RU2374299C2 - Method of advanced simultaneous processing liquid and solid hydrocarbon material and installation to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to petrochemistry. The invention relates to an installation for advanced simultaneous processing liquid and solid hydrocarbon material, which includes a furnace, one evaporator, pipes and control elements. The inside of the furnace is divided by a cover and a rotary conveyor, which is made in form a vertical shaft with blades, into n sections in which n (where n=1, 2, 3…) evaporators are fitted with provision for axial displacement, where one section is fitted with gates which are in contact with the conveyor, which interacts with a tipping device which is fitted with a scrubber and serves for loading the evaporators, and the other - for cooling the evaporators. The installation is also fitted with a mechanism for loading solid hydrocarbon material, pipes with control elements for loading liquid hydrocarbon material into the evaporator and pipes with control elements for carrying obtained products from the evaporator, placed on the cover of the furnace. The pipes with control elements for carrying obtained products from the evaporator are connected to inlets of condensers, first outlets of which are connected to containers, and second outlets - to sections of the furnace through a ventilator. The invention also relates to a method realised by this installation.

EFFECT: simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon material, wider raw material base, protection of the environment from wastes.

3 cl, 1 ex, 2 tbl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to petrochemistry, in particular to a method for the deep processing of hydrocarbon-containing raw materials.

Known methods for the processing of oil or secondary carbohydrate-containing raw materials to obtain the desired products (for example, coke and / or heavy and light fractions of gas-vapor products), including the following general steps: heat treatment with fractionation, mixing with other products, cooling (see, for example, patents of the Russian Federation No. 21125078, No. 2022994, RF application No. 20022120875, publication date 2004.06.20; USSR copyright certificates No. 1490134, No. 1450360 and No. 1214717).

A common drawback of the considered technical solutions is the impossibility of simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials.

A known method of oil refining (and its implementing installation described in the description of the invention) by distillation in an atmospheric column to obtain fuel oil, heating and distillation in the main and stripping vacuum columns to obtain vacuum gas oil and tar. Then the vacuum gas oil is sent to catalytic cracking, and tar for coking. To increase the yield of the target products, fuel oil after an atmospheric column is sent to an intermediate fractionating vacuum evaporator to obtain a component of vacuum gas oil, which is mixed with vacuum gas oil of the main and stripping vacuum columns. The remainder of the catalytic cracking is mixed with tar supplied for coking, and the heavy coking gas oil, without cooling, is mixed with fuel oil sent to an intermediate fractionating vacuum evaporator. The installation that implements the considered method comprises an atmospheric column connected to an intermediate vacuum fractionating evaporator, by means of a furnace connected to a main vacuum column connected to a stripping column connected via a coking unit to the inlet of the intermediate fractionating vacuum evaporator, the input of the coking unit is connected to the output of the cracking unit, the inlet of which is connected to an intermediate fractionating vacuum evaporator, a main vacuum column and a stripping vacuum column (see USSR copyright certificate No. 1447840, C10G 57/00 - prototype).

The considered method implements a consistent deep processing of oil, however, the simultaneous processing of liquid and solid carbon-containing raw materials is impossible.

The objective of the invention is the provision of deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials.

The technical result of the task is achieved by the fact that in the method of deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, including heat treatment in an evaporator of liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, cooling and separate preparation of target products, it is proposed to load and evaporate solid carbon-containing raw materials into the evaporator and then carry them out simultaneous heat treatment by sequential movement in the evaporator in the following temperature zones: up to 200 ° C; 350 ° C; 500 ° C and above 500 ° C with appropriate exposure.

The technical result of the task is also achieved by the fact that in the installation for implementing the method containing the furnace, at least one evaporator, pipelines and control elements, it is proposed to divide the internal volume of the furnace with a cover and a rotor conveyor made in the form of a vertical shaft with blades into "Sections in which to set" n "(where" n "= 1, 2, 3, ...) of evaporators with the possibility of axial movement. Moreover, the "n - 2" sections provide heating of the evaporators to 200 ° C; 350 ° C; 500 ° C and above 500 ° C with appropriate exposure. It is also proposed to equip one section with gates in contact with the conveyor, interacting with a tilter equipped with a cleaner for overloading the evaporators, and the other section to provide for cooling the evaporators. It is proposed to equip the installation with a mechanism for loading solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, pipelines with control elements for loading liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials into evaporators, and pipelines with control elements for removing the obtained products from evaporators, which should be placed on the furnace lid; connect pipelines with control elements for the removal of the obtained products from the evaporator to the inlets of the condensers, the first outputs of which are connected to the tanks, and the second outputs are connected through the fan to the sections of the furnace.

