RU2382839C1 - Method for preparation of ribbon from fibre in process of spining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile, fibre.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to textile industry and may be used in spinning production at pneumatic-mechanical spinning machines. Method for preparation of ribbon from fibre in process of spinning includes preliminary moistening and processing of ribbon. Preliminary moistening is carried out by supply of moist air with specified moisture content in process of pneumatic-mechanical spinning from bottom (lower part) of basin with ribbon-semifinished product through ribbon fibre till its outlet (top) from basin and further to technological zone of spinning, then to openings of suction in air duct for return (recirculation) of spent air and further additional moistening and air preparation at spinning machine. Speed of moist air at outlet of basin with ribbon-semifinished product into zone of spinning is more or equal to speed of ribbon supply to zone of spinning.

EFFECT: provision of optimal parametres of microclimate in zone of spinner work and reduced breakage of yarn.

2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the textile industry and can be used in spinning on pneumomechanical spinning machines.

A known method of preparing fibrous material for spinning [A.S. No. 453458 USSR, MKI D01H 13/30, D01G 37/00. A method of preparing fibrous material for spinning / V.N. Pirogov, A.A. Kalyagin, Z.M. Kazakevich; applicants V.N. Pirogov, A.A. Kalyagin, Z.M. Kazakevich. - No. 1947401 / 28-12, declared 12/30/73; publ. 12/15/74. Bull. No. 46], in which the fiber before combing is treated with steam and emulsion at the same time.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is a method of preparing a tape of wool fiber in spinning, including preliminary wetting of the fibers, in which the fiber is moistened with water heated to a temperature of 30-35 ° C in an amount of 25-30% by weight of the fiber [A.S. No. 578375 USSR, IPC D01G 37/00. A method of preparing a ribbon of woolen fiber in spinning / P.M. Panin, T.I. Leontiev, K.S. Simakov; applicant Moscow Textile Institute. - No. 2343535 / 28-12, declared 03/29/76; publ. 10.30.77. Bull. No. 40].

Moistening of the feed tape during the rotor spinning process significantly affects the structure of the yarn, improves its physical and mechanical properties. In conditions of good access of moist air to the fiber, which is not in a compressed, but in a loose state, 2-6 hours are enough to achieve the conditional sorption equilibrium, the fiber moisture corresponding to the sorption equilibrium (equilibrium fiber moisture) depends not only on the fiber structure and their properties, but also on the parameters of the air environment where the fiber is located: its temperature, relative humidity. When changing the parameters of the air environment in which the fiber is located, the equilibrium moisture content of the fiber changes. For example, the equilibrium moisture content of a fiber in an air environment where 95% relative humidity almost doubles compared to 55% relative humidity at the same temperature. And for fibers of various hygroscopicities - each type of fiber in the air with its specific parameters has its own equilibrium moisture. Thus, each batch (sorting) of semi-finished products should have its own optimal parameters of the spinning process, which should not change during the process.

It is known that the least breakage of the yarn in spinning was obtained at a temperature of 24 ° C and a relative humidity of 85%. However, high relative humidity negatively affects the well-being of workers and their productivity. For the pneumomechanical machine BD-200, the air temperature in the workshop is 22-27 ° C and the relative humidity is 57-63%. But this is a compromise regime that allows deviation from optimal microclimate parameters of the technological zone of the spinning machine (24 ° С, 85%) due to increased breakage of the yarn, that is, reduced productivity of the machine, which is a drawback, but corresponding to the parameters of the regulatory microclimate of the spinner’s working zone. However, to create such climatic conditions, a powerful ventilation system with air conditioning is required: it is recommended to remove ~ 3600 m ³ / hour of exhaust air from one machine. Accordingly, the same amount of conditioned air must be supplied to the workshop, plus air flow through the workshop's overall air conditioning system.

Known methods for achieving the established moisture standards for fibers of a particular sorting composition in a dagger are not effective due to the fact that the fiber in the workshop after the dagger while waiting for processing, for example cotton, gives up moisture faster than it absorbs it in the dagger. In addition, the air parameters created by the general workshop air conditioning system and the humidification system cannot simultaneously correspond to the optimal microclimate parameters of the technological zone of the spinning machine and the parameters of the regulatory microclimate of the spinner's working zone.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the stability of the spinning process with a decrease in the level of breakage, to improve the microclimate of the working area of the spinner.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of preparing a ribbon of fiber in spinning, which consists in preliminary wetting and processing of the tape, according to the invention, preliminary moistening is carried out by supplying moist air with a given moisture content during the process of rotor spinning from the bottom (bottom) of the pelvis with a prefabricated tape through the ribbon fiber to the exit (top) from the pelvis and further to the technological spinning zone, then to the exhaust holes in the duct for return (recycling) of air and further post-humidification and air handling during spinning machine, the moist air velocity at the outlet of the pelvis with ribbon semifinished product in the spinning zone is greater than or equal to the strip conveying speed in the spinning zone.

