RU2370724C1 - Explosion-proof and bullet-proof protective device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: means of protection.

SUBSTANCE: protective device includes external (explosion-proof) and internal (bullet-proof) circuits. External circuit is made of metal grids in the form of curtains with gathers, and internal circuit includes steel screen and metal grid curtains with cell size not exceeding one bullet gauge. Both circuits are preengineered and mounted as separate modules including 1-3 grid curtain units in metal frames, or steel screens. Modules are fastened to each other, with external circuit curtains mounted in metal racks tilted at 45-60° towards the curtains at both sides in fishbone pattern, and internal circuit curtains fixated at inner side of rack. Curtains are made of elastic grid with spatial lattice.

EFFECT: reduced metal consumption, reliable triggering of hollow-charge grenade in external circuit, intensive dispersion of explosive jet in air, simplified installation and disassembly, enhanced total efficiency of protective device.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of providing protection against the effects of conventional means of destruction (OSB), including small arms and grenade launchers, in particular cumulative effects, of structures primarily stationary or temporary, in which environmentally hazardous, explosive and flammable objects and materials are located, including ammunition, rocket launchers, flammable liquids and toxic materials.

The search for analogues of technical solutions was carried out according to the sources of patent and scientific and technical information of Russia (USSR), the USA, Germany, France, Great Britain, Japan, and the European Patent Community from 1975 to 2005. Promising areas and new principles for the creation of effective means of bulletproof and protection against cumulative ammunition are identified. Effective means of protection should include means using ceramic materials, means based on active (reactive) armor, means based on deflecting elements. Based on the analysis of existing methods and means, as well as extensive experimental research by the authors of this invention, a set of principles is formulated that provide high efficiency of protection against the effects of OSBs, including cumulative ammunition:

- premature actuation of cumulative ammunition;

- fragmentation of the cumulative jet in the air outside the focus;

- deflection of fragments of the cumulative jet in the lateral direction;

- deviation of the striking element (grenade) from the line of fire;

- withdrawal of a bullet (grenade) from the trajectory, etc.

To a certain extent, this combination is implemented in the invention of the authors "Anti-grenade and bulletproof protective device" [1]. Therefore, the closest analogue of the claimed technical solution (prototype) should be considered the invention according to the patent [1]. According to this patent, the protective device consists of external and internal circuits. The external circuit includes elements in the form of metal grids freely assembled in curtains placed in metal frames installed at an angle to each other. The curtain fastening means are removed from the protected object by 1 ... 10 lengths of a cumulative grenade, the distance between the rows of grids of the external contour is longer than the length of the cumulative grenade, and the internal circuit includes a steel screen 5 ... 10 mm thick mounted on the outer or inner side of the wall of the protected object at a distance of 2 ... 20 lengths of bullets and a mesh curtain with a cell clearance in the assembled state of not more than a bullet caliber, installed in front of a steel screen at a distance of 2 ... 20 lengths of bullets.

The disadvantage of the protective device according to the patent [1] is the high metal consumption, mainly due to the large number of racks for attaching curtains. Another disadvantage is the presence of several nomenclatures of metal grids such as chain-link or armored. The disadvantage is the practical absence of the influence of grid (such as a chain-link or armor-clad) curtains on the lateral divergence of fragments of a cumulative jet, therefore, there is still a fairly compact distribution of fragments of a cumulative jet on the metal screen of the inner contour.

The objectives of the present invention are:

- reduction of metal consumption of the protective device;

- ensuring one hundred percent operation of the cumulative ammunition (grenade) on the first mesh curtain;

- ensuring intense divergence of fragments of the cumulative jet in the air beyond the focal length of the cumulative charge (focus);

- unification of mesh curtains of internal and external contours;

- simplification of installation and disassembly of protective equipment;

- improving the overall effectiveness of the anti-cumulative and bulletproof protective device.

The tasks are achieved in the claimed technical solution by the following means and techniques.

The intensity of the protective device is reduced by reducing the number of racks, as well as by reducing the thickness of the steel screen. The reduction in the thickness of the steel screen is ensured, in particular, due to the intense lateral divergence of the fragments of the cumulative jet, as a result of which individual fragments distributed on a large surface act on the steel screen, which significantly reduces the breakdown ability compared to the compact distribution of fragments. In addition, the use of a frequent volumetric mesh facilitates the interception of some fragments. Lateral divergence of fragments of the cumulative jet is ensured by the use of a frequent elastic volumetric mesh with a cell clearance in the assembled state of not more than the diameter of the cumulative jet. Moreover, the curtains from these nets are fixed on the racks at an angle of 45 ... 60 ° on both sides of the racks in the form of a "Christmas tree" with mutual overlap in the direction of movement of the cumulative jet (bullet).

One hundred percent operation of the cumulative ammunition is ensured by the fact that the size of the clearance of the cell of the net weaving mesh in the assembled state is substantially less than the surface of the sensitive element of the fuse of a cumulative grenade.

