RU2365318C2 - Special warning clothes, luminescent alarming element and material for its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal utensils.

SUBSTANCE: invention pertains to the area of production of special warning clothes, in particular to production of high visibility clothing, which is used in outfit of construction personnel, public service employees, medical workers, rescue service workers, policemen, firemen, and airport staff. Special high visibility warning clothes is made of textile material and contains warning elements of specialised materials, selected from the following groups: fluorescent background material - base, light-reflecting material or combined material possessing simultaneously properties of the fluorescent and light-reflecting materials. Additionally, clothes contains luminescent warning element containing hydrolysis - safe waterproof aluminate luminescent pigment, resulted from processing of aluminate phosphor with salt mixture, selected from the following group: Na₃PO₄, Na₂HPO₄, (NH₄)₂HPO₄, Ca₃(PO₄)₂, with acids, selected from the following group: HCL, H₂SO₄, HNO₃, ensuring glowing in the darkness. Luminescent warning material is produced by application of the paint containing luminescent pigment onto the material selected from the group: unpainted, background fluorescent, light reflecting, combined. Luminescent warning element may be made by application of luminescent pigment directly on to any parts of the ready clothes by spraying or pigment stamping. Besides luminescent warning element can be made of luminescent material as cutout garments or as stripes sutured to the clothes.

EFFECT: ensured visibility at night, visibility in the darkness even without source of light due to the fluorescent effect, ensured fluorescent effect in high humidity conditions.

11 cl, 5 dwg, 7 tbl, 40 ex

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of production of special signal clothing, in particular signal clothing of high visibility.

Currently, such clothing is used to equip construction workers, public utilities, rescue, medical, police, firefighters, airport employees, who often find themselves in poor visibility in the process of performing their duties.

Special signal clothing with increased visibility improves the visibility of workers in the daytime, in low light conditions and in the dark.

High visibility signal clothing may be made of materials containing a luminescent dye and / or signal elements made of special materials.

In the literature and patent descriptions, there is often an incorrect use of terms such as luminescence, fluorescence and phosphorescence.

The effects of glow and light reflection are sometimes associated with these concepts. Inadequate use of terminology in relation to luminescent dyes and pigments leads to errors in attributing effects to various fields of technology. This makes it difficult to evaluate technical solutions, including those proposed for patenting. The following is the terminology of these concepts from the work: "Chemistry and physics with special properties of pigments, dyes, inks for printing and inks for coatings." A. Nurhan Becidyan [United Mineral & Chemical Corp., Paint Coating Industry, 06/15/2003].

Luminescence: fluorescence and phosphorescence.

Luminescent dye or pigment: a substance that emits light (visible, UV or IR) with appropriate excitation, without heating up.

High-visibility clothing for special purposes is provided by the GOST of the Russian Federation, the standards of the USA and many European countries.

Excitation: an active cause that causes a luminescent dye to emit light.

Fluorescence: light emission by a luminescent pigment in the presence of excitation (e.g. fluorescence in daylight).

Phosphorescence: light emission by a luminescent dye or pigment after excitation has ceased (for example, glow in the dark).

There are many types of energy that certain luminescent pigments can absorb and convert to luminescence (radioactivity, x-ray radiation, cathode radiation, mechanical stress, electricity, UV, visible or infrared radiation).

Inorganic luminescent pigments called phosphors differ from fluorescent pigments in that they are mostly colorless or pale pastel colored, but when excited by UV radiation, they begin to fluoresce quite brightly.

In fact, luminescent pigments glowing in the dark, in accordance with the above terminology, should more correctly be called phosphorescent pigments (phosphors). Both names are used in the literature. In the description we used the term - luminescent pigments. Phosphorescence is similar to luminescence in that it is also associated with the absorption of radiation of a specific wavelength or a certain range of wavelengths and the release of photons with a different wavelength. These phenomena differ in radiation time. The rule is this: if the radiation stops after removing the radiation source, this is fluorescence, but if the radiation continues (the so-called afterglow - “afterglow”) - then this is called phosphorescence.

Thus, fluorescence and phosphorescence are special cases of a generalizing concept - luminescence.

