RU2383750C2 - Double-fuel injection internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ICE, particularly to combustion mixture formation. Proposed engine comprises cylinder with head, piston, spark plug and nozzle. Fuel is injected two times. Poor fuel mixture is, first, injected into cylinder to be compressed therein. Then nozzle makes second fuel injection. Fuel is injected two times in all operating conditions of the engine directly by high-pressure injection nozzle. First injection occurs in suction with formation of poor or very poor fuel mix. Second injection is initiated along with ignition of fuel mix.

EFFECT: higher efficiency thanks to higher compression ratio and optimised fuel combustion.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines (ICE), in particular to the formation of a working combustible mixture in a combustion chamber.

An internal combustion engine converts the thermal energy of fuel into mechanical energy. Known piston internal combustion engine [1], containing a cylinder sealed on one side with a cylinder head with intake and exhaust valves. A piston is placed in the cylinder, connected to a crank mechanism. The combustible mixture or air is supplied (sucked) into the sealed part of the cylinder and compressed by the piston to a certain value, after which the combustible mixture is ignited by a spark plug - a carburetor engine, if the air is sucked in, it heats up to the temperature necessary for ignition and is injected into it the amount of fuel is a diesel engine. The combustion of fuel causes a significant increase in temperature and, consequently, pressure above the piston, which causes the piston to move in the opposite direction with great effort and perform useful work, as well as work to carry out auxiliary cycles: exhaust, suction and compression due to the energy stored in the flywheel during working time.

A disadvantage of the known ICE design is the low efficiency of 35-45%, which can be increased by increasing the degree of compression and the rate of combustion of the combustible mixture.

A carburetor internal combustion engine with a pre-chamber [2] is known, in which a poor combustible mixture is fed into the cylinder, which allows to increase the compression ratio to 12-16, a rich mixture is fed into the pre-chamber, in total giving the optimal working, which is ignited by the spark plug and under considerable pressure through the nozzle of the pre-chamber ignites the poor in the combustion chamber, accelerating the combustion process and its quality, which increased the engine efficiency by 15-16%.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the carburetor device, as well as the very principle of obtaining a working mixture, and the coking capacity of the nozzles of the chamber, and therefore low reliability.

Known engine with two nozzles [3], in which fuel is injected with two nozzles of conventional and direct injection, depending on the mode of operation. When the engine starts, a low-pressure nozzle injects into the cylinder, forming a poor combustible mixture, which is compressed, and an additional amount of fuel is injected into it.

When switching from small to medium loads, both nozzles inject fuel simultaneously at the suction stroke. In the established mode of operation, the injection is carried out by a high-pressure nozzle in the suction stroke (intake).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the non-use of the possibility of increasing the compression ratio of the poor combustible mixture under all operating conditions and, as a result, the incomplete possibility of increasing the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

The objective of the invention is the creation of internal combustion engines with dual fuel injection, providing the formation of a poor or very poor combustible mixture in the cylinder, compressing it to a maximum value with the injection of additional fuel corresponding to the desired mode of operation into the combustion chamber at the time of ignition.

The objective of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that in the known internal combustion engine with a double fuel injection containing a cylinder with a head, a piston, a spark plug and a nozzle, moreover, fuel is injected twice, the first fuel injection into the cylinder is carried out with the formation of a poor fuel mixture, after of which the lean fuel mixture is compressed and a second fuel injection by the nozzle occurs, according to the claimed invention, fuel is injected twice in all engine operating modes by the nozzle sredstvenno high pressure injection, the first injection occurs at the suction to form a poor or very poor mixture, the second injection is carried out with simultaneous ignition of the combustible mixture labor.

Comparison of the claimed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this technical field did not allow us to identify in them features that are similar to the essential distinguishing features in the inventive internal combustion engine, which means that the claimed solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a cross section of an internal combustion engine with double fuel injection into the cylinder. Figure 1 - a classic piston ICE, Figure 2 - pendulum ICE.

The dual-fuel internal combustion engine consists of a cylinder with a head 1, a piston 2, a high-pressure nozzle 3, and a spark plug 4.

The dual-fuel internal combustion engine works as follows: the piston moves down - air is sucked in. At its position close to bottom dead center, the first injection of fuel occurs, ensuring the formation of a poor or very poor combustible mixture, which is compressed to the maximum allowable compression ratio. When the piston approaches the top dead center, a second fuel injection occurs, in total with the first one providing the required mode of operation. The injection is performed simultaneously with the ignition of the mixture, the piston travels, the piston moves to the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve opens, after which the piston moves to the top dead center, the exhaust gas is ejected. Then the piston moves to bottom dead center, air is sucked into the cylinder - the process repeats.

The use of the claimed inventions will allow due to design features to improve the quality of formation of the combustible mixture, significantly increase the degree of compression, increase the rate of combustion, which will increase the efficiency by 10-16%.

Information sources

1. V.M. Semenov, V.N. Vlasenko. Tractor. M .: VO Agropromizdat, 1989.

2. S. M. Davidovich. The device of tractors and cars. L .: Selkhozizdat, 1960, p. 14.

3. The magazine behind the wheel, 2006, No. 10, p. 288.

Claims (1)

A dual-fuel internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder with a head, a piston, a spark plug and an injector, the fuel being injected twice, the first fuel injected into the cylinder forming a lean fuel mixture, after which the lean fuel mixture is compressed and a second fuel injector injects characterized in that the fuel injection is carried out twice in all engine operating modes with a high pressure direct injection nozzle, wherein the first injection occurs upon suction SRI to form a poor or very poor mixture, the second injection is carried out with simultaneous ignition of the combustible mixture labor.

Images