RU2375648C2 - Device for heat energy production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used to produce heat energy in industry, housing and utilities, agriculture, construction, transport and other sectors. The device for heat energy production comprises a hollow cylindrical casing with its cavity being equipped by at least one disc kinematically connected to the rotary drive which is connected to a control unit, an inlet main with a hydrodynamic radiator and an outlet main which are connected to the casing cavity on the opposite sides of the disc and set with equal diametrically opposite eccentricity from its axis for the value of 0.30-0.35 of the disc diametre. The geometrical dimensions of the device are concerned with the following relations: D/h1=60÷68, D/h2=650÷700, D/h3=55÷58, where D and h1 stand for the disc diametre and thickness respectively, h2 - gap between the disc end face surface and the casing inner end face surface, h3 - gap between the disc side surface and the casing inner side surface; the outlet main is connected to the inlet main by a heat energy consumer and a pump.

EFFECT: decreased dimensions and weight characteristics and energy consumption levels at the specified hydraulic power of the device for heat energy production.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat engineering and can be used to produce thermal energy in industry, housing and communal services, in agriculture, construction, transport and other fields.

A known method of producing energy, including the supply of a substance in the liquid phase to the treatment zone and the creation of cavitation bubbles in the substance, while cavitation bubbles in the substance are created by creating a periodically changing pressure having constant and variable components (patent RU No. 2054604, class F24J 3 / 00, 07/02/1993).

Also known is a method of heating a fluid, comprising treating the fluid with an acoustic field generated, for example, in a rotary pulsation apparatus, the treatment being carried out in the range of the pulsation frequency of the fluid flow through the apparatus 3.8-4.8 kHz (patent RU No. 2116583, class. F24J 3/00, 01/26/1998).

Also known is a method of generating energy and a resonant pump - a heat generator, designed to produce thermal energy without burning organic fuel (patent RU No. 2142604, class F24J 3/00, 01/26/1998).

Also known is a drive cavitation heat generator, which can be used for heating systems and comprising a housing in which relatively movable working bodies are located, the input and output of which are hydraulically communicated through a circulation channel with a throttling element. The working bodies are made in the form of opposed disks installed with a guaranteed gap between their ends, provided with adjacent grooves located on the interacting working ends of the disks obliquely to each other (patent RU No. 2201562, class F24J 3/00, 05/19/1999) .

It is also known a heating device containing pressure and return lines, the first of which is made in the form of at least two parallel branches, each equipped with a hydrodynamic heat generator of the cavitation type. The pressure branch and the return line are interconnected via a pump, as well as with the direct and return lines of the heat consumer with the formation of an external circulation circuit. The pressure line is connected to the return line by a transfer pipe with control valves, in the area between which one of two parallel branches is connected to the pipe to form an internal circulation circuit. The optimal distribution of the flow rate of the heating medium between the circuits provides effective heating of the coolant to the specified temperatures (patent RU No. 2096695, class F24J 3/00, 02/12/1997).

It is also known a device for heating liquid and gas media, consisting of a source of acoustic vibrations, a closed circuit of the circulating mass of the coolant, located at the output of the supercharger of a high-frequency acoustic filter, which is an acoustic waveguide in the form of a pressure pipe, a resonant tuning unit in the form of a wave reflector with an adjustable slit, wherein the wave reflector is made in the form of a plate, and the adjustable slit is equipped with a regulator (patent RU No. 2231003, class F24J 3/00, 09/10/2002).

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is the overestimated overall mass characteristics and the level of energy consumption at a given hydraulic power.