It should be noted that the retroreflective (reflective) effect used in signal clothing is completely unrelated to the phenomenon of luminescence. Retroreflective material (usually in the form of ribbons sewn onto signal clothing) interacts with light without causing excitation of material molecules. Particles of a substance deposited on a tape in the form of balls or prisms fulfill only the function of light reflection due to the optical effect. In fact, a ray of light is reflected from a surface similar to a mirror. The material is characterized by optical characteristics, for example, a minimum coefficient of retroreflection at a certain angle of illumination. The retroreflective effect described above is realized only under artificial lighting (for example, when the headlights are in the dark).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

According to the US standard [ANSI / ISEA 107-2004], signal clothing has two types of signal - fluorescent, which provides increased visibility in the daytime, and retroreflective (reflective), which provides increased visibility in the dark when exposed to light sources (for example, under headlights).

The Russian standard (GOST R 12.4.219-99) defines the color and retroreflective characteristics of signaling materials for high visibility clothing intended for users performing road works and similar activities where workers must be noticed in advance by vehicle drivers. This clothing is designed to provide increased visibility in the daytime and in the dark, when exposed to a light source, i.e. has two signals. The following terminology is used in the standards:

background material (fluorescent base material): material painted with a fluorescent dye, providing increased visibility in the daytime (1st signal);

retroreflective material: a material having the property of reflecting light when exposed to a light source (2nd signal);

combination material: fluorescent material, which is also retroreflective (two signals together).

For the fluorescent base material and the combined material, three colors are provided: yellow, orange and red.

Standards establish three classes of clothing, which are determined by the minimum amount of base material and retroreflective material and the necessary location of retroreflective material.

Retroreflective material is used in the form of a retroreflective strip (tape) or design elements that are placed on clothing.

The material for the manufacture of high visibility signal clothing must meet the requirements for color, brightness, fabric resistance under various influences, and moisture resistance.

The patent literature describes materials and clothing with various special effects providing increased visibility.

US Pat. No. 5,695,653 describes high visibility fabric and its use, as well as a safety vest. The fabric includes a mesh (connective tissue) of non-woven fibrous material and a fluorescent layer. The mesh has two main surfaces, and the fluorescent interlayer includes a fluorescent pigment in a resinous network. The resin penetrates the net, envelops the fibers, binding them, and the fluorescent pigment focuses on the first main surface to reduce its consumption in fabric production. A non-woven material with a fluorescent layer is partially coated with a layer of retroreflective material. The fabric can be used to make safety vests. To improve visibility, a retroreflective fabric can be placed on clothing.

A similar solution is described in EPO patent No. 0573772A (US patent No. 5478628), which protects a fabric suitable for the manufacture of safety vests, indicator boards and other objects requiring increased visibility.

High visibility fabric is characterized by the fact that it consists of:

a) non-woven mesh material made of thermoplastic fibers, interconnected, or softly glued;

b) a fluorescent interlayer obtained due to the resin penetrating the net structure of the nonwoven material to deliver the fluorescent pigment, and forms a fluorescent layer containing a fluorescent pigment of a predetermined concentration close to the outer surface of the nonwoven material. The concentration of fluorescent pigment is controlled so that it is higher near the surface than on other surfaces of the grid. This increases the bond of thermoplastic fibers in the resin.

Japanese patent JP 604977 also describes a material for high visibility clothing, consisting of a non-woven base, on which a resin is applied, into which a fluorescent pigment is incorporated. On the surface of the nonwoven material with a fluorescent pigment, a retroreflective material is applied in the form of a pattern.

The patent of the Russian Federation No. 2175748 describes a body armor, which is made of fabric with a signal color and is equipped with retroreflective tapes.

Known materials and products from them that contain only one of the signals - fluorescent, retroreflective or luminescent (phosphorescent).

RF patent No. 2876253 proposes a textile material formed from two layers — a layer of fire retardant material and a layer of material dyed with fluorescent pigment.

