RU2367891C1 - Ir-radiation pyro cartridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ammunition designed to make false targets that simulate high-temperature objects. Proposed cartridge comprises cylindrical grain with lengthwise grooves arranged along the grain generating line. Aforesaid grain is arranged with radial clearance inside cylindrical casing to rest, via annular shutter, upon hollow perforated bottom chamber representing a receiver. Note here that the casing bottom has central seat cage accommodating threaded electric igniter. Note also that the cover is fitted, via sealer, onto grain top end face for the casing open end face to be spinned therein. Aforesaid electric igniter is screwed in place, inside the cartridge, via sealer interlayer to allow normal electric contact. Note here that sealer interlayer height from the shell end face makes 1/3 to 1/2 of cartridge height.

EFFECT: higher reliability of shell.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to shells for dispersing filling substances that provide thermal radiation, and can be used as a means to create false targets that mimic heated units, in order to protect aircraft from homing infrared radiation.

The level of this technical field characterizes a projectile for setting a combined false target according to patent RU 2239777, F42В 12/48, 12/70, 2004, containing an electric igniter, placed in a glass (holder) with throttling holes aimed at propellant powder charge mounted in a cylindrical body on a transverse jumper forming a receiver and adjacent to the payload block (stack) of cassettes.

The propellant powder charge is designed to knock out the functional structure entirely from the shell of the shell.

In this case, the clip of the electric starter device with the bottom of the case is rigidly connected by a screed, on which pyro-retardants, ignition initiators, and pulse charges of throwing payloads from the cartridges are placed in the clips sequentially mounted on the clips.

To separate the cartridges in the atmosphere and the autonomous action of the payload for the intended purpose, the central screed is made with a weakened cross-section through which the gaseous products generated by the burning of the propellant are destroyed by the pressure, as a result of which the entire block of cartridges is fired from the shell of the projectile.

Cassettes with dipole reflectors around the perimeter are shielded by movable semi-cylindrical pushers that overlap the perforations of the central tube, preserving their integrity and shape.

A feature of the described design is its various configuration of sequentially connected cassettes in the fire chain with payloads for combined action or separate setting of interference by types.

The payload of the cartridges of this combined-action projectile is made in the form of biscuits of densely packed dipole reflectors and / or with a set of non-combustible plates having a coating of smoke-forming material.

Being scattered in the atmosphere, the first of them create radar interference for the detection means, and the second - false targets in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared wavelength range.

However, a continuation of the advantages is an inherent disadvantage, which is expressed in the complexity of the design of the projectile, the high complexity of manufacturing, which limits the required serial use for practical armament of aircraft.

The noted drawback is eliminated in the target cartridges of a simple design, designed to separately create anti-radar interference (patent RU 2231741) and for setting false targets in the form of infrared radiation sources that simulate heated units and components of military equipment (patent RU 2231742).

According to the technical nature and the number of matching features, the cartridge described in patent RU 2231742, F42В 5/15, 12/70, 2004 was selected as the closest analogue to the proposed pyrotechnic infrared radiation cartridge.

The known cartridge contains a cylindrical body with a threaded electric igniter installed in the central body of the housing, which is equipped with a throttle nozzle at the outlet to form a flame torch, directed by an igniting action on a functional pyrotechnic checker, supported through a circular obturator on a hollow cylindrical tray that forms a receiver where gas is accumulated products of burning checkers.

A cylindrical checker along the perimeter has longitudinal channels developing a combustion surface, and is adjacent to the inner surface of the housing through a radial clearance, which serves for the flame transfer of the ignition pulse.

The depth of the longitudinal channels of the checker is slightly larger than the size of the obturator ring, for guaranteed communication of the receiver with the outer surface of the checker when ignited.

When an electrical impulse is applied from the board of the aircraft to the electric igniter held in the launcher by the bottom flange of the cartridge, a dense narrowly directed fire force is formed by the throttle nozzle, which enters into the ignition of the pyrotechnic composition of the functional bomb, during combustion of which an aerosol filling the receiver is generated.

The increased pressure of the gaseous products of combustion accumulated in the receiver, which is distributed, is transmitted through the annular obturator to the checker and then to the lid. In this case, the lid with its longitudinal movement bends away the petals of the end face of the case, freeing up the passage for the checkers emitted into the atmosphere, where it burns out and creates an aerosol cloud.

Solid hot particles of aerosol serve as sources of infrared radiation, forming a false target for detection and guidance.

However, this pyrotechnic cartridge is characterized by the following disadvantages.