Figure 1 shows the installation for deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, top view with the cover removed.

Figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1.

Figure 3 - schematic hydraulic diagram.

The installation consists of a furnace 1, the internal volume of which is divided by a cover 2 (the cover 2 can be made rotating), the conveyor rotor 3, their sockets 4, in which six evaporators 5 are installed in six sections: I, II, III, IV, V, VI . Moreover, four evaporators are located in the chimney of the furnace, and two outside the chimney. The furnace 1 is equipped with a gate 6 in contact with the conveyor 7, on which the tilter 8 is mounted with a cleaner (not shown) of the evaporators 5 and a mechanism for loading solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials (not shown). The cover 2 is connected to the capacitors "A", "B", "C" and "D" with the corresponding pipelines 9 with valves 10 for removal of the products of 13 degradation and with the evaporator 5 with the corresponding pipelines 11 with valves 12 for supplying liquid 14 hydrocarbon-containing raw materials. The lid 2, the rotor conveyor 3 and the sockets 4 interact with the inner surface of the furnace 1, separating its volume into sections I, II, III, IV with a separator 15, respectively, providing heating of the evaporators 5 to temperatures: above 500 ° C; up to 500 ° C; up to 350 ° C; up to 200 ° C. V - section overload evaporators 5; VI - section cooling 5. A fan 16 (pump) is installed in the piping system 9 for removal of degradation products, which ensures evacuation to = 0.95 at. The furnace 1 is structurally provided with the emission of fuel combustion products (bypass channels, pipe, etc.) (not shown).

Installation works as follows.

On the tilter 8, solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials with catalysts (not shown) are loaded into the evaporator 5, followed by feeding the conveyor 7 through the gate 6 into the socket 4 of the furnace 1. The gate 6 is closed, through the pipe 11 with the valve 12, the liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw material 14 is recharged 14. The rotor conveyor 3 the evaporator 5 sequentially enters sections IV, III, II, I with appropriate heating to 200 ° C; 350 ° C; 500 ° C and above 500 ° C with appropriate exposure, followed by transportation to cooling section VI, then transportation section 5. Open the gate 6 and conveyor 7 to convey the evaporator 5 to the place of slag unloading, cleaning the evaporator 5 and subsequent loading of solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials 14. In parallel degradation products 13, respectively, from evaporators 5 located in sections I, II, III, IV, enter the condensers “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”, from which the condensate enters the appropriate storage tanks (not shown ), and non-condensing The bath products of destruction by the fan 16 are sent to the nozzle (not shown) of the furnace 1. The number of temperature zones corresponds to the existing technological processes (other temperature zones are possible), therefore the rotor is represented by 6 sections. The number of evaporators in the section (see figure 1) for example is shown by one, but with a larger capacity of the evaporators two or more.

The proposed technical solution allows for deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, which allows simultaneously with the expansion of the raw material base to protect the environment from industrial wastes and human life.

Examples of specific application.

An oven with six rotary-lid evaporators was manufactured. Evaporators are made of stainless steel ОХ18Н10Т with parameters: height - 2000 mm, diameter - 1200 mm, wall thickness - 6 mm, with payload

≈ 2 m ³ .

As the source of raw materials (mixture) used:

- solid hydrocarbon-containing recycled materials: car tires mainly with steel cord, rubber hoses, rubberized cables and high-pressure hoses;

- liquid hydrocarbon-containing recyclable materials: used automobile oils and wastes when cleaning tanks carrying fuel oil.

Samples of 5, 10, 15, and 20 meter depth (counting from the top) of the dump of the Allarechenskoye deposit, where copper, nickel, and cobalt are mined, were used as a catalyst; containing with an error, determined by the norms of error in determining the chemical composition of mineral raw materials according to the III category of accuracy (OST 41-08-212-04), see table. No. 1.

Download to the evaporators was carried out in the sequence:

- solid hydrocarbon-containing mixture;

- catalyst;

- liquid hydrocarbon-containing mixture.