Also known is a method of heating liquid and gaseous media, including heating the circulating mass, the heating being carried out by generating high-frequency acoustic waves in the circulating mass of the working standing wave and tuning them through an acoustic filter to the working resonant overtone fj of the fundamental frequency fo characteristic normal vibrations of the coolant molecule. The method is implemented by a technical solution in which a source of acoustic vibrations in contact with an aqueous medium of a volume is located on a waveguide made in the form of a tube. On the opposite side of the waveguide, there is a reflector disk, which regulates the annular slit gap D. These elements form a high-frequency acoustic filter that provides the formation of a standing acoustic wave, and the annular slit gap A provides the calculated working overtones for resonant excitation fo through its overtones fj. As the coolant used water, which occupies the entire internal volume. Known devices of hydrodynamic and gas-jet ultrasonic generators can be used as sources of acoustic vibrations, the technical parameters of which provide resonant excitation of the molecules of the working medium. In the device, due to the circulation of the coolant, it is repeatedly heated (patent RU No. 2231002, class F24J 3/00, 09/10/2002).

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions are also overestimated overall mass characteristics and the level of energy consumption at a given hydraulic power.

Also known is a method of generating heat, including the supply of water to a vortex heat generator, the formation of a vortex water flow in it and providing a cavitation mode of passage of the vortex stream with resonant amplification of sound vibrations arising in this stream with further removal of heat received in the vortex heat generator to the consumer, while preheating water is carried out by circulating it in a closed loop, which passes through a heat generator, without removing heat to the consumer. After pre-heating the water, its pressure is reduced by reducing the speed of the pump motor shaft. At the same time, the frequency of the natural oscillations of the resonating elements of the braking device is changed by changing their active lengths (patent UA No. 17299, class F24J 3/00, September 15, 2006).

A disadvantage of the known method is the difficulty of optimizing both the process of obtaining thermal energy, and the constructive solution of the device that implements the method, as well as the difficulty of providing high values of the thermal effect, reducing metal consumption and increasing the manufacturability of the structure while reducing the electric power consumption.

The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for producing thermal energy, made in the form of a cavitation heat generator containing a hollow body with a supply pipe, equipped with an accelerator of fluid motion and a braking device, while the accelerator of fluid motion is made in the form of a flow chamber with a confuser and a nozzle for draining the treated fluid; inside the flow chamber, a working element is installed in the form of super cavitation blades, which are The surfaces are covered by a coaxial cylinder, on the outer surface of which supercavitation blades are located, the flow swirling direction of which is opposite to the flow swirling direction by internal supercavitation blades, and the braking device is made in the form of a disk flow chopper with a drive located behind the working element along the flow, the outlet pipe is connected to the battery heat, the output of which is connected to the consumer of thermal energy and a pump, the output of which is connected through the housing to Deck inlet (patent RU №2131094, Cl. F25B 29/00, 05.27.1999).

The disadvantages of this device for generating thermal energy are the increased metal consumption of the structure, low processability and high values of consumed electric power, as well as the difficulty of optimizing the process of obtaining thermal energy.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to optimize the process of obtaining thermal energy and the design of the device for receiving thermal energy.

The technical result from the use of the present invention is to reduce the overall mass characteristics and energy consumption levels for a given hydraulic power of the device for receiving thermal energy.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by means of a device for generating thermal energy, comprising a hollow cylindrical body, in the cavity of which at least one disk is installed kinematically connected to a rotation drive connected to the control unit, an input equipped with a hydrodynamic emitter, and an output highways connected with the body cavity on opposite sides of the disk, located with equal diametrically opposite eccentricity from its axis by 0.30 - 0.35 of the disk diameter, with that the geometrical dimensions of the device are connected by the following relationships:

D / h1 = 60 ÷ 68, D / h2 = 650 ÷ 700, D / h3 = 55 ÷ 58,

where D and h1 are the diameter and thickness of the disk, respectively,

h2 is the gap between the end surface of the disk and the inner end surface of the housing,

h3 is the gap between the side surface of the disk and the inner side surface of the housing,

and the output line is in communication with the input line by means of a heat consumer and a pump.

Preferably

D / L = 1.6 ÷ 1.65, D / Din = D / Dout = 13.2 ÷ 13.6,

where L is the distance between the disks in the event that their number is more than one,

Din and Dout - inner diameters of the input line and output line, respectively.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which schematically shows the main elements of the device for generating thermal energy and graphical dependencies used when choosing the optimal values of the parameters of the elements of the device.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for generating thermal energy.

