RU2378748C1 - Combined double folded dipole antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; radio.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to antenna technology. According to the invention, the combined double folded dipole antenna contains three integrated antennae. One antenna is an incomplete zig-zag dipole consisting of two identical open triangular frames. The triangular frames lie in a single vertical plane one on top of the other and they are connected to each other with formation of array feed points. This dipole operates in the low-frequency metre wavelength range. The other two antennae are folded dipoles. The folded dipole is made in form of a flat rectangular figure. Each folded dipole adjoins the corresponding base of the triangular frame of the incomplete zig-zag dipole. The base of each triangular frame serves as a side of the corresponding folded dipole at the same time. There is an opening in the side of the folded dipole lying opposite the base of the frame. The opening is ended by feed points of the folded dipoles. These feed points are connected crosswise to array feed points through connecting lines.

EFFECT: increased amplification constant.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to antenna technology and can be used as a separate receiving and transmitting antennas, and as an active element of the antenna systems of television, radio communications and radio devices.

Zigzag antennas in terms of gain / cost are optimal (Grigorov I.N. Antennas. Urban designs. - M .: IP RadioSoft, 2003, p. 195).

The initial technical solution of a zigzag antenna with a sheet of eight closed identical conductors, which form two rhomboid cells, is known. Such antennas in their broadband performance are mainly multichannel for operation in individual television frequency bands of the meter band of radio waves (Kharchenko KP, VHF antennas. - M .: DOSAAF, 1969, p. 77-84).

The main disadvantage of such antennas is their significant structural size in the vertical plane.

Known incomplete zigzag antenna with reduced dimensions when removing its upper (or lower) half (Kharchenko KP VHF antennas. - M .: DOSAAF, 1969, p. 84).

The disadvantages of this antenna are not high enough characteristics of the main parameters.

A double triangular antenna is known, which is one of the varieties of an incomplete zigzag antenna (All about antennas: Handbook / Comp. V.I. Nazarov, V.I. Ryzhenko. - M.: Onyx, 2007, p. 80).

The disadvantages of this antenna are also not high enough characteristics of the main parameters.

To increase the working frequency band in the meter wavelength range or to receive and transmit radio emissions simultaneously in the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges, combined antennas are used.

Known universal all-wave antenna (Antennas for satellite, TV, RV, SI-BI, KB, VHF: Designs, company catalogs, illustrated review of publications / Nikitin V.A. et al. - M.: DMK, 1999, p. 152-154 ), which is a combination of a meter-wide fan of a broadband vibrator and a seven-element antenna of the "wave channel" type of a decimeter range of radio waves.

The main disadvantages of such an antenna are the work with spurious vertical polarization in the meter range of radio waves and the structural complexity in the manufacture of the antenna.

Of the known solutions, the closest in technical essence to the claimed antenna is a double combined triangular antenna (All about antennas: Reference / Compiled by V.I. Nazarov, V.I. Ryzhenko. - M.: Onyx, 2007, p. 83, fig. .37). On the sides of the triangular frames of the double combined antenna, two pairs of different lengths of open conductors are installed in the plane of the web, which act as independent vibrators, which allows us to consider the double combined triangular antenna as an antenna consisting of three combined antennas: an incomplete zigzag and two split dipoles of different ranges.

The main disadvantages of the prototype antenna are the insufficiently high gain (KU) and rather high standing wave coefficient (SWR) in the high-frequency part of the working range of radio waves, as well as limited opportunities to further increase the gain of the antenna in selected parts of the working band or to expand the working range.

The technical result, which is claimed by the claimed invention as a technical solution, is to reduce the coefficient of standing waves and increase the gain in the high-frequency part of the operating range.

To achieve the specified technical result in a combined double loop-vibrator antenna containing three combined antennas, one of which is an incomplete zigzag vibrator operating in the meter low-frequency wavelength range and consisting of two identical open and located in the same vertical plane one above the other and connected with each other with the formation of power points of the antenna, with respect to which the antenna is symmetrical, triangular frames having one base, two other The antennas operate in the high-frequency wavelength range, short-circuit jumpers, conductors and connecting lines are additionally introduced, the other two antennas operate in the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges and are identical to each other and are located in the same plane with an incomplete zigzag vibrator, each of these antennas is a loop vibrator adjacent to the base of the corresponding triangular frame of an incomplete zigzag vibrator, and is a planar figure a rectangle, two sides of which are perpendi are uniform to the base of the corresponding triangular frame of the incomplete zigzag vibrator and are formed by short-circuit jumpers, the base of each triangular frame determines the operating frequency range of the loop vibrators and at the same time serves as the side of the corresponding loop vibrator, and the side of the latter parallel to the base of the triangular frame is formed of additional conductors, while a gap is made in the center of this side with the formation of power points of the corresponding loop vibrator, which are connecting crosswise lines are connected to the corresponding power points of the antenna. The gap is 15-30 mm long.

