RU2381164C1 - Screw feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: screw feeder consists of feed bin (1) with charge hole (2), of shaft with screw (3), of casing (7) with unloading hole (8) and drive. In casing of feeder from opposite from unloading hole side it is implemented unloading hole (6), outfitted by cover (5), implemented flush with internal surface of feeder casing. Shaft with screw allows ability of reversive rotation and is outfitted from both sides by pneumatic blades (9), allowing in section shape of triangle.

EFFECT: there is provided unloading of the rest of bulk material from feeder without disassembling of connection element between unloading and loading holes.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of transportation of bulk materials. It can be used in chemical, construction and other industries.

The designs of a number of screw feeders are given by A. Grigoryev. in the book "Screw conveyors". - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1972. Several screw feeders are given in the Handbook "Scales and batchers, weight." - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1981 (pp. 90-91). As a rule, such feeders are built into one or another technological scheme for transporting bulk material from a storage hopper to a dispenser or other subsequent technological device. So, for example, such a feeder with a hopper is used in the dispenser of small additives presented in the catalog of the Tenzo-M enterprise on pages 26-27. This screw feeder is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of a screw feeder, taken as a prototype. After finishing work, a quantity of material usually remains in the feed hopper. These residues must be unloaded and equipment cleaned. Usually the material is produced by a screw through the discharge hatch in the container. To do this, pre-disconnect the standard connecting element connecting the feeder and the subsequent device (usually a flexible cloth or rubber sleeve), and connect it to the entrance hatch of the container. In many cases, the distance from the discharge hatch of the auger feeder to the loading hatch of the subsequent apparatus is very small due to the requirements of minimizing the height dimensions of technological installations. For this reason, it is difficult to place containers between devices for unloading material residues from a screw feeder. There is a need to have some kind of devices such as a special inclined trough or vibrotube, with which it is possible to unload the residues into containers. Thus, the unloading of material residues from the screw feeder is associated with a number of manual operations, the manufacture of special devices, significant labor costs, which increases the cost of operating the apparatus.

The technical task of this invention is to ensure the unloading of residues of bulk material from the screw feeder without disassembling the connecting element between the discharge hatch of the screw feeder and the loading hatch of the subsequent apparatus.

The technical result is achieved in that in the housing of the screw feeder, on the opposite side of the discharge hatch, a discharge hatch is made to remove residual bulk material from the hopper of the screw feeder. This unloading hatch during the normal operation of the screw feeder is closed by a cover made flush with the inner surface of the feeder housing. Before removing residues, this hatch is opened, a container is placed under it, reverse rotation of the screw is turned on, and residual material is removed from the feeder. The screw shaft on both sides is equipped with jack blades. The fender blades in the cross section have the shape of a triangle. Fender blades are designed to prevent access of bulk material to the bearing units of the screw shaft as during normal operation, i.e. with its direct rotation, and with the removal of residues, when the screw rotates in the opposite direction, i.e. when it is reversed.

The presence of the unloading hatch, the implementation of the auger with the possibility of its reverse rotation simplifies the operation of the screw feeder, reduces the complexity and costs of its maintenance.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The drawing schematically shows a screw feeder: 1 - hopper; 2 - loading hatch; 3 - shaft with a screw; 4 - feeder drive; 5 - cover; 6 - unloading hatch; 7 - feeder housing; 8 - unloading hatch; 9 - jacking blade.

The auger feeder consists of a hopper 1 with a loading hatch 2, a shaft with a screw 3, a drive 4, a feeder housing 7 with a unloading hatch 8 and a unloading hatch 6. The unloading hatch 6 has a cover 5. There are jack blades 9 at the ends of the shaft with a screw 3. the blades in cross section are in the shape of an equilateral triangle.

The initial state of the screw feeder before loading bulk material into it: the discharge hatch 8 is connected by a connecting element (usually a flexible sleeve) to the subsequent processing unit. The unloading hatch 6 is closed by a cover 5. After loading through the loading hatch 2 into the hopper 1 of the bulk material, a feeder drive 4 is turned on, which drives a shaft with a screw 3, which transports the material from the hopper 1 through the unloading hatch 8 to the subsequent processing unit. Unloading is performed according to a given program, depending on the technological process. Together with the shaft with the screw 3, the jacking blades 9 rotate, preventing the transported material from entering the bearing units. Since the baffle blades 9 in the cross section have the shape of a triangle, then in any direction of rotation of the shaft with the screw 3, the baffle blades direct the material in the direction opposite to the bearing assemblies.

Material is loaded into the hopper, as a rule, with a certain margin, and therefore, after unloading a predetermined amount of material, some part of it may remain in the screw feeder. At the end of the technological cycle, the feeder must be freed from the remaining material. For this, a container is placed under the unloading hatch 6, the lid 5 is removed, the shaft with the screw 3 is turned back and the remaining material is discharged through the unloading hatch 6 into the container, freeing the feeder from material residues. Since the discharge hatch 9 is also installed on the shaft with the screw 3 on the side of the unloading hatch 6, during the unloading of the residues they prevent the bulk material from entering the bearing assembly from the drive side of the feeder 4. The cover 5 is flush with the inner surface of the housing 7, which prevents accumulation bulk material in the unloading hatch 6 during operation and facilitates the removal of the cover 5 before unloading residual material through the hatch 6, because in this case, on the cover 5, before opening it, there is a minimum amount of powder. After unloading the residual material, the discharge hatch 6 is closed with a lid 5 and the screw feeder is ready for the next technological cycle.

Thus, the presence of an unloading hatch in the screw feeder to remove residual material, the installation of the screw with the possibility of reversible rotation, the presence of triangular cross-section blades on the screw shaft and the execution of the manhole cover flush with the inner surface of the feeder housing simplifies the operation of the feeder and reduces its maintenance costs.

The working drawings of the proposed screw feeder are developed. A prototype screw feeder was tested in the conditions of FSUE "NIIPM" with positive results.

Claims (1)

A screw feeder consisting of a feed hopper with a loading hatch, a shaft with a screw, a housing with an unloading hatch, a drive, characterized in that the shaft with a screw is made with the possibility of reversible rotation and is equipped on both sides with jack blades having a triangle shape in cross section, and the housing the feeder is equipped with an unloading hatch made on the opposite side of the unloading hatch, while the unloading hatch is equipped with a lid that is flush with the inner surface of the feeder body.