RU2378482C2 - Cluster drilling plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas production.

SUBSTANCE: plant includes derrick and wrench unit with the base connected to the units located like train, guides with rails, transfer mechanism made in the form of hydraulic movement cylinders connected to the base of derrick and wrench unit and equipped with hydraulic movement cylinder attachment device. Units with train arrangement are equipped with wheel supports or rollers interacting with rails. Each of the guides is equipped at least with one sliding surface located along the guide, hydraulic movement cylinder attachment device is installed on sliding surface so that it can be moved and fixed. On base of derrick and wrench unit there provided are support sliding surfaces installed on sliding surface of the guides with possibility of longitudinal movement.

EFFECT: reducing service efforts during movement, reducing the time required for movement of cluster drilling plant within the area of multiple well platform.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to oil and gas equipment, namely to cluster drilling rigs designed for cluster drilling of exploration and production wells for oil and gas.

Moving a cluster drilling rig within one cluster allows you to free the mouth of the drilled well for its development and immediately begin testing the drilled well and evaluating the prospected area.

The well-known drilling rig of the Volgograd Drilling Equipment Plant BU 2900/200 EPK-BM in echelon design for cluster well construction (conventional drilling depth - 2900 m, permissible load on the hook - 200 tf). (Kolcherin V.G., Kolesnikov I.V., Kopylov B.C., Barenboim Yu.L. A new generation of drilling rigs of the Volgograd plant in Western Siberia, State Unitary Enterprise Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Surgut Printing House, 2000, pp. 297-303.)

The bush drilling rig BU 2900/200 EPK-BM includes a tower block and modules blocks interlocked with each other and mounted on a trolley with wheels, rail guides, and a movement mechanism. The movement mechanism is designed to move the tower block and the drilling rig modules with a train level mounted on wheels along rail guides from one well to another inside the bush.

The movement mechanism contains wheeled carts on which the base of the tower block is mounted, hydraulic cylinders fixed at one end to the base of the tower block of the drilling rig, and the other to a mechanical clamp (hydraulic cylinder fastening device), which allows the hydraulic cylinder to be secured to the rail, and a pump station for moving hydraulic cylinders. The movement of the cluster drilling rig relative to the rail supports is carried out by hydraulic cylinders.

A mechanical clamp provides a hydraulic cylinder stop in the rail when moving echelon blocks. The clamp is made in the form of a housing with two horizontal transverse holes, in one of which two stops are installed on the axis (locking element). The clamp body is made with lateral hooks and is installed through the end of the rail. The clamp housing contains an eye to which the hydraulic cylinder is pivotally mounted. When working in the pushing version, when moving the clamp along the rail, the stops abut against the supports of the base of the drilling rig. For operation in the pulling version, the stops and the axis are removed from the clamp body, the stops are turned 180 ° and they are mounted on the axis in the next hole of the clamp body. To prevent spontaneous movements of the tower block are the shoes mounted under the wheels of the cart.

The disadvantage of such a cluster drilling rig is the inability to move heavy drilling rigs (increased lifting capacity on the hook) with a packet of candles on a candlestick due to restrictions on the specific pressure on the rails of the guides. In addition, the manual reinstallation of the stops in the openings of the housing, depending on the operation of the hydraulic cylinders in the pulling or pushing versions, as well as installing shoes under the wheels of the trolley, require additional time and are labor-intensive operations.

A known type-size range of cluster drilling rigs with a permissible hook load of 200 to 270 ton-force and a conditional drilling depth of 3200 to 4500 m, the movement of which from well to well within the same cluster is carried out along rail tracks (Drilling complexes. Modern technologies and equipment / Team authors Under the general editorship of AMGusman and KPPorozhsky: Scientific publication. Ekaterinburg, UGGGA, 2002 pp. 386-387, 463-469).

The closest analogue of the invention according to the set of essential features is the BU 4500/270 EK-BM cluster drilling rig, which includes a derrick and winch block with a base, blocks with an echelon arrangement mounted on running rollers, rails mounted on rails, a mechanism for moving along rails on rails . The guides are made in the form of separate beams. In the transverse direction, the beams are connected by rods that provide parallel rails and the required distance between them.