In the throttle nozzle of the holder, in which the electric igniter is mounted, a fire force is dynamically formed, which reliably ignites the pyrotechnic checker, but at the same time (especially on small caliber cartridges), cases of its destruction are possible, which arbitrarily changes the mode of combustion and throwing of the cartridge's useful filling, the volume of the masking cloud decreases, which reduces the effectiveness of the intended action.

When the flame force of the electric igniter is triggered, the reflected shock wave freely acts on the end face of the cartridge clamped in the launcher and accordingly on the aircraft’s board, which is undesirable, especially since the cartridges are launched multiple times.

In addition, under the cyclic thermal load in combat operating conditions of supersonic aircraft in the range from minus 60 ° С to 200 ° С and increased humidity of the conditionally tight mount of the electric igniter in the landing sleeve of the case, it is clearly not enough for reliable ignition of the pyrotechnic composition of the functional checker.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to increase the functional reliability of the universal design of the pyrotechnic infrared radiation cartridge.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known pyrotechnic infrared radiation cartridge containing a cylindrical block of functional composition with longitudinal grooves along the generatrix, coaxially mounted with a radial clearance in the cylindrical body, resting through the annular obturator on a hollow perforated tray forming the receiver, where in the central landing a threaded electric igniter is installed at the bottom of the housing, while the checker is sealed with a lid by means of a seal, geometrically According to the invention, a threaded electric igniter in the landing sleeve is installed through a closed sealant material, the height from the end of the housing of which is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the holder.

Distinctive features provided an increase in the functional reliability of the universal design of the pyrotechnic cartridge of infrared radiation, adapted for use in aircraft.

The installation of an electric igniter in the landing sleeve of the housing flush, that is, without a throttle nozzle, reduced the recoil by one and a half times, which extends the technological possibilities of using the invention with a unified ignition device on all sizes and calibres of aviation cartridges for setting false infrared targets.

In this case, the flame torch from the electric igniter does not accelerate and therefore does not destroy the functional checker, the ignition of which occurs reliably and stably on all calibres of cartridges.

The installation of an electric igniter in the casing of the bottom of the housing through the sealant layer, which isolates the internal volume of the cartridge for its intended purpose, maintains its electrical contact with the housing due to the connection at the place of their direct connection above the sealant layer.

This makes it possible to use launchers with peripheral current supply along the bottom end of the housing to launch pyrotechnic cartridges of infrared radiation, expanding the operational capabilities of the equipment.

The height of the sealant layer is selected in the range of 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the electric igniter and, accordingly, the housing clip for the following reasons.

The height of the sealant layer in the said connection less than 1/3 does not guarantee isolation of the internal volume of the cartridge during long-term storage and in official circulation with a cyclic difference in operating temperatures in supersonic high-altitude aircraft.

When the height of the sealant layer in the said connection is more than 1/2 the height of the electric igniter, reliable electrical contact of the housing clip with the electric igniter is not ensured, which can cause failure when starting the cartridge from the installation with a peripheral current supply to the bottom end of the housing.

Therefore, each essential sign is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve the novelty of quality, that is, the technical problem posed in the invention is not solved by the sum of the effects, but by a new effect of the sum of the signs.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for a specialist in protecting objects of technology from reconnaissance and attacking means, showed that it is not known, and given the possibility of practical serial production of pyrotechnic cartridges of infrared radiation, to conclude that patentability criteria are met.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which have purely illustrative purposes and do not limit the scope of the claims of the totality of the features of the formula.

Figure 1 shows the proposed pyrotechnic cartridge infrared radiation;

figure 2 is the same, an embodiment.

The proposed cartridge for setting false targets in the form of aerosol sources of infrared radiation contains a functional checker 1, pressed from a pyrotechnic composition, coaxially mounted in a cylindrical body 2. The diameter of the checker 1 is guaranteed to be smaller than the internal diameter of the body 2 to form a radial clearance 3 as a gas duct generated during burning of the checker 1 functional aerosol.

In the checker 1, longitudinal grooves 4 distributed along the perimeter are made, which develop a combustion surface for intensively generating a radiating aerosol.

The checker 1 rests on an annular obturator 5 mounted on a hollow perforated tray 6 in the form of a cylinder, on the outer surface of which there is an annular protrusion 7, adjacent to the housing 2 from the inside.

The pallet 6 is based on the bottom of the housing 2 and in the longitudinal direction is limited by corrugations 8 in the housing 2, formed above the protrusion 7 of the pallet after placing the latter in the working position.

