. In each yoke, a magnetic system is fixed, containing a block of permanent magnets. The yoke is made in the form of a sector element with a rear wall parallel to the side surface of the drum, and two side walls perpendicular to the axis of the drum. Each side wall of the yoke is provided with rectangular and round cutouts. Through rectangular cutouts, square guides are passed with a gap, equipped with limiters in the form of two forks, which serve to regulate the yoke course relative to the side surface of the drum and perpendicular to its axis. Between the rear wall and the yoke guides, cam shafts with two eccentrics that interact with the forks of the guides are installed parallel to them. Each cam shaft is rotatably disposed in two holders rigidly connected to the frame walls parallel to the shaft. The drum shaft is mounted to rotate around its axis at the time of setting up the magnetic systems to set them to the working position, and the length of the rectangular groove in the yoke is designed so that the angle of rotation of the cam axis is equal to 180 °. The magnetic magnetic field separator is equipped with a feed tray and a material flow divider.

Magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field is illustrated in figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Figure 1 - magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field is a General view in section;

figure 2 - magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field - a shaft and a frame with two cam axes (one axis in the working and the other in the inoperative position);

figure 3 - magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field - yoke;

figure 4 - magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field - cam axis. 5 is a sectional view of a magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field (a mechanism for adjusting the magnetic system is shown).

According to figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field comprises a housing in the form of a rotating non-magnetic drum 1, inside of which a shaft 2 and two magnetic systems 3 located on both sides of it, a shaft 2 are mounted is rigidly connected to the housing element in the form of a frame 4, two walls of which are perpendicular to the shaft 2, and two are parallel, with two yokes 5 installed on the latter, each of them has a magnetic system 3 containing a block of permanent magnets, while yoke 5 is made in the form of a sector element with s days wall 6 parallel to the side surface of the drum, and two side walls 7 perpendicular to the axis of the drum 1. Each side wall 7 of the yoke 5 is provided with a rectangular 8 and round 9 cutouts, square guides 10 are provided with a gap with a limiter in the form of two forks 11, which serve to control the stroke of the yoke 5 relative to the side surface of the drum and perpendicular to its axis, between the rear wall 6 and the guides 10 of the yoke 5 parallel to them are mounted cam shafts 12 with two eccentrics 13, which interact with the forks 11 of the guides 10, in turn, each cam shaft 12 is rotatably disposed in two holders 14, rigidly connected to the frame wall parallel to the shaft, using an angle 15.

In addition, a magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field is equipped with a feed tray 16 and a material flow divider 17.

The principle of operation of a magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field:

the magnetic system 3 of each yoke 5 in the working position is set to the required working gap Δ. The working gap is adjusted using a socket wrench through round cutouts 9 of the side walls 7 of the yoke 5, combined with the same cutouts in the flange of the non-magnetic drum 1.

During installation of the magnetic systems 3 in the working position, the yoke 5 has the ability to move along rectangular grooves 8 using a square guide 10, interacting through its forks 11 with the corresponding cam shafts 12, which allows you to set the required clearance Δ between the surface of the magnetic system 3 and the working surface rotating non-magnetic drum. Then, the source material is fed uniformly through the feed tray 16 to the working part of the rotating drum 1, inside which a corresponding yoke 5 is fixed on the shaft 2, which is stationary during the operation of the separator, on the square guides 10, each with its own magnetic system 3, which creates a variable magnetic field when the drum rotates, which improves the separation efficiency and selectivity of the separation process. In this case, the magnetic impurities are attracted by the magnetic field created by the corresponding magnetic system 3 to the surface of the non-magnetic drum 1 and rotate with it until they leave the zone of influence of the magnetic field, after which they fall into the zone of the divider 17. In turn, the non-magnetic impurities under the influence of gravity and inertia forces from the surface of a non-magnetic drum fall into the zone for non-magnetic impurities.

The use of a magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field proposed as an invention helps to increase the separation efficiency and selectivity of the separation of granular bulk materials.

Claims (2)

1. A magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field, comprising a housing in the form of a rotating non-magnetic drum, two magnetic systems with permanent magnets located therein, arranged to change the intensity of the magnetic field created by them, characterized in that the drum is provided with a shaft and magnetic systems installed with two sides of the shaft with the possibility of changing position relative to the side inner surface of the drum, the shaft is rigidly connected to the housing element in the form of a frame, two walls of which are perp are endicular and two are parallel to the shaft, with two yokes installed on the latter, in each of them a magnetic system containing a block of permanent magnets is fixed, while the yoke is made in the form of a sector element with a back wall parallel to the side surface of the drum and two side walls perpendicular to the axis drum, each side wall of the yoke is equipped with rectangular and round cutouts, square-shaped guides with limiters in the form of two forks serving for p walking the yoke relative to the side surface of the drum and perpendicular to its axis, between the rear wall and the yoke guides there are parallel cam shafts with two eccentrics that interact with the forks of the guides, in turn, each cam shaft is rotatable in two holders, rigidly connected with the walls of the frame parallel to the shaft, the drum shaft, in turn, is mounted with the possibility of rotation around its axis at the time of tuning the magnetic systems for installation in the working position, and the length of the rectangular groove in the yoke wall is designed so that the angle of rotation of the cam axis is equal to 180 °. 2. A magnetic separator with a variable magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a feed tray and a material flow divider.

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