Figure 2 presents a longitudinal section of the housing with a disk installed in it.

Figure 3 presents a view of figure 2.

Figure 4 - graphical dependence of the thermal effect as a function of the ratio D / h2.

Figure 5 - graphical dependence of the thermal effect as a function of the ratio D / h3.

Figure 6 - graphical dependence of the thermal effect as a function of the ratio D / h1.

In Fig.7 is a graphical dependence of the thermal effect as a function of the ratio D / m.

(m is the distance between the axis of the disk and the axis of the input (output) line.

On Fig - values of the thermal effect obtained in the device without preliminary processing of the liquid at the inlet and with non-optimal parameters of the elements of the device and in the device with preliminary processing of the liquid at the entrance and with the optimal parameters of the elements of the device.

A device for generating thermal energy comprises an input line 1 provided with a hydrodynamic emitter 2, an output line 3 connected to a hollow body 4 formed by a cylindrical shell and flanges 5 forming the end walls of the housing 4. Flanges 5 are pressed against the shell using ties 6. In the cavity 7 of the housing 4, at least one disk 8 is mounted kinematically connected to a rotation drive 9 connected to the control unit 10. A device for generating thermal energy can be performed with a measuring system connected to the control unit 10, including pressure sensors 11, coolant temperature 12, engine 13 overheat, air temperature 14, electric power meter 15 and tachometer 16. output line connected to the housing 4 3 is communicated with the input highway 1 by means of the heat energy consumer 18 and pump 19, which are successively communicated between each other by the highway 17 and the disk 19. The disk or disks 8 can be made of metal or non-metal solid, non-continuous, smooth or with varying roughness on its surface. The internal cross-sectional area of the output line 3 is equal to the internal cross-sectional area of the inlet line 1. In the device for receiving thermal energy, valves 20 and 21 are installed, as well as filling and drain funnels 22 and 23. Studs with nuts 24 are used as couplers 6, interacting with threaded sections made at the ends of the studs.

The input 1 and output 3 lines are connected with the cavity 7 of the housing 4 on opposite sides of the disk 8 and are located with equal diametrically opposite eccentricity m from its axis by 0.30 ÷ 0.35 of the diameter D of the disk.

The geometric dimensions of the device are related by the following relationships:

D / h1 = 60 ÷ 68, D / h2 = 650 ÷ 700, D / h3 = 55 ÷ 58,

where D and h1 are the diameter and thickness of the disk, respectively,

h2 is the gap between the end surface of the disk and the inner end surface of the housing,

h3 is the gap between the side surface of the disk and the inner side surface of the housing,

and the output line is in communication with the input line by means of a heat consumer and a pump.

Preferably

D / L = 1,6 ÷ 1,65, D / Dвx = D / Dвх = 13,2 ÷ 13,6,

where L is the distance between the disks in the event that their number is more than one,

Dvx and Dvy - internal diameters of the input line and output line, respectively.

The aforementioned most optimal size ratios were obtained as a result of the study and used in the design work in the process of creating a device for generating thermal energy. When comparing the obtained results, we used the dependences of the thermal effect Q, i.e. a conditional quantity characterizing the amount of heat received, depending on the diameter D and thickness h1 of the disk 8, the size of the gap h2 between the end surface of the disk 8 and the inner end surface of the casing 4, the size of the gap h3 between the side surface of the disk 8 and the inner side surface of the casing 4, distance L between disks 8 in the event that their number is more than one, the values of Dвx and D of the inner diameters of the input 1 and output 3 lines, the number of revolutions of the disk 8, the material of the case 4 and the disk 8. These dependences imentalno using the methods of physical and natural modeling, as well as methods of optimal experimental design. The data obtained as a result of processing made it possible to analyze the objective function, for which the thermal effect of the device was selected, and to select the optimal parameters of its elements (Figs. 4-7). On Fig presents the values of the thermal effect obtained in the system without preliminary processing of the liquid at the inlet using a hydrodynamic emitter and at non-optimal geometric dimensions and in a device with preliminary processing of the liquid with a hydrodynamic radiator at the inlet and at the optimal geometric dimensions of the device.