Holding the checker 1, the pallet forms a receiver 9 for accumulating the generated aerosol during burning of the pyrotechnic composition of the checker 1. In this case, between the pallet 6 and the casing 2, the volume of the receiver 9 is formed, interacting directly with the obturator ring 5 and communicating with the central part of the receiver 9 through its perforations, which provides total pressure. A narrow obturator ring 5, which receives pressure in the receiver 9, transfers a significantly greater pushing force to the checker 1, which increases the dynamics of the process.

The depth of the longitudinal grooves 4 is made greater than the annular jumper of the obturator 5 to form a guaranteed communication connection between the receiver 9 and the grooves 4 and the radial clearance 3, where the hot gaseous products of combustion of the checker 1 immediately ignite over the entire developed surface.

In the bottom of the housing 2 there is a central tide, forming a landing sleeve 10 under a threaded electric igniter 11, screwed through a layer 12 of sealant.

The height of the layer 12 of the sealant is selected in the range 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the holder 10 from the end of the housing 2 according to the following restrictions.

When the height of the interlayer 12 is less than a third of the height of the holder 10, reliable isolation of the internal volume of the cartridge is not provided, which excludes the interaction of atmospheric moisture with the pyrotechnic composition of the checker, which reduces its flammability and performance.

When the height of the interlayer 12 is more than half the height of the holder 10, the electrical contact with the electric igniter 11 is unstable, which creates functional problems of initiating the combustion of the checkers 1 and limits the use of the launcher with peripheral current supply.

Landing clip 10 is equipped with a diaphragm 13 with a calibrated outlet (nozzle) for radial compression of the formed fire force from the combustion products of the filling of an electric igniter 11.

As an embodiment (Fig. 2) for small caliber cartridges, where the functional checker 1 is located in the immediate vicinity of the electric igniter 11, the latter in the landing sleeve 10 is flush mounted, that is, without a diaphragm 13.

On the upper end of the checker 1 (according to the drawing), through the sealing layer 14 of gas-permeable sponge rubber, a cover 15 is installed, which is geometrically closed with the body 2 by rolling its open end.

The proposed cartridge operates as follows.

When an electric start pulse is applied from the aircraft’s board to the electric igniter 11 directly or through the periphery of the end face of the housing 2, which is electrically connected by means of the contact of the clip 10 with the electric igniter 11, the latter fires and forms a flame force entering the end of the block 1, igniting its pyrotechnic composition.

The flame force from the electric igniter 11 in the nozzle of the diaphragm 13 is throttled, as a result of which the flame force is compressed and its linear speed increases, which is necessary to ignite the remote location of the checker 1 in large-caliber cartridges.

For small-caliber cartridges, where there is no need to increase the dynamics of the flame force generated by the electric igniter 11 supplied to the closely located functional checker 1 (Fig. 2), the diaphragm 13 is excluded at the output of the clip 10, so the heat pulse is freely transmitted.

The fire chain is identical in both embodiments.

The combustion of the checker 1 is dynamically distributed along the longitudinal grooves 4 and through the gap 3 along the cylindrical surface of the checker 1, and also further through the gas-permeable layer 14 to the upper end of the checker 1.

The aerosol generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic composition fills the receiver 9 and the free volume under the lid 15 inside the annular layer 14, where the pressure rises.

By pressure of the gas-aerosol combustion products of the checker 1, the cover 14 moves longitudinally and bends the rolling of the end face of the casing 2, freeing the way for the checker 1, which is released into the atmosphere from the casing 2, held by the bottom flange in the launcher.

Checker 1 dies in the atmosphere, forming a cloud of aerosol, the solid red hot particles of which serve as sources of infrared radiation, forming a false target for detection and guidance.

The cartridge is characterized by a simple design and reliable operation.

Positive test results of prototypes on mock-ups and shooting allow us to recommend to the Customer the supply of products for the re-equipment of aircraft

Claims (2)

1. Pyrotechnic infrared radiation cartridge containing a cylindrical block of functional composition with longitudinal grooves along its generatrix, coaxially mounted with a radial clearance in a cylindrical body with emphasis through an annular obturator on a hollow perforated tray made in the form of a receiver, with a central landing made at the bottom of the body a holder in which a threaded electric igniter is installed, and a cover is mounted on the upper end of the block through the seal, onto which the open torus is rolled body, characterized in that the threaded seat in the electric igniter holder mounted through a sealant layer to ensure electrical contact at the point of direct connection of the sealant layer, the sealant layer height of case end is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the landing yoke. 2. The cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded electric igniter in the seat ring is flush mounted.

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