RU2369885C2 - Double-channel catadioptric optical system (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in systems for tracking and controlling flight of objects radiating in the visible and infrared spectrum. The system contains a long-focus catadioptric lens made from three components. In the cut off zone of the first component there is a fourth lens component. The third and fourth components form a short-focus object lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of the long-focus catadioptric lens. The first channel is a control channel with spectral range 600…1000 nm. The second channel is a reception distance measuring channel with spectral range 1530…1570 nm. Both channels include the first, second and third components of the catadioptric lens and a spectrum-dividing component, placed between the third component and a matrix "Photo-transforming Device". There is an adjustable circular opaque diaphragm between the first and second components and an opaque screen in front of the fourth lens component on the object side with possibility of moving in an and out from the light zone of the short-focus object lens.

EFFECT: increased noise immunity, detection capacity, speed of operation and reliability with simultaneous reduction of its size.

17 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of optical instrumentation, namely, to lenses of multichannel systems, and can be used to create tracking systems and flight control of radiating objects in the visible and infrared spectral regions.

The requirements for such systems are high sensitivity and resolution for the detection and recognition of objects at extreme distances, speed, noise immunity, reliability, multifunctionality and minimal weight, size and cost characteristics.

Known two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system) [1], containing the first and second channels having a common axis of sight and including a fast long telephoto lens-mirror lens, consisting of three components,

the first of which, along the rays, is made in the form of a plano-convex lens, convex to the space of objects,

in the central zone of the second flat surface of the first component along the rays of the first component, a spectro-splitting coating is applied that fully reflects the working spectral range of the first channel and completely transmits the working spectral range of the second channel,

the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,

the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,

however, the first channel of the system includes the first, second and third components of the mirror-lens lens.

The first channel is a passive night vision channel (NVD) with a working spectral range of radiation of 700 ... 920 nm, which is reflected by a spectro-splitting coating deposited on the second surface of the first component along the rays, except for a narrow band of laser illumination of 820 ... 860 nm, which this coating passes and focuses in the rear focal plane of the mirror lens on the photocathode of the electron-optical converter (EOC).

The second channel of the system is an active-pulsed night (AI) channel operating in a narrow spectral band of laser illumination of 820 ... 860 nm and including, in addition to the first, second and third components common to both channels, the fourth component mounted from the side of the space of objects in front of the first component on the optical axis and containing three lenses. The third lens along the rays of the fourth component has an internal reflective coating on the first from the side of the surface of the objects of the surface for the spectral region 820 ... 860 nm.

The radiation of the second channel passes through the spectrodividing coating in the central zone of the second surface of the first component, then through the three lenses of the fourth component and is reflected by the coating deposited on the first from the space of objects surface of the fourth component. Then it again passes through the three lenses of the fourth component, falls on the third component of the mirror lens, passes through it and focuses in the rear focal plane of the second channel, which coincides with the focal plane of the mirror lens, forming an image of a different scale on the photocathode of the same image intensifier that and in the first channel.

The advantage of such a system [1] is the rational layout due to the coaxial mutual arrangement of the channels and the use of the central screening zone of the first component of the mirror-lens for applying a spectro-splitting coating and placing the components of the second channel.

The disadvantages of the system include the fact that images of both channels are formed simultaneously on the photocathode of one image intensifier tube, overlapping one another and varying in intensity and scale, which under certain conditions can cause serious mutual interference in the images.

In addition, the AI channel of the system [1] contains a large number of optical elements, has a large longitudinal size and focal length with a small entrance pupil diameter, which leads to a weakening of the useful signal in the channel and a decrease in its range.

Known two-channel mirror-lens system containing a mirror-lens channel of a night vision device (NVD) with an image intensifier tube and a lens thermal imaging (TP) channel [2] located in the zone of central shielding of the mirror-lens lens having a common sight axis.

The mirror-lens channel of the NVD is made in the form of four components, the first of which has a cut out central zone, an annular reflective coating is applied to the second along the rays of the surface of the second component, the third component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and the cut out central zone. The fourth component is a three-lens field aberration compensator.

The lens TP channel is made in the form of two components spaced along the optical axis at a considerable distance sufficient to install a rotary mirror between them and so that the second component of the TP channel does not shield the annular light zone of the NVD mirror-lens channel.

The system provides a rational layout and reduction in size due to the use of the central shielding zone of the first component to accommodate the second channel.

The different working spectral ranges of the NVD channels (0.68 ... 0.88 μm) and TP (8 ... 12 μm) do not allow the use of the same optical elements in both of them even partially, which leads to a complication of the system.

The closest in technical essence to the first and second variants of the claimed solutions is an optical system [3], which is part of a portable combined device of all-weather and around-the-clock action.

It is a two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system) containing the first and second channels having a common sight axis, and including a fast long-focus mirror-lens lens, consisting of three components,

the first of which along the rays is a flat-convex lens convex to the space of objects, and has a cut out central zone,

on the second surface of the first component along the rays of the surface, an annular reflective coating is applied,

the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,

the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses.

In the cut out central zone of the first component, a fourth lens component is located, consisting of at least three lenses and having a common sight axis with a mirror-lens lens.

In this case, the third and fourth components are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of the long-focus mirror-lens.

In this case, the first, second, third and fourth components are included in the first channel of the system.

The first, second and third components create a large-scale image of the object in a narrow field of view, and the fourth and third components create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view in the first channel of the system on the same photodetector, providing variable magnification and expanding the range of the first channel .

The first channel is a low-level television laser active-pulse (AI) channel and includes an image intensifier tube and a television (TV) camera with a photodetector array (FPU) as a receiving device. The image converter converts the infrared image of the object on the photocathode into a visible one and enhances its brightness on its screen, and the lens mounted on the optical axis between the image intensifier and the TV camera transfers the image of the object from the image intensifier screen to the matrix FPU of the TV camera.

The second channel of the system is a daytime television (DTV) channel of a narrow field of view and includes the fourth and fifth lens components and a TV camera with a matrix FPU. The fourth component, located in the hole of the first component of the AI channel, contains three lenses and is common to the AI and DTV channels. The fifth component contains two lenses and is spaced apart from the fourth along the optical axis to a considerable distance sufficient to mount a rotary mirror and so that the fifth component of the DTV channel does not shield the annular light zone of the mirror-lens AI channel.

The prototype provides a high aperture, resolution and a variable increase in the AI channel with the rational use of useful space due to the placement of the fourth component, common for AI and DTV channels, in the central screening area of the mirror lens.

