RU2379124C1 - Method of receiving of film flow of liquid substance and film-forming device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: in the method of receiving of film liquid substance flow, including tangential admission of liquid substance into area of its transformation, in transformation area there are created toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion of liquid substance, by means of which at movement of liquid substance by surface of created by it torus it is provided high-speed external layers of liquid substance into inner area of created by it torus, in which, at restriction of progressive driving direction of liquid substance, perpendicular to its axis, using keeping of moment of momentum, it is created high-speed revolute translational movement of liquid substance around axis of created by it torus, lengthwise torus axis, in one of direction of torus direction, with which it is formed on restricting surface uniform continuous film of liquid substance. In film-forming device including inleak chamber, one or several lead-in devices for feeding of substance inside the inleak chamber is tangential, implemented with constant or alternating by restricted sections, internal chamber, on the inner surface of which it is created film fluid flow, the latter is implemented from damped by transformed into film by material liquid, and inside the inleak chamber it is formed toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion, cavity of inleak chamber is implemented in the form of toroid, external shell of inleak chamber is implemented as hollow, closed from both butts by covers, from one butt cover is implemented as blind, in the middle of cover of other butt it is implemented through opening, inner chamber, implemented as hollow, with open butts of less diametre, it is located inside the external shell of inleak chamber, co-axial to it, and connected by its external surface to edges of cover opening of external envelope of inleak chamber so that one of its butts projects chamber's sides of cover with opening, and between other butt and blind cover of external envelope of receiving chamber it is a gap, herewith external surface of inner chamber is inner surface of inleak chamber, and place of connection of one or several initiative devices to external envelope of inleak chamber is implemented as remote from blind cover of external shell of inleak chamber for distance, exceeding value of gap between blind cover of external envelope of inleak chamber and nearby to blind cover external envelope of inleak chamber by butt of inner chamber.

EFFECT: receiving of film uniform stream of liquid fluid with achieved thickness of films less than 1 mm, ability of formation of film flow of solutions, suspensions and pulps in wide range of measurement of consumptions and at invariable overall dimensions of device.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

APPLICATION AREA

The present invention relates to fields of industry and science in which a film-forming device for producing a film flow of a liquid substance can be used using methods for producing films, in particular a method for producing a film flow of various solutions, suspensions and pulps.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

When creating film flows of a liquid substance, an effective treatment of solutions, suspensions, and pulps is achieved by external factors, such as high-temperature reactive gases, plasma, and various kinds of radiation. In the presence of a film, in particular a thin-film, flow of a liquid substance, a high rate of gas exchange and exchange of reagents is achieved. When using a film flow of a liquid substance, highly effective protection of structural materials from the external effects of high-temperature gases, plasma, and radiation can be achieved.

It is known "DEVICE FOR PROCESSING A LIQUID BY RADIATION IN A THIN LAYER" [1], consisting of a vertical cylindrical irradiation chamber with a radiation source inside it, a pipe for tangential introduction of fluid into the receiving chamber, mounted coaxially with the irradiation chamber. In the annular gap between the walls of the receiving chamber and the irradiation chamber, a float distributor driven by a fluid flow is installed with elements for forming a thin film on the inner surface of the irradiation chamber. However, with a sharp increase in the flow rate of the processed liquid, the reliability of the above device decreases, since this causes the float distributor to be ejected from the cylinder of the irradiation chamber, which leads to its stop and subsequent destruction of the film, and the working elements of the float distributor during its normal operation, interacting with the flow liquids create a wavy profile of the film, which is the cause of the heterogeneity of the film.