Distinctive features of the proposed combined double loop-vibrator antenna from the above known, closest to it, are the following:

- additionally introduced short-circuit jumpers, conductors and connecting lines,

- two loop vibrators operate in the meter and decimeter wave ranges and are identical to each other, are located in the same plane as the incomplete zigzag vibrator,

- each loop vibrator is adjacent to the base of the corresponding triangular frame of an incomplete zigzag vibrator and is a planar figure a rectangle, the two sides of which are perpendicular to the base of the corresponding triangular frame of an incomplete zigzag vibrator and are formed by short-circuit jumpers,

- the base of each triangular frame determines the operating frequency range of the loop vibrators and at the same time serves as the side of the corresponding loop vibrator,

- the side of the loop-vibrator parallel to the base of the triangular frame is formed of additional conductors,

- in this side, a gap is made in the center with the formation of power points of the corresponding loop vibrator,

- power points of the loop vibrator by connecting lines are crosswise connected to the corresponding power points of the antenna,

- the gap is made with a length of 15-30 mm

The novelty in the device part is that the dimensions of the incomplete zigzag vibrator determine the operating range of the entire antenna as a whole, namely: the incomplete zigzag vibrator operates in the frequency range determined by the size of the sides of the open triangular frames, and additional loop vibrators work in the frequency range, determined by the size of the bases of the triangular frames of the incomplete zigzag vibrator.

Thanks to such a structural embodiment of the antenna claimed as an invention, it was possible to significantly reduce the standing wave coefficient and increase the antenna gain.

The proposed combined double loop vibrator antenna is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-4.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the antenna (rotated 90 °);

figure 2 presents the radiation pattern of the antenna in the horizontal plane;

figure 3 is the same in a vertical plane;

figure 4 - the main electrical parameters (in relation to the decimeter range).

The proposed antenna (figure 1) contains an incomplete zigzag vibrator 1. The vibrator 1 consists of two identical open triangular frames 2. The frames 2 are located in one vertical plane one above the other. The triangular frames 2 are connected to each other with the formation of points 3 of the antenna power. Regarding the power points 3, the entire antenna is symmetrical. Each base 4 of the triangular frames 2 is adjacent to one identical loop vibrator 5. The dimensions of the base 4 of the triangular frame 2 determine the operating frequency range of the loop vibrator 5. Both loop vibrators 5 are located in the same plane as the incomplete zigzag vibrator 1. Loop vibrator 5 is a planar rectangle shape. The two short sides 6 of each loop vibrator 5 are formed by short-circuiting jumpers 7. The sides 6 of the loop vibrators 5 are perpendicular to the base 4 of the respective frames 2. The base 4 of each frame 2 is simultaneously the side 8 of the corresponding loop vibrator 5. The other side 9 of each loop vibrator 5 parallel to the base 4 (or side 8 of the loop vibrator 5) is formed by additional conductors 10. In each side 9, a gap 11 is made in the center of 15-30 mm long with the formation of power points 12 of the corresponding loop vibrator 5. Points 12 of the power supply of each loop vibrator 5 are connected crosswise with the corresponding points 3 of the antenna power using parallel connecting lines 13 (figure 1). Points 14 of the zero potential of the antenna are located in the middle of the bases 4 of the triangular frames 2 and are common for the incomplete zigzag vibrator 1 and for the corresponding loop vibrators 5. Coaxial feeder is brought to points 14 of the zero potential (not shown in Fig. 1).

The combined double loop-vibrator antenna works as a common-mode array of three antennas of two types — an incomplete zigzag 1 and two loop vibrators 5. The loop vibrators 5 are phased when separated by a distance from points 3 of the antenna power to points 12 of the power supply of the loop vibrators 5 with connection crosswise to the corresponding power points 3 by means of parallel connecting lines 13. The electromagnetic signal received by the triangular frames 2 induces an EMF at the power points 3. The electromagnetic signal received by the loop vibrators 5 also induces the EMF at the power supply points 12, then this signal is sent via the connecting lines 13 to the antenna power supply 3, and thus, the total antenna EMF increases. The antenna power, in addition to a symmetrical connection to the power points 3, is provided using a coaxial cable fed through the point 14 of zero potential.

The high efficiency of the antenna proposed as an invention is confirmed by the results of electronic modeling, as evidenced by radiation patterns in the horizontal plane (FIG. 2) and the vertical plane (FIG. 3), as well as the main electrical parameters shown in the table, in particular with respect to the decimeter range (figure 4).

A prototype antenna was created and prototype tests were carried out, which confirmed the results of electronic modeling.

Claims (2)

1. A combined double loop-vibrator antenna containing three combined antennas, one of which is an incomplete zigzag vibrator operating in the meter low-frequency wavelength range and consisting of two identical open and located in the same vertical plane one above the other, and connected to each other with the formation of antenna power points, with respect to which the antenna is symmetrical, of triangular frames having one base, the other two antennas operate in the high-frequency range of waves, from characterized by the addition of short-circuit jumpers, conductors and connecting lines, the other two antennas operate in the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges and are identical to each other, and are located in the same plane with an incomplete zigzag vibrator, each of these antennas is a loop vibrator adjacent to the base of the corresponding triangular frame of an incomplete zigzag vibrator and is a planar figure a rectangle, the two sides of which are perpendicular to the base of the triangular frame of the incomplete zigzag vibrator and are formed by short-circuit jumpers, the base of each triangular frame determines the operating frequency range of the loop vibrators and at the same time serves as the side of the corresponding loop vibrator, and the side of the latter parallel to the base of the triangular frame is formed of additional conductors, while on this side a gap was made in the center with the formation of power points of the corresponding loop vibrator, which are connected crosswise by connecting lines with respective antenna feed points. 2. The combined double loop vibrator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap is made in the length of 15-30 mm

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