This result is achieved because the preparation and recirculation of air is used, as well as saturation of the fiber of the tape for spinning to the required equilibrium humidity outside the breathing zone of the workers, but directly during spinning, in the interval from the bottom (bottom) of the pelvis to the exit (top) of the pelvis, while maintaining the speed of moist air at the outlet (top) of the pelvis with the prefabricated tape into the spinning zone of a greater than or equal to the feed rate of the tape into the spinning zone allows you to maintain the necessary tape moisture until immediately spinning in the spinning device of the machine, in the interval from the exit from the pelvis (top) to the sampling device, while the fiber of the tape does not have time to lose equilibrium moisture until the yarn is formed in the spinning device, the stability of the spinning process is increased and the level of yarn breakage is reduced, and the optimal microclimate parameters in the spinning zone, subject to the normative working conditions of the spinner, are maintained.

Figure 1 shows the site of air conditioning, figure 2 is a General layout of the nodes of the device for implementing the method.

An example of the practical implementation of the method

The air is preliminarily adjusted to the specified moisture content in the air preparation unit in the bubbler 1, in which the set water level is maintained using the ball valve 2, the water is heated to the set temperature by the electric heater 3. The fan 4 is turned on and, using the shutters 5, the valves 6, which are closed in the absence of installed for processing basins 7 with a prefabricated ribbon, tees 8, 9 of the pipeline 10 for additional air intake, through the perforated pipes 11 air in the form of bubbles floating in hot water, and then es eliminator 9 tee 12 and recycled to the fan 4 and then through tee 8 back into the bubbler 1. Movement of air through the annular route continues until a predetermined moisture readings 13 in the pipe 14 before the tee 9.

After installation for processing basins 7 with a prefabricated ribbon, the valves 6 in the supply duct 15 open and moist air with a given moisture content and a predetermined volume enters each basin 7 and passes through the fiber of the prefabricated ribbon from the bottom (bottom) of the basin 7 to the exit (top) basin 7 and further into the technological zone 16 to the sampling device of the spinning machine. During the passage of moist air through the fiber in the bowl 7, the moisture content of the air decreases, since part of the water from the air is absorbed by the fiber of the semi-finished product inside the bowl 7. When the fiber reaches equilibrium moisture inside the basins 7, this state of the fiber during the spinning process is supported by the readings of the moisture meters 13 the operation of the bubbler 1. Therefore, the moist air when leaving the basins 7 in the technological zone of spinning 16 has the optimal microclimate of the technological process. Then, through the holes 17 in the suction duct 18 and through the filter 19, air is supplied to maintain a predetermined humidity rate in the air preparation unit 20, i.e. apply air recirculation outside the breathing zone of workers. In this case, the velocity of the moist air at the outlet of the pelvis with the prefabricated tape into the spinning zone is maintained at a speed greater than or equal to the feed rate of the tape into the spinning zone. The damper 21, the ball valve 2 and the electric heater 13 according to the readings of the moisture meters 13 maintain a given moisture content of air in the supply duct 15.

Control over the transition of water (sorbent) from moist air to fiber (adsorbent) is carried out by air hygrometers, for example, the design of TsNIHBI-TSNIILK or the design of a doctor of technical sciences V.E.Savchenko installed in the ducts for supplying moist air into the basins with a prefabricated belt and in the duct for suctioning air from the technological zone of the spinning machine.

The technical results of the experiment are presented in table 1.

Table 1 No. p / p Name of indicator Prototype The inventive method one. Relative humidity at the bottom (bottom) of the pelvis,% 65 85 2. Air temperature at the entrance (bottom) of the pelvis, ° С 24 22 3. Relative humidity at the exit (top) of the pelvis,% 63 65 four. Air temperature at the exit (top) of the pelvis, ° С 27 24 5. The actual moisture content of the fiber tape,% 5.3 7.6 6. Breakage in spinning, arr / hour for 1000 cameras 139 98 7. The standard temperature in the working area of the spinner, ° C 17.5-25 8. Normative relative humidity in the spinner’s working area,% 15-75 7. Actual temperature in the working area of the spinner, ° С 27.5 24 8. Actual relative humidity in the working area of the spinner,% 76 63

From the above data it is seen that the proposed method will provide optimal microclimate parameters in the spinner’s work area in compliance with regulatory working conditions and the stability of the spinning process with a decrease in yarn breakage.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing a ribbon of fiber in spinning, which consists in pre-moistening and processing the tape, characterized in that the preliminary wetting is carried out by supplying moist air with a given moisture content during the rotor spinning process from the bottom (bottom) of the pelvis with the prefabricated tape through the tape fiber to the exit ( top) from the pelvis and further into the technological spinning zone, then to the suction holes in the duct to return (recirculate) the exhaust air and further humidification and air preparation and spinning machine, whereby the rate of moist air at the outlet of the pelvis with the semi-finished tape in the spinning zone is greater than or equal to the strip conveying speed in the spinning zone.

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