The derrick and winch block with a base is mounted on balancing trolleys with wheels, coupled to a train consisting of blocks including a circulation system, a compressor block, an electrical equipment block, which are mounted on running rollers. The mast-winch block from one point to another in the well cluster moves with a set of drill pipes mounted on candlesticks.

The mechanism for moving along the rails of the guides is made in the form of a hydraulic unit with hydraulic cylinders pivotally connected on one side to the base of the mast winch block and, on the other, with grippers (hydraulic cylinder attachment devices).

The mounting device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder is made in the form of a gripper comprising a housing with a flat stop mounted on a rail, and a lever for fastening the gripper with an axis to the guide beam. The grips are mounted on rails of rails with the possibility of longitudinal movement and fixation.

To move the drilling rig to the next drilling point along the rail guides, the working fluid from the hydraulic unit is supplied to the power cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. The drilling rig moves along the rails in one stroke of the hydraulic cylinders, after which the process is repeated (discrete movement).

The disadvantage of this design is the inability to move heavy drilling rigs (increased lifting capacity on the hook) with a package of candles on a candlestick due to restrictions on the specific pressure on the rails of the guides. In addition, manual fixing by the axis of the gripping lever on the guide after each discrete movement is a time-consuming operation. In this case, at the time of the movement of the drilling rig, additional loads are created on the rails at the location of the stops, which can lead to deformation of the rails.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create a heavy cluster drilling rig moving along the guides from the well to the well with a packet of candles on a candlestick, reducing the complexity of servicing when moving.

The technical result of the invention is to ensure the movement of a heavy cluster drilling rig with a package of candles within the bush along the guides by increasing the area of support of the base of the winch unit on the guides, reducing the complexity of the service when moving due to the automation of the process of moving the hydraulic cylinder attachment device.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a cluster drilling rig including a derrick winch block with a base connected to blocks located on a train, guides with rails, a movement mechanism made in the form of displacement hydraulic cylinders connected to the base of the derrick winch block and equipped with mounting device for the hydraulic cylinder, while the blocks with echelon arrangement are equipped with wheel bearings or rollers interacting with the rails, according to the invention, each of the rails is provided with at least one sliding surface located along the rail, the mounting device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the sliding surface with the possibility of its displacement and fixation, while on the basis of the winch block, sliding bearing surfaces are mounted on the sliding surface of the rails with the possibility of longitudinal movement.

In a particular case, elements are made on the sliding surface of the guide for fixing the attachment device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder in the form of stepwise arranged vertical grooves.

In a particular case, the mounting device for the moving hydraulic cylinder is made in the form of a housing with L-shaped side hooks, in which a locking element is mounted with the possibility of moving along the vertical axis and turning around it, while the upper end of the locking element is provided with a rotary locking handle and the lower end - an inclined surface installed with the possibility of interaction with a vertical groove and directed in the direction of movement.

Supply of each of the guides of the cluster drilling rig with at least one sliding surface located along the guide, as well as the installation of a moving cylinder attachment device on the sliding surface with the possibility of its movement and fixation, while performing on the basis of the mast-winch block supporting sliding surfaces, guides mounted on the sliding surface with the possibility of longitudinal movement, made it possible to provide discrete movement along the guides of the forehead eater block of a heavy rig along with a package of candles within the bush from well to well while moving blocks in the train along rails.

It is possible to perform a cluster drilling rig with one sliding surface on each of two guides or with two sliding surfaces, while two or four supporting sliding surfaces are respectively made on the basis of the derrick-winch block.

The installation of the mounting device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder on the sliding surface with the possibility of its displacement and fixation made it possible to provide discrete movement of the cluster drilling rig. At the same time, at the moment of extension of the hydraulic cylinder rod, the displacement attachment device of the displacement cylinder is fixed on the sliding surface of the guide, and when the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, it moves one step.