However, due to the two-stage conversion and image formation in the AI channel, first an image intensifier tube, then a TV camera with a matrix FPU, the mass, dimensions and cost of the system remain large. In addition, a flat DTV channel mirror mounted on the optical axis of the system between the fourth and third components along the beams shields a part of the radiation and thereby attenuates the useful signal in the short-focus lens of the AI channel, which leads to a decrease in the channel's detecting ability and reliability.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the noise immunity, detection ability, speed and reliability of the system while reducing its weight and size characteristics. The problem is solved essentially the same way in the variants united by a single inventive concept.

A two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system) (option 1) is proposed, comprising the first and second channels having a common line of sight, and including a fast long-focus mirror-lens lens consisting of three components,

the first of which along the rays is a flat-convex lens convex to the space of objects, and has a cut out central zone,

on the second surface of the first component along the rays of the surface, an annular reflective coating is applied,

the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,

the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,

at the same time, in the cut out central zone of the first component, a fourth lens component is located, consisting of at least three lenses and having a common sight axis with a mirror-lens lens.

the third and fourth components are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of a long-focus mirror-lens lens,

the first, second, third and fourth components are included in the first channel of the system,

the first, second and third components create a large-scale image of the object in a narrow field of view, and the fourth and third components create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view in the first channel of the system on the same photodetector, providing variable magnification and expanding the range of the first channel .

What is new is that the first channel of the system forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm and forms an image of the object on an array photodetector (FPU), and the second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm and fixes laser pulses reflected from the object on infrared (IR) FPU.

A spectro-splitting component is introduced into the system, located on the optical axis between the third component and the matrix FPU and made in the form of a glued prism, in which a spectro-splitting coating transmitting radiation in the spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm to the matrix FPU KU and reflecting radiation in the spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm on IR FPU MPC, deposited on an internal bonded surface, inclined at an angle to the optical axis. The value of the angle of inclination is determined by design or technological conditions.

KU and MPC channels include the first, second, and third components of a mirror-lens objective and a spectro-splitting component, which serves to separate the channels along the spectrum with minimal loss of the useful signal in each of them.

The use of the same elements of the mirror-lens objective and the spectrodividing component in both channels makes it possible to simplify the system, reduce the number of components and the mass and dimensional characteristics while ensuring a high aperture ratio and high levels of the useful signal in the KU and MPC, which determine the required range of the system. This ensures high image quality in both channels due to minimal chromatic aberrations of the mirror lens in a wide spectral range.

The system includes a sliding annular opaque diaphragm located on the KU axis between the first and second components, and an opaque screen located in front of the fourth lens component from the side of the object space and installed with the possibility of input / output from the light zone of the short-focus lens. They serve to alternately overlap the radiation that enters the matrix FPU KU through a telephoto mirror lens and a short focus lens. Due to this, images of the object, formed alternately at different scales, with different angular fields of view on the same matrix FPU, do not interfere with each other. This not only significantly extends the range of KU operation without increasing dimensions, but also increases the noise immunity of the system. The use of one common expensive matrix FPU, as well as computing and electronic signal processing devices, can reduce the cost of the system.

Between an opaque screen and a fourth lens component located in the central shielding zone of the first component, a component of two optical wedges is inserted, mounted to rotate each wedge around the optical axis. By turning the wedges around the optical axis, the mirror-lens and lens short-focus KU lenses are aligned.

A flat-convex lens is introduced into the MPC, with the flat side facing the space of objects and glued to the face of the spectrodividing component, which ensures that the radiation reflected from the spectrodividing coating enters the MPC. The lens is aligned with the mirror lens. It can be made either single or glued from two lenses.

A lens has been introduced into the MPC, which is mounted behind the plane-convex lens along the rays coaxially with it at a distance, which ensures that the annular light zone of the mirror lens is not shielded, and focuses the radiation on the IR FPU. The lens, together with the plano-convex lens of the spectrodividing component, comprise the optics of image transfer from the rear focal plane of the mirror-lens to IR FPU. Their introduction allows us to provide the required optical characteristics of MPC and more compactly accommodate IR FPU.

To suppress interference in the MPC due to the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm entering the IR FPU through the short-focus lens, the central zone of the convex surface of the plane-convex lens, within which the specified radiation passes, is opaque for its complete shielding.

For the second version of the system, the closest in technical essence is also the system [3].

A two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system) (option 2) is proposed, comprising the first and second channels having a common line of sight, and including a fast long-focus mirror-lens lens consisting of three components,

the first of which along the rays is a flat-convex lens convex to the space of objects, and has a cut out central zone,

on the second surface of the first component along the rays of the surface, an annular reflective coating is applied,

the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,

the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,

at the same time, in the cut out central zone of the first component, a fourth lens component is located, consisting of at least three lenses and having a common sight axis with a mirror-lens lens.

the third and fourth components are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of a long-focus mirror-lens lens,

the first, second, third and fourth components are included in the first channel of the system,

the first, second and third components create a large-scale image of the object in a narrow field of view, and the fourth and third components create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view in the first channel of the system on the same photodetector. This provides a variable increase and expands the range of the first channel.

What is new is that the first channel of the system forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm and forms an image of the object on an array photodetector (FPU), and the second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm and fixes laser pulses reflected from the object on infrared (IR) FPU.

A spectro-splitting component is introduced into the system, located on the optical axis behind the third component along the rays and made in the form of a glued prism, in which a spectro-splitting coating transmitting radiation in the spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm to the matrix FPU KU and reflecting radiation in the spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm on IR FPU MPC, deposited on an internal bonded surface, inclined at an angle to the optical axis. The value of the angle of inclination is determined by design or technological conditions.

KU and MPC channels include the first, second, and third components of a mirror-lens lens and a spectro-splitting component, which serves to separate channels with minimal loss of useful signal power in each of them.

The use of the same elements of the mirror-lens objective and the spectrodividing component in both channels makes it possible to simplify the system, reduce the number of components and the mass and dimensional characteristics while ensuring a high aperture ratio and high levels of the useful signal in the KU and MPC, which determine the required range of the system. This ensures high image quality in both channels due to minimal chromatic aberrations of the mirror lens in a wide spectral range.

In the KU, a diaphragm of the field of view, installed in the common plane of images of the mirror-lens and lens short-focus KU lenses, and a lens image transfer lens are introduced coaxially with it and sequentially along the rays of the rays. The lens consists of the fifth and sixth lens components and optically matches the plane of the diaphragm of the field of view with the plane of the matrix FPU. The introduction of the diaphragm of the field of view and the lens of the image transfer lens significantly increases the noise immunity of the control unit from background radiation.

