RU2376673C1 - Mercury-free metal-halide lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric engineering and, in particular to improvements of mercury-free lamp for general use or special lighting. The mercury-free metal-halide lamp includes burner made from optically transparent materials and connected with electrode assembly and filled with at least one of inert gases and halogenides of emitting metals. Indium and sodium halogenides and additives are used as metal halogenides to ensure the said burner with scandium halogenides. The components are taken in the following amounts, in mcm mol/cm³: Indium halogenide - 0.05-5.0; additives to provide burner with scandium halogenides - 0.10-8.0; sodium halogenides - 0.30-10.0, and inert gas pressure is from 2.66 to 100.0 kPa.

EFFECT: improved environmental friendliness of lamp production, storage and operation.

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Description

The present invention relates to the electrical industry, in particular, improves a mercury-free lamp for general and special lighting.

A technical solution is known (US Pat. No. 3914636, 1975) - a metal halide lamp containing a burner of an optically transparent material with attached electrode assemblies filled with inert gases, mercury and indium, thallium and sodium halides.

This metal halide lamp generates radiation in the visible region of the spectrum with a light output of up to 90 lm / W and a color temperature of 4200 ± 400K.

The disadvantage of this lamp is its low environmental friendliness due to the use of extremely toxic mercury.

The technical solution chosen by the prototype is also known - a metal halide lamp containing a burner of an optically transparent material with attached electrode assemblies, filled with inert gases and emitting metal halides, characterized in that indium, thallium and sodium halides are used as halides of the emitting metals ( RF Patent No. 1772841).

In the lamp according to the technical solution - the prototype, the lamp does not use mercury and its environmental friendliness is much higher than that of the analog lamp.

However, the presence of thallium halides in it makes it much more environmentally friendly than the analog lamp, but not so environmentally friendly as to meet the modern requirement for this parameter.

The technical task of this technical solution is to increase the environmental friendliness of the production, storage and operation of lamps according to this technical solution.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a mercury-free metal halide lamp containing a burner of an optically transparent material with attached electrode assemblies filled with at least one of inert gases and emitting metal halides, indium and sodium halides are used as emitting metal halides in the lamp, additives to provide the burner with scandium halides, the components are taken in the following quantities, in microns mol / cm ³ :

Indium halides 0.05-5.0 Burner Supplements scandium halides 0.10-8.0 Sodium halides  0.30-10.0

and the inert gas pressure is from 2.66 to 100.0 kPa.

In the lamp according to the invention, in the experimental selected composition of the filling, there is neither mercury nor thallium, and in terms of environmental friendliness it surpasses both the analog lamp and the prototype lamp and in it the tasks set for the technical solution of the prototype are solved.

The essence of the proposed solution is as follows. The lamp, connected in series with the inductive, capacitive, combined electronic ballasts, is supplied with a supply voltage that first generates an arc discharge in it between one of the main electrodes and the nearest auxiliary electrode. The resulting plasma medium creates favorable conditions for the occurrence of an arc discharge between the main electrodes. As a result, an arc discharge is created in the vapor of metal halides with a light output of 75 lm / W.

The lamp design is widely known, similar to conventional metal halide lamps, and is presented, for example, in (Rokhlin G.N. Discharge light sources. - M.: Energoatomizdat, p. 585).

Important is the amount of metal halides introduced into the lamp, it is determined experimentally and determined in the following quantity, μmol / cm ³ :

Indium halides 0.05-5.0 Burner Supplements scandium halides 0.10-8.0 Sodium halides 0.30-10.0

and the inert gas pressure is from 2.66 to 100.0 kPa.

When the amounts of metal halides and additives to provide the burner with scandium halides less than 0.05, 0.10 and 0.30 μm mol / cm ³ , they become insufficient to generate useful radiation over the entire service life.

When the quantities of emitting metal halides and additives to provide the burner with scandium halides greater than 5.0, 8.0 and 10.0, no additional positive result is achieved, and the costs of acquisition, storage, processing, etc. are increasing.

Scandium halides are introduced into the lamp indirectly through additives to provide the scandium halides with the burner. This is due to the fact that scandium halides are very hygroscopic powders that introduce water into the burner, which acts extremely negatively on the burner electrodes and its material.

As additives for providing the burner with scandium halides, metal scandium and inactive metal halides, for example tin or scandium oxide, inactive metal halide and metal aluminum are used.

In the first case, scandium halides appear in the burner in the first minutes of lamp operation as a result of the following reaction:

2Sc + 3SnBr ₂ (J ₂ ) = 2ScBr ₃ (J ₃ ) + 3Sn,

where: Sc - scandium, Sn - tin, Br - bromine, J - iodine.

In the second case, the reaction is as follows:

Sc ₂ O ₃ + 2Al + 3SnBr ₂ (J ₂ ) = 2ScBr ₃ (J ₃ ) + Al ₂ O ₃ + 3Sn,

where Al is aluminum, O is oxygen.

Tin and alumina do not affect the main parameters of the discharge and condense in the behind-electrode zones, while playing a positive role as an insulating coating.

Krypton and, especially, xenon are most often used as one of the inert gases. these inert gases provide an acceptable voltage to the lamp.

The inert gas pressure is experimentally determined from two mutually opposite functions of the inert gas in these lamps: determining the voltage on the lamp, and when its pressure is high, the lamp becomes explosive even when inoperative.

Examples of specific lamp designs are shown in the table.

The use of the proposed technical solution in mercury-free metal halide lamps makes it possible to obtain a highly environmentally friendly lamp, and when using lamps for plant photosynthesis, produce environmentally friendly fruit and vegetable products during the ecological operation of the lamps.

Claims (1)

Mercury-free metal halide lamp containing a burner of an optically transparent material with attached electrode assemblies, filled with at least one of inert gases and emitting metal halides, characterized in that indium and sodium halides and additives are used as halides of the emitting metals in the lamp to provide burners with scandium halides, components are taken in the following quantities, μm mol / cm ³ :
indium halides 0.05-5.0 burner additives scandium halides 0.10-8.0 sodium halides 0.30-10.0
and the inert gas pressure is from 2.66 to 100.0 kPa.