Closest to the proposed invention is a "DEVICE FOR PROCESSING A LIQUID BY RADIATION IN A THIN LAYER" [2], comprising a vertical cylindrical irradiation chamber with a radiation source and a nozzle for discharging the treated liquid, and also a receiving chamber with a tangential nozzle for introducing a liquid installed with a gap relative to the chamber irradiation, characterized in that in the annular gap between the irradiation chamber and the receiving chamber coaxially with the irradiation chamber, one or more guides are fixedly mounted, having boiling shape of a cylinder or parts thereof, and their lower edges do not touch the bottom of the receiving chamber and the receiving chamber is provided with one or more pipes of constant or tapering cross section. However, the disadvantages of the invention [2] include the fact that the described design of the device [2] does not allow the creation of film flows of suspensions and pulps, since one or more motionless fixed smooth guides having the form of a cylinder generatrix or its parts are installed in the flow receiving chamber coaxial with the irradiation chamber, which destroy the vortex motion, stabilizing disturbances by multiple labyrinth transitions, while the device [2] must be installed strictly vertically, so that the axis of the camera The irradiation curve coincided with the direction of the gravity vector, since any deviations from this direction will lead, at small deviation angles, to uneven film thickness in the irradiation chamber, and at large deviation angles, to the destruction of the film.

The technical result to which the present invention is directed is to provide a method for producing a film flow of a liquid substance and a film-forming device for its implementation, namely, a film-forming device with which it is possible to implement a method for producing a film uniform flow of solutions, suspensions and pulps, which allows the formation of a film the flow of liquids in the irradiation chamber, for which it is necessary to organize their continuous mixing by creating a vortex th movement inside the receiving chamber, with sufficiently good wettability with the film-forming surface of the processed fluid, which is key to the formation of the film.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of obtaining a film flow of a liquid substance and a film-forming device for its implementation.

1. A method of producing a film flow of a liquid substance, comprising the tangential supply of a liquid substance to its transformation zone, characterized in that a toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion of the liquid substance is created in the transformation zone, by which, when moving the liquid substance along the surface of the torus created by it, the outer layers are transferred rapidly liquid substance into the inner region of the torus created by him, in which, with a limitation of the translational directions of movement of the liquid substance, perpendicular along its axis, using the conservation of angular momentum, they create a high-speed rotational-translational motion of liquid substance around the axis of the torus created by it, along the axis of the torus, in one of the directions of the torus axis, thereby forming a uniform continuous film of liquid substance on the bounding surface.

In the present invention to obtain a film using the properties of a toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion. When the liquid moves along the surface of the torus, the outer layers of the liquid are quickly transferred to the inner region of the torus, in which, due to the conservation of the angular momentum, the liquid rotates rapidly around the axis of the torus, which causes centrifugal forces pressing the liquid layers to the inner surface of the torus.

To implement the method of obtaining a film flow of a liquid substance, the following film-forming device is proposed.

2. A film-forming device, including a receiving chamber, one or more input devices for supplying substance into the receiving chamber tangentially, made with constant or variable tapering sections, an inner chamber, on the inner surface of which a film flow of liquid is created, characterized in that the inner chamber is made of wetted by a material converted into a film by a liquid, and a toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion is formed inside the receiving chamber, the cavity of the receiving chamber it is shaped like a toroid, the outer shell of the receiving chamber is hollow, the covers are closed at both ends, the cover is blind at one end, and a through hole is made in the center of the cover of the other end, the inner chamber is hollow, with open ends of a smaller diameter, placed inside the outer the shell of the receiving chamber, coaxially with it, and is connected by its outer surface with the edges of the opening of the lid of the outer shell of the receiving chamber in such a way that one of its ends extends beyond the receiving chamber from the side of the lid with There is a gap between the other end and the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber, the outer surface of the inner chamber being the inner surface of the receiving chamber, and the point of attachment of one or more input devices to the outer shell of the receiving chamber is remote from the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber at a distance exceeding the gap between the blank cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber and the end face of the inner closest to the blank cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber cameras.

Figure 1 and Figure 2 shows the proposed film-forming device.

Figure 3 shows schematically two main movements of the fluid inside the device.