The preliminary selection of the characteristics of the hydrodynamic emitter 2 and its testing were carried out on a test bench with transparent lines, which allows controlling the state of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the hydrodynamic emitter 2 before entering cavity 7. For a given value of hydraulic power, determined by the pressure and flow rate of the fluid, the design parameters hydrodynamic emitter 2, bringing the state of the coolant at its output to pseudo-boiling. If this state is not achieved, the parameters of the hydrodynamic emitter 2 are changed and the process is repeated again. Ultimately, a hydrodynamic emitter 2 is installed in the design of the device for generating thermal energy, the design parameters of which provide the state of pseudo-boiling of the coolant at its outlet, and therefore at the entrance to the cavity 7.

A device for generating thermal energy works as follows.

The coolant, such as water, through the filling funnel 22 enters the tank connected to the device of the consumer 18 thermal energy. After power is turned on, by commands from the control unit 10, the pump 19 connected to the system and the drive 9 of the disk 8 are turned on. The pump 19 provides a pressure of 4-7 atm at the input of the input line 1. From the output of the input line 1, the coolant enters the hydrodynamic emitter 2, which forms a pseudo-boiling state, in which an intense appearance of bubbles occurs in the coolant. It is in this state that the coolant enters the cavity 7 and after interacting with the disk 8 or the system of disks 8, the heated coolant enters the consumer 18 of thermal energy. The results of experimental studies showed that the viscosity of the coolant as a result of processing it in the hydrodynamic emitter 2 is reduced by 15%. This ensures a reduction in energy consumption and metal consumption of the device for generating thermal energy. For the selected heat generator capacity, for example 55 kW, with optimal pumping, for example, 3 m ³ / h, the temperature of the heat carrier rises by 14-20 ° C in one cycle. The pressure at the outlet of the housing 4 of the device is 2-7 atm. The device operates at an ambient temperature of not more than 40 ° C, which is detected by the air temperature sensor 14. The number of revolutions of the drive 9 is recorded by the tachometer 16, while the nominal value is 3000 rpm. The passage of the coolant circulating in the device for receiving thermal energy is regulated by valves (valves) 20 and 21, and the filling of the device for receiving thermal energy with coolant and discharge are provided by filling and drain funnels 22 and 23.

A device for producing thermal energy provides high values of the thermal effect while reducing metal consumption, increasing the manufacturability of the structure, and also allows to reduce the consumed electric power.

Claims (2)

1. A device for generating thermal energy, comprising a hollow cylindrical body, in the cavity of which at least one disk is mounted kinematically connected to a rotation drive connected to the control unit, an input line provided with a hydrodynamic emitter, and an output line connected to the body cavity with opposite sides of the disk, located with equal diametrically opposite eccentricity from its axis by 0.30 ÷ 0.35 of the diameter of the disk, while the geometric dimensions of the device are associated with the following relationship:
D / h1 = 60 ÷ 68, D / h2 = 650 ÷ 700, D / h3 = 55 ÷ 58,
where D and h1 are the diameter and thickness of the disk, respectively;
h2 is the gap between the end surface of the disk and the inner end surface of the housing;
h3 is the gap between the side surface of the disk and the inner side surface of the housing,
and the output line is in communication with the input line by means of a heat consumer and a pump. 2. The device for producing thermal energy according to claim 1, in which
D / L = 1.6 ÷ 1.65, D / Din = D / Dout = 13.2 ÷ 13.6,
where L is the distance between the disks in the event that their number is more than one;
Din and Dout - inner diameters of the input line and output line, respectively.

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