The exposure in each temperature zone was »1.3 hours.

There were 4 downloads, each within 5 working days, to determine the effect of the amount of catalyst on the yield of the liquid fraction of the target product, see table. No. 2.

The conducted studies give reason to believe that the optimal catalyst content is ≈ 0.1 ÷ 0.2%, which provides an increase in the content of the target product leaving the liquid fraction by ≈ 8%. A further increase in the content of the catalyst of 0.3% is not economically feasible; the metal content of more than 10% is due to the fact that significant quantities of high-pressure hoses equipped with metal fittings and braid are used as a solid charge; and non-metals are charge pollutants (sand, clay, etc.), and the separation of metals from non-metals was carried out when the evaporator was cleaned onto a grid that retains magnetic metal.

Table number 1
The chemical composition of the mineral catalyst. Sample from the depth of the blade, m Content% SiO ₂ TiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ Fe ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO MnO K ₂ O Na ₂ O SO ₃ P ₂ O ₅ N ₂ O CuO Coo * Pt, Pd H ₂ O one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 fourteen fifteen 16 17 5 up to 100 0.43 9.63 25.34 2,52 3.69 0.11 1,11 0.91 22.21 0.10 3.26 2.00 0.051 0.01 0.22 10 up to 100 0.49 10.49 21.73 2.66 3.62 0.11 1.25 0.88 16.18 0.11 1,62 2.63 0,037 0.01 0.58 fifteen up to 100 0.49 10.17 21.60 2.68 3.70 0.11 1.25 0.88 16.39 0.10 1,59 2.74 0,035 0.015 0.41 twenty up to 100 0.79 10.38 16.48 3.08 7.65 0.11 1.31 1.13 7.61 0.13 0.78 0.96 0.017 0.017 0.7 * - solid solutions, including PtFe, PtCu and fused with platinum palladium, with Pt and Pd in an average ratio of 5: 1.

The effect of the catalyst on the yield of target products.

Table number 2 №№ loading in the evaporator, the content in% by weight the yield of the target product, the content in% by weight hydrocarbon mixture catalyst liquid fraction solid fraction when cleaning the evaporator solid liquid C ₅ -C ₉ , T _bales 40-150 ° C ** C ₉ -C ₂₀ , T _bale 150-340 ° C C ₂₀ -C ₃₅ ,
T _pl
40-65 ° C C ₃₅₊ , _mp above 65 ° C metals Non-metal one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 one 60 up to 100 0.05 18.1 14.2 31 24.4 11.0 1.3 2 62 up to 100 0.1 24.1 16.5 29th 17.6 10.7 2.1 3 60 up to 100 0.2 24.2 17.1 27 18.8 11,2 1.7 four 63 up to 100 0.3 24.2 17,2 27.4 18.0 11,4 1.8 ** the water content in the liquid fraction C ₅ -C ₉ did not exceed 25%, was separated in the sump, and with a decrease in the content of the solid fraction, the water content decreased.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, containing a furnace, one evaporator, pipelines and control elements, characterized in that the internal volume of the furnace with a cover and a rotor conveyor, made in the form of a vertical shaft with blades, is divided into "n" sections in which “n” (where “n” = 1, 2, 3 ...) of the evaporators with axial movement is installed, and one section is equipped with gates in contact with the conveyor, interacting with the tilter, equipped with a cleaner and um for overloading the evaporators, and the other for cooling the evaporators, and the installation is equipped with a mechanism for loading solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, pipelines with control elements for loading liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials into the evaporator and pipelines with control elements for removing the products obtained from the evaporator are placed on the furnace lid, while pipelines with controls for removing the products obtained from the evaporator are connected to the inputs of the condensers, the first outputs of which are connected to the capacitor tyami and second outputs - through a fan connected to the furnace sections. 2. A method for deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, carried out in the apparatus according to claim 1, including heat treatment in an evaporator of liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, cooling and separate preparation of target products, characterized in that prior to the start of heat treatment, solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials are also loaded into the evaporator with a catalyst, and then provide heating of the evaporators to 200 ° C, 350 ° C, 500 ° C and above 500 ° C with the corresponding exposure. 3. Installation for deep simultaneous processing of liquid and solid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the lid of the furnace is rotatable.

Images