Improving the overall effectiveness of the protective device is also achieved by modular construction of both external and internal circuits, convenient fastening of the modules to each other, simple and convenient design of the racks and fastening them in an upright position using stretch marks.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the prototype shows that the claimed technical solution differs from the prototype in that the external and internal circuits are collapsible and mounted as separate modules, including one or three blocks of mesh curtains or steel screens: the modules are fastened together the direction of the perimeter being protected by bolted or welded joints without a gap; mesh curtains of the external contour are mounted on metal racks at an angle of 45 ... 60 ° to them on both sides in the form of a "herringbone" with mutual overlapping of the curtains in the direction of flight of the bullet (cumulative grenade) and are removed from the wall of the protected object at a distance of 5 ... 10 lengths of the grenade, and net curtains of the inner circuit are fixed on the outside of the rack; mesh curtains are made of a frequent elastic metal mesh weave with a cell clearance in the assembled state of not more than the diameter of the cumulative jet of cumulative ammunition; racks for metal mesh curtains are made of metal corners with a base in the form of a cross, and their stability in the vertical position is provided by stretch marks.

Thus, the claimed anti-cumulative and bulletproof protective device meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Comparison of the proposed solutions with other technical solutions in this area did not reveal signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "inventive step".

The drawing shows a diagram of the anti-cumulative and bulletproof protective device. Position 1 denotes the wall of the protected object; position 2 - steel screen; position 3 - rack for attaching mesh curtains of the inner contour; position 4 - mesh curtains of the inner contour; position 5 - rack external circuit; position 6 - mesh curtains of the external circuit; position 7 - stretching racks of the external and internal contours.

The action of the protective device is as follows. When exposed to a bullet (of any caliber), it begins to unfold around the center of mass on the first grid of the external contour. With the passage of subsequent grids, the turning angle increases, and by the time of impact on the steel screen, the turning angle approaches 90 °. The penetration ability of a bullet due to a turn is reduced by 3 ... 5 times in comparison with axisymmetric penetration. Punching the screen, the bullet loses almost all of its kinetic energy.

When exposed to a cumulative grenade, its fuse is fired on the first curtain of the external circuit. A cumulative jet passing through a frequent elastic grid with a cell clearance less than the diameter of the cumulative jet and set at an angle to the direction of the jet begins to fragment, and due to vibration of the elastic weave of the volumetric weave, the fragments deviate laterally. The authors experimentally established that in the absence of deflecting elements (for example, grids) along the path of the cumulative jet, fragments of the jet diverge in the lateral direction by an angle of 2 ... 4 degrees. Using volumetric weaving nets according to this technical solution, the angle of lateral divergence of the fragments of the cumulative stream is 20 degrees or more. This effect ensures the distribution of fragments of the cumulative jet over a large surface. In addition, subsequent nets additionally intercept a significant portion of the fragments, which generally significantly reduces the damaging ability of the cumulative ammunition.

Thus, the proposed anti-cumulative and bulletproof protective device with high efficiency will protect environmentally hazardous objects from the effects of bullets of various calibers and cumulative ammunition, including ammunition of hand grenade launchers of various calibers. According to estimates and experimental studies, the reliability of the protection of objects is: from the impact of bullets almost 1.0; from the impact of cumulative grenades such as PG-7VL RPG-7 hand grenade launchers in the range of 0.9 ... 0.95.

Information sources

1. Anti-grenade and bulletproof protective device. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2122702 dated December 29, 1997.

Claims (2)

1. A protective device from the effects of cumulative grenades and bullets, consisting of external and internal contours, while the external circuit includes deflecting elements in the form of metal nets, for example netting or armor-shaped, made in the form of prefabricated curtains mounted at an angle to each other on the distance between them is more than the length of the cumulative grenade and remote from the protected object at a distance equal to 1-10 lengths of the cumulative grenade, and the inner contour includes a steel screen 5-10 mm thick, installed with an external or internal the front side of the wall of the protected object at a distance of 2-20 bullet lengths, metal mesh curtains with a mesh size of not more than one caliber of bullets installed in front of the steel screen at a distance of 2-20 bullet lengths, characterized in that the curtains are placed in a metal frame , the external and internal contours are collapsible and mounted as separate modules, including 1-3 blocks of metal mesh curtains or steel screens, and the modules are fastened to each other in the direction of the perimeter of the protected object b welded or welded joint without a gap, moreover, the external curtain mesh curtains are mounted on metal racks at an angle of 45 -60 ° to them on both sides in the form of a "herringbone" with mutual overlapping of the curtains relative to the direction of flight of the cumulative grenade or bullet, and the internal mesh curtains are fixed on the outside of the rack, while the mesh curtains are made of a metal elastic weave of volumetric weaving with a cell size in the assembled curtain of no more than the diameter of the cumulative grenade, and the racks are made of metal corner with a base in the form of crosspieces, and the corners fastened upright braces. 2. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh curtains of the external contour are removed from the wall of the protected object at a distance equal to 5-10 lengths of a cumulative grenade.

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