The implementation of the elements for fixing the mounting device of the hydraulic cylinder in the form of stepwise arranged vertical grooves on the sliding surface of the guide, and the mounting device of the hydraulic cylinder for moving the drilling rig in the form of a housing with lateral hooks of an L-shape, in which the locking element is mounted along the vertical axis, the lower the end of which is equipped with an inclined surface, installed with the possibility of interaction with the groove, allowed to automate the process of moving , to exclude manual labor, thereby reducing the complexity of maintenance when moving the mounting device of the hydraulic cylinder.

In addition, the installation of the locking element with the possibility of rotation around the vertical axis due to the rotary handle-lock allowed to quickly rotate the locking element by 180 °, thereby changing the direction of movement of the core drilling rig in the opposite direction, eliminating heavy physical labor.

It is possible that the mounting device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder is fixed for fixing on the sliding surface of the guide, namely in the form of recessed stops made on the sliding surface of the guides, while the housing of the displacement hydraulic cylinder mounting device will include a socket that interacts with the focus of the sliding surface.

Technical solutions that coincide with the totality of the essential features of the invention have not been identified, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the condition of patentability “novelty”.

The claimed essential features of the invention, predetermining the receipt of the specified technical result, do not explicitly follow from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the patentability condition "inventive step".

The patentability condition “industrial applicability” is confirmed by the example of a specific embodiment of a cluster drilling rig.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 is a General view of a cluster drilling rig;

figure 2 is a view of figure 1;

figure 3 is a section along bb in figure 2;

figure 4 is a view of B in figure 1;

figure 5 is a view of figure 4;

figure 6 is a section along DD in figure 5.

The cluster drilling rig includes echelon blocks 1 equipped with running wheels 2 mounted on the rails 3 of the guides 4, the mast winch block 5 with the base 6, and the movement mechanism 7 of the cluster drilling rig.

The base 6 of the winch block 5 is connected with the first block 1 echelon.

The well drilling rig includes two guides 4, on each of which on both sides of the longitudinal axis there are two sliding surfaces 8 (Fig. 2).

At the same time, on the base 6 of the winch block 5, respectively, supporting sliding surfaces 9 are made, which are mounted on the sliding surface 8 of the guides 4 (Fig. 3).

The base 6 of the winch block 5 is equipped with limiters 10 from lateral displacement.

The guides 4 in the transverse position are pulled together by rods 11, providing parallelism of the rails and the necessary distance between them. The rail 3 is mounted on the guide 4 along its central axis.

The movement mechanism 7 of the cluster drilling rig is made in the form of four hydraulic displacement cylinders 12 (Fig. 4) connected to a hydraulic system (not shown in the drawings). To improve the operation of the movement mechanism 7 and to eliminate the possibility of skewing of the winch block 5, the hydraulic system includes a movement synchronization mechanism (not shown) of the hydraulic cylinders 12.

Each movement cylinder 12, on the one hand, is connected through the eye 13 to the base 6 of the winch block 5 and, on the other hand, is equipped with a fastening device 14 of the movement cylinder 12. On the sliding surface 8 of the guides 4, elements are made for fixing the fastening device 14 in the form of stepwise arranged vertical 15 grooves.

The fastening device 14 of the displacement hydraulic cylinder 12 is made in the form of a housing 16 (Fig. 5) with lateral hooks 17 of an L-shape (Fig. 6) that fix the housing 16 of the fastening device 14 relative to the shelves of the sliding surfaces 8. The housing 16 is provided with an eye 18 for fixing the rod of the displacement hydraulic cylinder 12, the locking element 19 installed in the hole 20.

The locking element 19 is provided with a rotary handle-latch 21, for fixing which a socket 22 is made on the housing 22. The lower end of the locking element 19 is made with an inclined surface 23, repeating the shape of the groove 15.

The device operates as follows.

At the time of well drilling, the cluster drilling rig is mounted on guides 4, the derrick winch block 5 is located on an axis aligned with the axis of the center of the well. The supporting surfaces 9 of the base 6 of the winch block 5 are based on the sliding surface 8 of the guides 4. Blocks 1 with running wheels 2 are mounted on the rails 3 of the guides 4.