The fifth and sixth lens components consist of at least three lenses each.

An aperture diaphragm is inserted between the fifth and sixth lens components of the KU, the plane of which is optically coupled to both the entrance pupil of the mirror-lens lens, having an annular shape with central shielding, and the entrance pupil of the lens short-focus lens, which has a circle shape. The diameters of the entrance pupils are selected so that their images do not overlap each other in the plane of the aperture diaphragm,

The aperture diaphragm is rotatable around the optical axis, contains one annular hole with central shielding and one circular hole, the sizes of which correspond to the cross sections of the beams of the mirror-lens and lens short-focus lenses in the plane of the aperture diaphragm. By turning the diaphragm around the optical axis from one fixed position to another, the radiation passing to the matrix FPU through the mirror-lens and lens short-focus KUs is completely blocked alternately. Due to this, images of the object are formed alternately at different scales, with different angular fields of view on the same matrix FPU and do not interfere with each other. This not only provides a variable increase, significantly expanding the range of KU operation without increasing dimensions, but also increases the noise immunity of the system. This method of changing the increase in KU is implemented quite simply, increases the speed and reliability of the system.

In front of the fourth lens component from the side of the object’s space, located in the zone of central shielding of the first component, a component of two optical wedges is inserted, which can rotate each wedge around the optical axis. By turning the wedges around the optical axis, the mirror-lens and lens short-focus KU lenses are aligned.

A flat-convex lens is introduced into the MPC, with the flat side facing the space of objects and glued to the face of the spectrodividing component, which ensures that the radiation reflected from the spectrodividing coating enters the MPC. The lens is aligned with the mirror lens. It can be made either single or glued from two lenses.

A lens has been introduced into the MPC, which is mounted behind the plane-convex lens along the rays coaxially with it at a distance, which ensures that the annular light zone of the mirror lens is not shielded, and focuses the radiation on the IR FPU. The lens, together with the plano-convex lens of the spectrodividing component, comprise the optics of image transfer from the rear focal plane of the mirror-lens to IR FPU. Their introduction allows us to provide the required optical characteristics of MPC and more compactly accommodate IR FPU.

To suppress interference in the MPC due to the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm entering the IR FPU through the short-focus lens, the central zone of the convex surface of the plane-convex lens, within which the specified radiation passes, is opaque for its complete shielding.

Between the fifth and sixth lens components of the KU, a protective screen is introduced, installed with the possibility of input / output from the light zone of the KU and providing simultaneous complete overlap of radiation from the mirror-lens and lens short-focus lenses of the KU. It serves to protect the matrix FPU from destructive natural and organized radiation.

Between the sixth KU component and the matrix FPU on the optical axis, a second spectro-splitting component and synchronization FPU are introduced. The second spectrodividing component is made in the form of a glued prism, in which the spectrodividing coating is applied on the internal glued surface inclined to the optical axis at an angle selected according to the technological conditions. The spectrodividing coating reflects the radiation of the spectral range of 600 ... 850 nm to the matrix FPU and transmits the radiation of the spectral range of 850 ... 1000 nm to the FPU synchronization with minimal power loss of the useful signals on both FPUs. FPU synchronization is introduced in the KU to generate pulses that control the matrix of the FPU, and increases the noise immunity and reliability of the KU.

Between the second spectrodividing component and one of the FPU KU or both immediately entered a diaphragm with a hole that limits the size of the field of view of KU. It also increases the noise immunity of the system.

The diaphragm is made to rotate around the optical axis and has two or more holes of different sizes, which alternately limit the size of the field of view of the control unit during the control cycle.

For the third version of the system, the closest in technical essence is the system [1].

A two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system) (option 3) is proposed, comprising the first and second channels having a common line of sight and including a fast long-focus mirror-lens lens consisting of three components.

The first component along the rays is made in the form of a plano-convex lens convex to the space of objects, in the central zone of the second along the rays of the flat surface of the first component, a spectro-splitting coating is applied that fully reflects the working spectral range of the first channel and completely transmits the working spectral range of the second channel ,

the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,

the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,

however, the first channel of the system includes the first, second and third components of the mirror-lens lens.

What is new is that a matrix photodetector (FPU) is installed in the first channel, which is installed in the focal plane of the mirror lens behind the third component along the rays.

In this case, the first channel forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm, the radiation in which, reflected by the spectrodividing coating of the first component, focuses and forms an image of the object on a matrix FPU.

The second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm, the radiation in which passes through the spectro-splitting coating of the first component.

The fourth component is introduced into the second channel, which is installed in front of the first component from the side of the space of objects. The fourth component is made in the form of an AP-90 ° prism and is located in such a way that one of the leg faces of the AP-90 ° prism is glued to the first surface of the first component, in the central part of which there is a plane.

At the same time, an infrared (IR) FPU was introduced in the MPC, which was installed behind the second along the cathet face of the AR-90 ° prism in the focal plane of the first and second components and fixing the laser pulses reflected from the object.

IR FPU is removed from the AR-90 ° prism to a distance ensuring the absence of shielding of the annular light zone of the mirror-lens lens.

Between the prism of the AR-90 ° and the IR FPU, a rotary mirror and a lens can be introduced to provide image transfer from the rear focal plane of the first and second components to the IR FPU. Their introduction allows us to ensure optimal optical characteristics of the MPC and more compactly accommodate IR FPU.

In this case, the rotary mirror and the lens lens are removed from the AR-90 ° prism to a distance that ensures the absence of screening of the annular light zone of the mirror-lens lens.

In the third version of the system, the circuit is significantly simplified, the number of components in the channels is reduced, and the noise immunity is increased compared to the prototype [1]. This was achieved due to the location of the AR-90 ° prism in the shielding zone of the first component of the mirror-lens lens, the introduction of IR FPU in the MPC, and the implementation of a spectro-splitting coating to separate KU and MPC along the working spectral ranges with minimal loss of useful signals in both channels.

At the same time, a large aperture and diffraction quality of the image in the KU and MPC are preserved due to the minimal chromatic aberrations of the mirror lens in a wide spectral range (600 ... 1000 nm and 1530 ... 1570 nm), which determine the resolution and range of the system.