The film-forming device includes one or more input devices 1, through the inlet openings 2 of which the liquid substance is tangentially fed into the receiving chamber 3, made in the form of a toroid, which consists of an outer shell 4, closed at both ends by covers 5 and 6, and the outer surface 7 of the inner cameras 8. In the center of the lid 6, a through hole 9 is made, the inner chamber 8 with the inner film-forming surface 10 and the outer surface 7 is placed inside the outer shell, coaxially with it and connected to the outer surface 7 with by the openings 9 of the cover 6 of the outer shell 4 so that one of its ends extends beyond the receiving chamber 3 from the side of the cover 6, and a gap 11 remains between the other end and the cover 5 of the outer shell 4 of the reception chamber 3. The connection point 12 of the input device or devices 1 is made remote from the cover 5 of the outer shell 4 by a distance exceeding the distance between the free end of the inner chamber 8 and the cover 5 of the outer shell 4.

Film-forming device operates as follows.

Through the inlet holes 2 of the input or input devices 1, a liquid substance is tangentially injected into the chamber 3, which, entering the receiving chamber 3, begins to move around the axis of the receiving chamber 3 at high speed, pressing due to the centrifugal force to the inner wall of the outer shell 4 of the receiving chamber 3. Having completed a full circle, the liquid collides with the jet entering the receiving chamber and acquires an additional rotational movement around the core of the jet and, thus moving, fills the entire cavity with it second chamber 3, having a torus shape. The resulting motion of the fluid inside the receiving chamber resembles the form of motion of tornado vortices, that is, such a movement that can be conditionally divided into two main ones, namely rotation with a large angular velocity around the axis of the receiving chamber and rotation along a complex curve around the flow core. When moving the liquid on the surface of the torus created by it inside the receiving chamber 3, a high-speed transfer of the outer layers of the liquid substance to the inner region of the torus, that is, to the film-forming surface 10 of the inner chamber 8, in which due to the conservation of angular momentum, a high-speed rotational-translational motion of the liquid substance is provided , which causes centrifugal forces pressing the layers of liquid substance to the film-forming surface 10 of the inner chamber 8, forming a uniform rapid an expanding film of liquid substance, which preserves uniformity over a wide range of changes in the rate of supply of liquid substance to the zone of its transformation.

Example.

A film-forming device that implements the principle of toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion includes an input device or may include several input devices made in the form of nozzles for supplying liquid substance or substances into the receiving chamber tangentially, and having constant or variable narrowing sections, the receiving chamber, the cavities of which are made in the shape of a toroid, and including an outer shell, for example, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, closed at both ends by covers, where from one end made blind, and in the center of the cover of the other end made a through hole, and the inner chamber, which is made in the form of a rotation figure, for example in the form of a hollow cylinder with open ends of a smaller diameter and placed inside the outer shell of the chamber coaxially with it and connected with its outer surface to the edges the openings of the lid of the outer shell of the receiving chamber in such a way that one of its ends extends beyond the limits of the receiving chamber from the side of the lid with a hole, and between the other end and the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber there remains a gap, and the outer surface of the inner chamber is the inner surface of the receiving chamber, and its inner surface is film-forming and made of material well wetted by the film-forming liquid, the point of attachment of one or more input devices to the outer shell of the receiving chamber is made remote from the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving the camera at a distance greater than the gap between the blank cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber and the closest to the blank cover of the outer her shell receiving chamber end of the inner chamber. In the transformation zone, the receiving chamber, when a tangentially liquid substance is fed into it, a toroidal hydrodynamic vortex movement of the liquid substance is created, in which when the liquid substance moves along the surface of the torus created by it, a high-speed transfer of the outer layers of the liquid substance to the inner region of the torus is ensured, in which, due to the conservation of momentum of momentum, a high-speed rotational-translational motion of a liquid substance occurs, limiting and / or excluding translational directions The motion of the liquid substance in the inner region of the torus surfaces perpendicular to its axis, around the axis of the torus, in one of its directions, form homogeneous, solid, rapidly rotating film of liquid substance.