Before the discrete movement of the cluster drilling rig begins, the locking element 19 of the fastening device 14 of the moving hydraulic cylinder 12 is installed in the vertical groove 15. In this case, with the help of the rotary locking knob 21, the inclined surface 23 of the locking element 19 is rotated in the direction of movement of the cluster drilling rig.

To move the cluster drilling rig to the next point from the remote control panel (not shown in the drawings), a move command is issued. The working fluid from the hydraulic system is supplied to the piston cavities of the displacement hydraulic cylinders 12. The rods of the displacement hydraulic cylinders 12 synchronously extend to full speed (discrete movement), while the stop elements 19, being in the slots 15, abut against the guides 4. The force from the extension of the rods of the displacement hydraulic cylinder 12 is transmitted to the derrick winch block 5. The derrick winch block 5 slides along the sliding surfaces 8 of the guides 4 and transmits the movement to the echelon blocks 1 mounted on the wheels 2. The cluster drilling rig moves etsya one step.

When the working fluid is supplied into the rod cavities of the displacement hydraulic cylinders 12, the hydraulic cylinders are retracted. In this case, the inclined surface 23 of the locking element 19 of the fastening device 14 is in contact with the edge surface of the vertical groove 15, the locking element 19 is moved up and out of the vertical groove 15. After the locking element 19 leaves the vertical groove 15, the fastening device 14 is pulled until the locking element 19 coincides with the next vertical groove 15 of the sliding surface 8. When combining the axis of the locking element 19 with the axis of the vertical groove 15, the locking element 19 under its own weight falls into the vertical th groove 15 and is fixed in it. When all the locking elements 19 are lowered into the corresponding vertical grooves 15, the fastening devices are ready for further movement of the rig by a step (discrete movement). Then the movement process is repeated.

To change the direction of movement of the cluster drilling rig, the handle-clamp 21 of the locking element 19 of the fastening device 14 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is rotated 180 °, while the inclined surface 23 changes its position to the opposite. This leads to a quick change in the direction of movement of the cluster drilling rig in the opposite direction.

Thus, the supply of each of the guides of the cluster drilling rig with at least one sliding surface located along the guide, as well as the execution of the sliding bearing surfaces mounted on the sliding surface of the guides mounted on the sliding surface of the guides with the possibility of longitudinal movement, installation of the mounting of the displacement hydraulic cylinder on the sliding surface with the possibility of its displacement and fixation ensured movement along the guides of the winch about the block of a heavy drilling rig together with a package of candles within the bush from well to well while moving blocks in the train along rails.

Due to the execution of step-by-step vertical grooves on the sliding surface of the guides and the fastening device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder in the form of a housing with a locking element equipped with a rotary locking handle and an inclined surface interacting with a vertical groove, the maintenance labor is reduced, the time for moving the joint drilling rig within the joint sites, the movement of the cluster drilling rig in the direction of "forward" and "back" along the guides is provided .

Claims (3)

1. A bush drilling rig including a derrick winch block with a base connected to blocks located on a train, guides with rails, a movement mechanism made in the form of displacement hydraulic cylinders connected to the base of a derrick winch block and equipped with a displacement hydraulic cylinder mounting device, blocks with a train arrangement are equipped with wheel bearings or rollers interacting with the rails, characterized in that each of the rails is provided with at least one surface of A slide located along the guide, the mounting device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the sliding surface with the possibility of its movement and fixation, while on the basis of the winch block there are made sliding bearing surfaces mounted on the sliding surface of the guides with the possibility of longitudinal movement. 2. The drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that on the sliding surface of the guide rail there are elements for fixing the attachment device of the displacement hydraulic cylinder in the form of step-by-step vertical grooves. 3. A drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the mounting device for the displacement hydraulic cylinder is made in the form of a housing with L-shaped lateral hooks, in which a locking element is mounted to move along the vertical axis and rotate around it, this, the upper end of the locking element is equipped with a rotary locking handle, and the lower end is an inclined surface that is installed with the possibility of interaction with a vertical groove and directed in the direction of movement.

Images