Thus, in all the proposed variants of two-channel mirror-lens systems, united by a single inventive concept, the task of increasing the detecting ability, speed, noise immunity and reliability, as well as improving the mass-dimensional characteristics, was solved essentially in the same way, namely: the coaxial arrangement of the channels , using the same optical components in different channels due to the selection and design of mirror-lens lenses with minimal chromatic aberration radios in a wide spectral range, channel separation with the help of spectro-dividing components according to the working spectral ranges with minimal power loss of useful signals.

The essence of the proposed invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the optical diagram of a two-channel mirror-lens system in the first embodiment.

Figure 2 is an optical diagram of a two-channel mirror-lens system in the first embodiment with optics for image transfer to the MPC.

Figure 3 is an optical diagram of a two-channel mirror-lens system in the second embodiment.

Figure 4 shows the configuration of the movable aperture diaphragm in the second embodiment.

Figure 5 shows the optical diagram of a two-channel mirror-lens system in the third embodiment.

Figure 6 is an optical diagram of a two-channel mirror-lens system in the third embodiment with optics for image transfer to the MPC.

The two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system) in the first embodiment (Fig. 1) contains the first and second channels having a common sight axis. The system includes a mirror-lens lens containing a component 1 mounted along the beam in the form of a plano-convex lens convex to the space of objects and having a cut out central zone, component 2 in the form of a meniscus facing concave sides to the space of objects having an internal reflective a coating on the second surface along the beam and a cut out central zone, and component 3 in the form of a lens compensator for field aberrations, consisting of three lenses.

In the cut out central zone of component 1, component 4 consisting of four lenses, two of which are glued, is placed coaxially with the mirror-lens lens 1-3, while components 1-4 enter the first channel of the system.

Components 4 and 3 are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of a long-focus mirror-lens lens 1-3.

Components 1-3 create a large-scale image of an object in a narrow field of view, and components 4, 3 create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view in the first channel of the system on the same photodetector (FPU).

The first channel of the system forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm and forms an image of the object on a matrix FPU, and the second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm and captures laser reflected from the object pulses on infrared (IR) FPU.

A spectrodividing component 5 is introduced into the system, located on the optical axis between component 3 and the matrix FPU and made in the form of a glued prism, in which a spectrodividing coating that transmits the radiation of the spectral range 600 ... 1000 nm to the matrix FPU KU and reflective radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm on IR FPU PDK, deposited on an internal bonded surface, inclined at an angle of 45 ° to the optical axis.

KU and MPC channels include components 1-3 of a mirror-lens objective and a spectro-splitting component 5, which serves to separate the channels along the spectrum with minimal loss of the useful signal in each of them.

A sliding ring opaque diaphragm 6, located on the KU axis between components 1 and 2, and an opaque screen 7, located in front of the lens component 4 from the side of the object space and installed with the possibility of input / output from the light zone of the short-focus lens 4, 3, are introduced into the system. They serve to alternately overlap the radiation that enters the matrix FPU KU through a telephoto mirror lens 1-3 and a short focus lens 4, 3. Due to this, the images of the object formed oocheredno at different scales, different angular fields of view on one matrix FPA not interfere with each other.

Between the opaque screen 7 and the lens component 4 located in the zone of the central shielding of component 1, a component 8 of two optical wedges inserted with the possibility of rotation of each wedge around the optical axis is introduced. By turning the wedges around the optical axis, the coaxiality of the mirror-lens 1-3 and short-focus lenses 4, 3 KU is ensured.

Figure 2 shows a modification of the system in the first embodiment, in which a plano-convex lens 9 is introduced into the MPC, facing the space of objects with the flat side and glued to the edge of the spectro-splitting component 5, which ensures that the radiation reflected from the spectro-splitting coating reaches the MPC. A spectrodividing coating is applied on an internal bonded surface, which constitutes an angle of 67.5 ° with the axis of the optical system. The lens 9 is aligned with the mirror-lens lens 1-3 and is made of glued from two single lenses.

A lens objective 10 is introduced into the MPC, mounted behind the lens 9 along the rays coaxially with it and focusing the radiation on the IR FPU. The lens 10 together with the lens 9 comprise the optics of image transfer from the rear focal plane of the mirror-lens lens 1-3 to the IR FPU. The distance between the lens 9 and the lens 10 should be large enough so as not to shield the annular light zone of the mirror lens 1-3.

To suppress interference in the MPC due to the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm entering the IR FPU through the short-focus lens 4, 3, the central zone of the lens 9, within which the specified radiation passes, is opaque for its full shielding.

The system in the second embodiment (figure 3) contains the first and second channels having a common sight axis. The system includes a mirror-lens lens containing a component 1 mounted along the beam in the form of a plano-convex lens convex to the space of objects and having a cut out central zone, component 2 in the form of a meniscus facing concave sides to the space of objects having an internal reflective a coating on the second surface along the beam and a cut out central zone, and component 3 in the form of a lens compensator for field aberrations, consisting of three lenses.

In the cut out central zone of component 1, component 4 is located, consisting of four lenses, two of which are glued, having a common sight axis with a mirror-lens lens 1-3, while components 1-4 enter the first channel of the system.

Components 4 and 3 are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of a long-focus mirror-lens lens 1-3.

Components 1-3 create a large-scale image of an object in a narrow field of view, and components 4, 3 create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view on the same photodetector (FPU).

The first channel of the system forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm and forms an image of the object on a matrix FPU, and the second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm and captures laser reflected from the object pulses on infrared (IR) FPU.

A spectro-splitting component 5 is introduced into the system, located on the optical axis behind component 3 along the rays and made in the form of a glued prism, in which a spectro-splitting coating that transmits the radiation of the spectral range 600 ... 1000 nm to the matrix FPU KU and reflects the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm on IR FPU MPC, deposited on an internal bonded surface, comprising an angle of 67.5 ° with the optical axis of the system.

KU and MPC channels include components 1-3 of a mirror-lens objective and a spectro-splitting component 5, which serves to separate the channels along the spectrum with minimal loss of the useful signal in each of them.

A diaphragm of the field of view 6 installed in the common plane of images of the mirror-lens 1-3 and lens short-focus lenses 4, 3 of the KU, and a lens image transfer lens are introduced into the KU coaxially with it and sequentially along the rays of the rays. The lens consists of lens components 7, 8 and optically matches the plane of the diaphragm of the field of view 6 with the plane of the matrix FPU.

The lens component 7 consists of five single lenses and includes a light filter blocking the short-wavelength non-working portion of the KU spectrum, component 8 consists of five single lenses.