For example, in a specific implementation of the proposed film-forming device having a diameter of the outer shell of the receiving chamber of 50 mm, a diameter of the inner chamber of 26 mm and a height of the receiving chamber of 20 mm, a film flow of liquid was obtained with a film thickness of about 0.5 mm and a flow rate of 0.5 m ³ / h, and also formed a film flow of the pulp with a solid fraction of 0.5-0.7 mm

Thus, a technical result has been achieved, namely, a method for producing a film flow of a liquid substance and a film-forming device for its implementation is proposed, with which it is possible to implement a method for producing a film uniform flow of solutions, suspensions and pulps, which allows the formation of a film flow of liquids in an irradiation chamber, for which their continuous mixing is organized by creating a vortex motion inside the receiving chamber, with a sufficiently good wettability of the film-forming surface ited processed fluid, that is key to forming a film.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The present invention relates to fields of industry and science in which a film-forming device for producing a film flow of a liquid substance can be used using methods for producing films, in particular a method for producing a film flow of various solutions, suspensions and pulps.

The proposed group of inventions is aimed at creating such a film-forming device with which it would be possible to implement a method for producing a uniform film flow of a liquid substance with an achievable film thickness of less than 1 mm, as well as the possibility of forming a film flow of solutions, suspensions and pulps in a wide range of flow rates at constant device dimensions.

The proposed group of inventions can be applied in industries where, when processing with low-temperature plasma or other methods, such as high-temperature reactive gases, various kinds of radiation, and so on, a significant result is achieved when initiating chemical-physical processes in solutions, suspensions and pulps of various organic materials and inorganic origin.

When using the film flow of a liquid substance, highly effective protection of structural materials from the external effects of high-temperature gases, plasma, and radiation can be achieved.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Description of the invention to and.with. RF №799704, A23L, 3/23, publ. 1981.

2. RF patent No. 2055493 (Application of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 92001681). Publ. 1996.03.10, class A23L 3/26.

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing a film flow of a liquid substance, comprising the tangential supply of a liquid substance to its transformation zone, characterized in that a toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion of the liquid substance is created in the transformation zone, by which, when moving the liquid substance along the surface of the torus created by it, the outer layers are transferred rapidly liquid substance into the inner region of the torus created by him, in which, with a limitation of the translational directions of movement of the liquid substance, perpendi ulyarnyh its axis using conservation of angular momentum creates a high-speed rotational-translational motion of the liquid substance created around them torus axis, along the torus axis in one direction of the axis of the torus, than the boundary surface is formed on a homogeneous continuous film of liquid substance. 2. A film-forming device, including a receiving chamber, one or more input devices for supplying substance into the receiving chamber tangentially, made with constant or variable tapering sections, an inner chamber, on the inner surface of which a film flow of liquid is created, characterized in that the inner chamber is made of wetted by a material converted into a film by a liquid, and a toroidal hydrodynamic vortex motion is formed inside the receiving chamber, the cavity of the receiving chamber it is flax-shaped in the shape of a torroid, the outer shell of the receiving chamber is hollow, covers closed at both ends, the cover is blind at one end, and a through hole is made in the center of the cover of the other end, the inner chamber is hollow, with open ends of a smaller diameter, located inside the outer the shell of the receiving chamber, coaxially with it, and is connected by its outer surface to the edges of the opening of the lid of the outer shell of the receiving chamber so that one of its ends extends beyond the receiving chamber from the side of the lid with there is a gap between the other end and the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber, the outer surface of the inner chamber being the inner surface of the receiving chamber, and the connection point of one or more input devices to the outer shell of the receiving chamber is remote from the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber at the distance exceeding the gap between the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber and the end face closest to the blind cover of the outer shell of the receiving chamber camera.

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