An aperture diaphragm 9 is inserted between the KU lens components 7 and 8, the plane of which is optically coupled to both the entrance pupil of the mirror-lens lens 1-3, which has an annular shape with central shielding, and the entrance pupil of the short-focus lens 4, 3, which has a circle shape . The diameters of the entrance pupils are selected so that their images do not overlap each other in the plane of the aperture diaphragm 9.

The configuration of the holes a and b in the aperture diaphragm 9 is shown in figa). The aperture diaphragm 9 is rotatable around the optical axis, contains one annular hole a with central shielding and one circular hole b, the sizes of which correspond to the cross sections of the mirror-lens beams 1-3 and short-focus lenses 4, 3 of the lenses in the plane of the diaphragm 9. Turn of the diaphragm 9 around the optical axis from one fixed position to another, the radiation passing to the matrix FPU through the mirror-lens 1-3 and short-focus lens is completely blocked in turn 4, 3 lenses KU.

In front of the lens component 4 (FIG. 3), from the side of the object space located in the zone of central shielding of component 1, a component 10 of two optical wedges inserted with the possibility of rotation of each wedge around the optical axis is introduced. By turning the wedges around the optical axis, the coaxiality of the mirror-lens 1-3 and short-focus lenses 4, 3 of the KU lenses is ensured.

A flat-convex lens 11 is introduced into the MPC, the flat side facing the space of objects and glued to the face of the spectrodividing component 5, which ensures that the radiation reflected from the spectrodividing coating reaches the MPC. The lens 11 is aligned with the mirror-lens lens 1-3 and is made of glued from two single lenses.

A lens 12 was introduced into the MPC, mounted behind the lens 11 along the rays coaxially with it and focusing the radiation on the IR FPU. The lens 12 consists of three lenses, one of which is glued, and together with the lens 11 is the optics of image transfer from the rear focal plane of the mirror-lens lens 1-3 to IR FPU.

The distance between the plano-convex lens 11 and the lens 12 should be large enough so as not to shield the annular light zone of the mirror lens.

To suppress interference in the MPC due to the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm entering the IR FPU through the short-focus lens 4.3, the central zone of the lens 11, within which the specified radiation passes, is opaque for its complete shielding.

Between the lens components 7 and 8 of the KU, a protective screen 13 is inserted, which is installed with the possibility of input / output from the light zone of the KU and providing simultaneous complete overlap of the radiation of the mirror-lens 1-3 and short-focus 4, 3 KU lenses.

Between the KU component 8 and the matrix FPU on the optical axis, a second spectro-splitting component 14 and synchronization FPU are introduced. The spectrodividing component 14 is made in the form of a glued prism, in which the spectrodividing coating is applied on the inner glued surface, which makes an angle of 67.5 ° with the optical axis. The spectrodividing coating reflects the radiation of the spectral range of 600 ... 850 nm to the matrix FPU and transmits the radiation of the spectral range of 850 ... 1000 nm to the FPU of synchronization with minimal loss of power of the useful signals. FPU synchronization introduced in KU to generate pulses that control the matrix FPU.

A diaphragm 15 with an opening limiting the size of the field of view of the control unit during the control cycle is introduced between the spectro-splitting component 14 and the FPU synchronization unit. The diaphragm 15 is rotatable around the optical axis.

The system in the third embodiment (figure 5) contains the first and second channels having a common sight axis. The system includes a fast aperture telephoto mirror lens containing component 1 in the form of a plano-convex lens, convex to the space of objects. In the central zone of the second along the rays of the flat surface of the component 1 is applied spectrodividing coating, fully reflecting the working spectral range of the first channel and completely transmitting the working spectral range of the second channel. Next, along the rays of the rays, component 2 is installed in the form of a meniscus facing the space of objects with its concave sides, having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the beam and a cut out central zone, and component 3 in the form of a lens field aberration compensator consisting of three lenses.

The first channel of the system includes components 1-3.

A matrix photodetector (FPU) is introduced into the first channel, which is installed in the focal plane of the mirror-lens lens 1-3 behind component 3 along the rays.

In this case, the first channel forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm, the radiation in which, reflected by the spectrodividing coating of component 1, is focused and forms an image of the object on a matrix FPU.

The second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm, the radiation in which passes through the spectro-splitting coating of component 1.

Component 4 is inserted into the second channel, which is installed in front of component 1 from the side of the space of objects. Component 4 is made in the form of an AP-90 ° prism and is positioned in such a way that one of the leg faces of the AP-90 ° prism is glued to the first surface of component 1, in the central part of which there is a plane.

At the same time, an infrared (IR) FPU was introduced in the MPC, which was installed behind the second along the cathete face of the AR-90 ° prism in the focal plane of components 1-2 and fixing the laser pulses reflected from the object.

IR FPU is removed from component 4 by a distance that ensures the absence of shielding of the annular light zone of the mirror-lens lens 1-3.

Figure 6 shows a modification of the system in the third embodiment, the essence of which is that between the component 4 and the IR FPU, a rotary mirror 5 and a lens lens 6 are introduced, transferring the image from the rear focal plane of components 1-2 to the IR FPU. The introduction of components 5, 6 allows us to ensure optimal optical characteristics of the MPC and more compactly accommodate IR FPU. The pivoting mirror 5 and the lens lens 6 are removed from the component 4 by a distance, ensuring the absence of shielding of the annular light zone of the mirror-lens lens 1-3.

The system in the first embodiment (figure 1) works as follows. The pulsed radiation of the working spectral range KU 600 ... 1000 nm, coming from a distant object, and the pulsed radiation of the working spectral range MPC 1530 ... 1570 nm, reflected from a distant object, when the sliding diaphragm 6 is shifted to the right and when the light zone of component 4 is closed by the screen 7, pass sequentially components 1 and 2 are reflected for the first time from the internal mirror coating on the second surface of the component 2 along the beam, the second time from the annular reflective coating deposited on the second flat surface of the component tape 1, then pass component 3 and fall on the spectrodividing coating of component 5.

The radiation of the spectral range 600 ... 1000 nm passes through the spectrodividing coating of component 5 and focuses, forming a large-scale image of the object on the photosensitive area of the matrix FPU KU.

The radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm is reflected from the spectrodividing coating of component 5 and is focused on the photosensitive area of the IR FPU MPC. In the modification of the first version of the system shown in Fig. 2, the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm after reflection from the spectrodividing coating of component 5 is focused in the rear focal plane of the mirror-lens objective 1-3, and then transferred by a plano-convex lens 9 and objective 10 to the photosensitive area of the IR FPU, which detects laser pulses reflected from the object.

When the diaphragm 6 is extended to the left and completely shields radiation from components 1, 2 to the lenses of component 3 and the screen 7 is located outside the light zone of component 4, the radiation from the working spectral ranges of the KU and MPC coming from a distant object passes through the component of optical wedges 8, lens components 4, 3 short-focus lens and falls on the spectrodividing coating of component 5.

The radiation of the spectral range 600 ... 1000 nm passes through the spectrodividing coating of component 5 and focuses, forming a small-scale image of the object on the photosensitive area of the matrix FPU KU. The radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm is reflected from the spectrodividing coating of component 5 and is focused on the photosensitive area of the IR FPU MPC, as shown in figure 1.

In the modification of the first version of the system shown in Fig. 2, the radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm after passing through the short-focus lens 4-3 does not fall on the photosensitive area of the IR FPU, being delayed by the opaque central zone of the plano-convex lens 9.

The system in the second embodiment (figure 3) works as follows.

Pulse radiation of the working spectral range KU 600 ... 1000 nm, coming from a distant object, if the diaphragm 9 is in position 1 (Fig.4b)), in which it passes radiation through a telephoto mirror lens 1-3 and completely shields the radiation through short-focus the lens objective 4, 3 passes sequentially through components 1, 2, is reflected from the internal mirror coating on the second surface of component 2 along the beam, then from the annular reflective coating deposited on the second flat surface of the component cient 1 then passes component 3, is focused in the plane of the field diaphragm 6, falls on spektrodelitelnoe cover component 5 and passes therethrough.

Then the radiation passes through component 7, aperture 9, component 8, and falls onto the spectrodividing coating of component 14, from which the spectral region of 600 ... 850 nm is reflected and focuses again, forming a large-scale image of the object on the photosensitive area of the matrix FPU KU. The radiation of the spectral range of 850 ... 1000 nm passes through the spectrodividing coating of component 14 and focuses on the photosensitive area of the FPU synchronization, which controls the operation of the matrix FPU.

Pulse radiation of the working spectral range KU 600 ... 1000 nm, coming from a distant object, if the diaphragm 9 is in position 2 (Fig.4b), in which it shields the radiation through a telephoto mirror lens 1-3 and completely passes radiation through a short-focus lens the lens 4, 3, passes sequentially the component of the optical wedges 10, the components 4, 3 of the short-focus lens, focuses in the plane of the field diaphragm 6, falls on the spectrodividing coating of the component 5 and passes through it.

Next, the radiation passes through component 7, aperture 9, component 8 and falls on the spectrodividing coating of component 14, from which the spectral region of 600 ... 850 nm is reflected and is again focused, forming a small-scale image of the object on the photosensitive area of the matrix FPU KU. The radiation of the spectral range of 850 ... 1000 nm passes through the spectrodividing coating of component 14 and focuses on the photosensitive area of the FPU synchronization, which controls the operation of the matrix FPU.

The pulsed radiation of the working spectral range MPC 1530 ... 1570 nm passes through a mirror-lens lens 1-3 and focuses in its rear focal plane, and then is transferred by a plano-convex lens 11 and lens 12 to the photosensitive area of the IR FPU, fixing the laser reflected from the object impulses.

The radiation of the working spectral range of the MPC 1530 ... 1570 nm through the lens 4, 3 does not reach the photosensitive area of the IR FPU, stopping at the opaque central zone of the plano-convex lens 11.

The system in the third embodiment (figure 5) works as follows. Pulse radiation of the working spectral range KU 600 ... 1000 nm, coming from a distant object, and pulsed radiation of the working spectral range MPC 1530 ... 1570 nm, reflected from a distant object, pass sequentially components 1, 2, are reflected from the internal mirror coating on the second along the beam the surface of component 2 and fall onto the spectrodividing coating of component 1. Radiation of the working spectral range of KU 600 ... 1000 nm is reflected from the spectrodividing coating of component 1, component 3 passes and focuses I’m in the rear focal plane of the 1-3 lens, forming an image of the object on the photosensitive area of the matrix FPU KU.

The radiation of the working spectral range of the MPC 1530 ... 1570 nm passes through the spectrodividing coating of component 1, undergoes internal reflection on the hypotenuse face of component 4, and focuses in the rear focal plane of components 1-2, fixing laser pulses reflected from the object on the photosensitive area of the IR FPU, as shown in figure 5.

In the modification of the third version of the system, as shown in Fig.6, the radiation of the working spectral range of the MPC 1530 ... 1570 nm after focusing in the rear focal plane of components 1-2 is reflected by a rotary mirror 5 and passes through the lens 6, focusing and fixing the laser pulses reflected from the object on the photosensitive area of IR FPU.

As a specific example of the implementation of the two-channel mirror-lens system according to the second embodiment, tables 1-6 show the design parameters of the optical systems of the KU and MPC channels, as well as their frequency and frequency characteristics, confirming the high image quality in both channels.

Table 1
Design parameters of the mirror-lens long-focus KU (f '= 164.5 mm, entrance pupil diameter D = 72 mm, D: f' = 1: 2.3, D _eff : f '= 1: 2.7, angular field of view in the space of objects 2W = 1.72 × 2.3 °, spectral range 0.6 ... 0.85 μm. Pos. No. R d Glass mark one one 287.7 7.2 Quartz. glass 2 0 72.18 one 2 3 -173.78 6.2 Quartz. glass four 264.2 -6.2 Quartz. glass 3 -173.78 -72.18 -one one 2 0 39.613 one 3 5 0 2 Bf6 6 15.453 8.9 one 7 14.997 3.1 K8 8 -56.43 2.5 one 9 8.995 1.5 K8 10 11.169 3.436 one 5 eleven 0 6.7 TK21 12 0 3.472 one 7 13 -443.6 3.5 TK21 fourteen -7.907 1.7 one fifteen -5.345 1.5 TF5 16 -28.25 2.55 one 17 -6.081 3 TK21 eighteen -6.885 0.3 one 19 221.8 1.8 TF5 twenty 18.88 one one 21 22.28 5 TK21 22 -16.643 0.1 one 23 0 3 K8 24 0 11.65 one 8 25 -231.2 3.6 TK21 26 -23.12 1.7 one 27 -14.997 1.5 TF5 28 -28.25 0.3 one 29th 12.134 5.4 TK21 thirty -87.9 2.3 one 31 -28.25 1.5 TF5 32 10.116 2.3 one 33 12/26 3.4 TK21 34 -19.77 2.9 one fourteen 35 0 14.2 TK21 36 0 5.26 one

table 2
Polychromatic transmission coefficients of modulation of a mirror-lens telephoto lens (f '= 164.5 mm) Spatial frequency, mm ^-1 The value of the image U ', mm Y '= 0 Y '= 1.2 Y '= 2.4 measures sag measures sag thirty 0.88 0.8 0.84 0.72 0.82 60 0.74 0.6 0.65 0.39 0.53

Table 3
Design parameters of the short-focus lens KU (f '= 27.76 mm, entrance pupil diameter D = 7.1 mm, D: f' = l: 3.9, angular field of view in the space of objects 2W = 9 × l3.5 °, spectral range 0.6 ... 0.85 μm . Pos. No. R d Glass mark four one -16.144 one TK16 2 7.278 2.35 TF5 3 15.922 4.5 one four -79.07 2.2 TK21 5 -12.706 2 one 6 -8.71 one TF5 7 23.77 4.5 TK21 8 -13.243 0.4 one 9 62.52 four TK21 10 -20.89 36.465 one 3 eleven 0 2 Bf6 12 15.453 8.9 one 13 14.997 3.1 K8 fourteen -56.43 2.5 fifteen 8.995 1.5 K8 16 11.169 3.436 one 5 eleven 0 6.7 TK21 12 0 3.472 one 7 13 -443.6 3.5 TK21 fourteen -7.907 1.7 one fifteen -5.345 1.5 TF5 16 -28.25 2.55 one 17 -6.081 3 TK21 eighteen -6.885 0.3 one 19 221.8 1.8 TF5 twenty 18.88 one one 21 22.28 5 TK21 22 -16.643 0.1 one 23 0 3 K8 24 0 11.65 one 8 25 -231.2 3.6 TK21 26 -23.12 1.7 one 27 -14.997 1.5 TF5 28 -28.25 0.3 one 29th 12.134 5.4 TK21 thirty -87.9 2.3 one 31 -28.25 1.5 TF5 32 10.116 2.3 one 33 12/26 3.4 TK21 34 -19.77 2.9 one fourteen 35 0 14.2 TK21 36 0 5.26 one

Table 4
Polychromatic transmission coefficients of the modulation of the lens KU (f '= 27.76 mm) Spatial frequency, mm ^-1 The value of the image U ', mm Y '= 0 Y '= 1.65 Y '= 3.3 measures sag measures sag thirty 0.81 0.8 0.82 0.75 0.79 60 0.62 0.6 0.63 0.52 0.6

Table 5
MPC design parameters (f '= 110 mm, entrance pupil diameter D = 72 mm, D: f' = l: 1.54, D _eff : f '= 1: 1.8, angular field of view in the space of objects 2W = 6', spectral interval 1.53 ... 1.57 microns. Pos. No. R d Glass mark one one 287.7 7.2 Quartz. glass 2 0 72.18 one 2 3 -173.78 6.2 Quartz. glass four 264.2 -6.2 - Quartz. glass 3 -173.78 -72.18 -one one 2 0 39.613 one 3 5 0 2 Bf6 6 15.453 8.9 one 7 14.997 3.1 K8 8 -56.43 2.5 one 9 8.995 1.5 K8 10 11.169 3.436 one 5 eleven 0 19.71 TK21 12 0 0.6 TF5 eleven 13 8.71 2.8 TK21 fourteen -9.036 36 one 12 fifteen 9.9465 1.1 TF5 16 7.179 one one 17 8.091 4.3 TK21 19 -7.179 one TF5 twenty 0 0.5 one 21 4.5 2 TK21 22 5.943 3.922 one Table 6
The values of the energy concentration in the image plane MPC (f '= 110 mm),% Field of view in the space of objects, ang. min Energy concentration in% in a circle of diameter D, microns D = 10 D = 20 D = 30 0 55.6 85 90.6 thirty 51.2 82.5 90.6

Information sources

1. Volkov V.G., Dobrovolsky Yu.A., Koshchavtsev N.F. and others. New lenses with two focal lengths for night vision devices. // Applied Physics. 2000. No5. S.44-49.

2. Patent RU 2256205 C2 G02B 17/08, G02B 13/16. Two-channel mirror-lens lens (options). // Zhuravlev P.V., Kosolapov G.I., Khatsevich T.N., 2005.

3. Volkov V.G., Koshchavtsev N.F., Leleikin V.I. Portable combined all-weather and round-the-clock device. // Applied Physics. 2003. No5. C.114-115.

Claims (17)

1. A two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system), comprising the first and second channels having a common sight axis, and including a fast long telephoto mirror-lens lens, consisting of three components,
the first of which, along the rays, is a plane-convex lens convex to the space of objects, and has a cut out central zone,
on the second surface of the first component along the rays of the surface, an annular reflective coating is applied,
the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,
the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,
while in the cut out central zone of the first component there is a fourth lens component consisting of at least three lenses and having a common sight axis with a mirror-lens lens,
the third and fourth components are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of a long-focus mirror-lens lens,
the first, second, third and fourth components are included in the first channel of the system,
the first, second and third components create a large-scale image of the object in a narrow field of view, and the fourth and third components create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view in the first channel of the system on the same photodetector,
characterized in that the first channel forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm and forms an image of the object on an array photodetector (FPU), and the second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm and fixes laser pulses reflected from the object on infrared (IR) FPU,
at the same time, a spectro-splitting component is introduced into the system, located on the optical axis between the third component and the matrix FPU and made in the form of a glued prism, in which a spectro-splitting coating transmitting radiation of the spectral range 600 ... 1000 nm to the matrix FPU KU and reflecting radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm on IR FPU MPC, deposited on an internal bonded surface, inclined at an angle to the optical axis,
however, both channels include the first, second and third components of the mirror-lens objective and a spectrodivision component,
at the same time, a sliding ring opaque diaphragm located on the KU axis between the first and second components and an opaque screen located in front of the fourth lens component from the side of the objects and installed with the possibility of input / output from the light zone of the short-focus lens for sequentially blocking radiation are introduced into the system falling onto the matrix FPU KU through a telephoto mirror lens and a short focus lens. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that between the opaque screen and the fourth lens component, a component is introduced from two optical wedges mounted to rotate each wedge around the optical axis. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional flat-convex lens is introduced into the MPC, facing the space of objects with a flat side and glued to the edge of the spectrodividing component, which provides the output of the radiation reflected from the spectrodividing coating in the MPC and located coaxially with the mirror a lens, while a lens is mounted in the MPC mounted behind an additional plane-convex lens along the rays and coaxially with it at a distance that ensures no shielding of the annular light zones s mirror-lens, and focusing radiation on the IR FPU. 4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional plano-convex lens can be made either single or glued from two lenses. 5. The system according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the central zone of the convex surface of the additional plane-convex lens is opaque to completely shield the radiation passing into the MPC through the short-focus lens. 6. A two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system), comprising the first and second channels having a common sight axis, and including a fast long telephoto lens-mirror lens, consisting of three components,
the first of which, along the rays, is a plane-convex lens convex to the space of objects, and has a cut out central zone,
on the second surface of the first component along the rays of the surface, an annular reflective coating is applied,
the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,
the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,
while in the cut out central zone of the first component there is a fourth lens component consisting of at least three lenses and having a common sight axis with a mirror-lens lens,
the third and fourth components are made so that together they form a short-focus lens, the image plane of which coincides with the image plane of a long-focus mirror-lens lens,
the first, second, third and fourth components are included in the first channel of the system,
the first, second and third components create a large-scale image of the object in a narrow field of view, and the fourth and third components create an image of a small-scale object in a wide field of view in the first channel of the system on the same photodetector,
characterized in that the first channel forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm and forms an image of the object on an array photodetector (FPU), and the second channel of the system forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with a working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm and fixes laser pulses reflected from the object on infrared (IR) FPU,
at the same time, a spectro-splitting component is introduced into the system, located on the optical axis directly behind the third component and made in the form of a glued prism, in which a spectro-splitting coating transmitting radiation of the spectral range 600 ... 1000 nm to the matrix FPU KU and reflecting radiation of the spectral range 1530 ... 1570 nm on IR FPU PDK, applied on an internal bonded surface, inclined at an angle to the optical axis,
however, both channels include the first, second and third components of the mirror-lens objective and a spectrodivision component,
at the same time, a field-of-view diaphragm installed coaxially with it and sequentially along the rays of the lens, installed in the common plane of images of the mirror-lens and short-focus lenses of the KU, and a lens image transfer lens, consisting of the fifth and sixth lens components and optically matching the plane of the diaphragm of the field view with the plane of the matrix FPU,
in this case, between the fifth and sixth lens components of the KU, an aperture diaphragm is introduced, the plane of which is optically conjugated both with the entrance pupil of the mirror-lens lens, having an annular shape with central shielding, and with the entrance pupil of the lens short-focus lens, having the shape of a circle,
while the diameters of the entrance pupils are selected so that their images do not overlap each other in the plane of the aperture diaphragm,
wherein the aperture diaphragm contains one annular hole with central shielding and one circular hole, the dimensions of which correspond to the cross sections of the beams of the mirror-lens and lens short-focus lenses in the plane of the aperture diaphragm. 7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that in front of the fourth lens component is introduced a component of two optical wedges installed with the possibility of rotation of each wedge around the optical axis. 8. The system according to any one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that an additional flat-convex lens is introduced into the MPC, the flat side facing the space of objects and glued to the edge of the spectro-splitting component, which ensures that the radiation reflected from the spectro-splitting coating reaches the MPC, and located coaxially with the mirror-lens lens, while in the MPC introduced a lens lens mounted behind an additional flat-convex lens along the rays and coaxially with it at a distance that ensures no ring shielding light zone catadioptric lens, and a focusing radiation at infrared FPA. 9. The system of claim 8, characterized in that the additional plano-convex lens can be made either single or glued from two lenses. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the central zone of the convex surface of the additional plano-convex lens is opaque to completely shield the radiation passing into the MPC through the short-focus lens. 11. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the fifth and sixth lens components consist of at least three lenses each. 12. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that between the fifth and sixth components of the KU a protective screen is inserted, installed with the possibility of input / output from the light zone of the KU. 13. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the second spectrodividing component and the FPU of synchronization are introduced into the control unit, while the second spectrodividing component is located between the sixth lens component and the matrix FPU and is made in the form of a glued prism in which the spectrodividing coating reflects the radiation range 600 ... 850 nm on the matrix FPU and transmission radiation of the spectral range 850 ... 1000 nm on the FPU synchronization, deposited on the inner bonded surface, inclined at an angle to the optical axis. 14. The system according to item 13, characterized in that between the second spectrodivision component and one of the FPU KU or both immediately entered the diaphragm with a hole that limits the size of the field of view KU. 15. The system according to 14, characterized in that the diaphragm has two or more holes of different sizes, which alternately limit the size of the field of view KU. 16. A two-channel mirror-lens optical system (hereinafter referred to as the system), comprising the first and second channels having a common sight axis, and including a fast long-focus mirror-lens lens, consisting of three components,
the first of which, along the rays, is made in the form of a plano-convex lens, convex to the space of objects,
in the central zone of the second flat surface of the first component along the rays of the first component, a spectrodividing coating is applied that fully reflects the working spectral range of the first channel and completely transmits the working spectral range of the second channel,
the second component is made in the form of a meniscus facing concave surfaces to the space of objects having an internal reflective coating on the second surface along the rays and a cut out central zone,
the third component is a lens compensator for field aberrations and consists of at least two lenses,
the first channel of the system includes the first, second and third components,
characterized in that a matrix photodetector (FPU) is inserted into the first channel, mounted in the focal plane of the mirror lens behind the third component along the rays,
the first channel forms a control channel (CC) with a working spectral range of 600 ... 1000 nm, the radiation in which, reflected by the spectrodividing coating of the first component, focuses and forms an image of the object on a matrix FPU, while the second channel forms a receiving rangefinder channel (MPC) with the working spectral range of 1530 ... 1570 nm, the radiation in which passes through the spectrodividing coating of the first component,
at the same time, the fourth component is introduced into the second channel, which is installed in front of the first component from the side of the space of objects,
the fourth component is made in the form of a prism AP-90 ° and is located in such a way that one of the leg faces of the prism AP-90 ° is glued to the first surface of the first component, in the central part of which there is a plane,
at the same time, infrared (IR) FPU is introduced in the MPC, installed behind the second along the path of the cathet face of the prism AR-90 ° in the focal plane of the MPC optical system,
in this case, the IR FPU is removed from the AR-90 ° prism to a distance ensuring the absence of shielding of the annular light zone of the mirror-lens lens. 17. The system according to clause 16, characterized in that in the MPC between the prism of the AR-90 ° and the FPU PC, a rotary mirror and a lens are introduced that are distant from the AR-90 ° prism by a distance that ensures the absence of screening of the annular light zone of the mirror-lens .

Images