In the application of the Russian Federation No. 2002117618 proposed airbag, which has a luminescent coating for possible use in the dark. However, the published claims do not disclose which coating and on the basis of which phosphor it is obtained, therefore, it is not possible to draw conclusions about the applicability for signal clothing.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2179469 described material with a luminescent coating, which is applied to a fabric substrate. A flame retardant fabric was used as the fabric substrate, and the luminescent coating contains an inorganic phosphor glowing in the dark and a rubber binder. Phosphors FV-540-1 and FV-530 are used as phosphors, the rubber binder is synthetic rubber from the heat-resistant low molecular weight compound SKTN and a hardener of the methyltriacetoxyl type. The invention is recommended for the manufacture of strips in the form of strips for combat clothing of a fireman. To impart fire resistance to the coated material, sophisticated multilayer coating technology is used on the fabric substrate. Moreover, after applying each of the layers to the front and back sides of the fabric, high-temperature processing is carried out at 160-180 ° C.

A mixture of these phosphors is used as luminescent pigments. Since the basis of the phosphor FV-540-1 is zinc sulfide, which is characterized by low resistance to light and, when destroyed, loses its lighting characteristics, it is recommended to use it only indoors. Thus, the proposed solution cannot be recommended for signal clothing, since the user is often forced to be outdoors where there is a sufficiently high level of exposure to light. In addition, when creating the material, compositions based on the rubber compound SKTN and hardener K-10C are used to form polymer layers, the viability of which is 1 hour, which significantly complicates the technological design of the process. The accelerated polymerization of the composition can lead to failure of the processing equipment.

In the application of the Russian Federation No. 20011110761, light-emitting products and a method for their creation are described. Products are synthetic textile fibers, technical polymer gloves, films, polymer warning signs, polymer or glass lighting fixtures, jewelry, toys, polymer building materials, cosmetics, polymer household items. The method consists in the fact that a solid phosphor in a finely dispersed form is introduced into the polymer matrix, the matrix being in a viscous flowing state, which is ensured by heating or introducing a solvent.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2243985 a light-accumulating polymer layer is made, made in the form of a film based on polydimethylsiloxane or polycarbonate, uniformly filled with a mixture of phosphors in an amount of 10-80% wt. The phosphor mixture contains:

ZnS · Cu · Co · Ni and / or ZnS · Cd · S · Cu · Co · Ni and SrAl ₂ · O ₄ · Eu · Dy.

Moreover, these zinc sulfide and aluminate phosphors are introduced into the composition of the films with a mass ratio between them of 10:90, respectively. The molecular weight of the polymer bases of the light-accumulating layer is more than 30,000 cu for polydimethylsiloxane and from 30000 cu up to 35000 cu for polycarbonate. The geometric thickness of the polymer film is from 90 to 2000 microns. The polymer layer is made on a reflective carrier, the geometric thickness of which is comparable with the geometric dimensions of the grains of inorganic phosphors dispersed in a light-accumulating polymer layer. Information or graphic symbols, signs, text, deposited on the surface of a polycarbonate-based film, are made by the method of explication or offset printing. Information or graphic symbols, signs, text, applied to the surface of the film based on polydimethylsiloxane, are made by the method of explication from the material of the film or contrast material. In the description of the patent, it is recommended to use these films for the manufacture of thin-layer light sources and autonomous emergency lighting. The film is not intended for application to fabric. In the case of applying a film to a flexible aluminum carrier, it is necessary to use an additional adhesive to adhere the film to the carrier.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical task of the present invention is the creation of special signal clothing that provides increased visibility in the dark, not only when exposed to a light source, but also without it, due to the effect of phosphorescence.

Another objective is the creation of a luminescent signal element, which could provide the effect of phosphorescence in various operating conditions, in particular in conditions of high humidity, and material for its manufacture.

The tasks are solved by the proposed invention.

The object of the invention is special signal clothing of increased visibility, made of textile material and containing signal elements from specialized materials selected from the group: fluorescent background base material, retroreflective material or combined material having both the properties of fluorescent and retroreflective materials, and additionally a luminescent signal element providing a glow effect in the dark (phosphorescence).

The second object of the invention is a material for the manufacture of a luminescent signal element, made by applying a luminescent pigment by spray or pigment printing on an unpainted, fluorescent background, retroreflective or combined material. Unpainted material can be selected from the group: woven, knitted, non-woven, based on synthetic, natural and mixed fibers.

The third object of the invention is a luminescent signal element made of material for its manufacture or by direct application of the luminescent pigment by spray or pigment printing to any areas of the signal clothing.

As the luminescent pigment, two main types of aluminate luminescent pigment are used: a yellow-green glow (with a radiation wavelength of 520 nµ) and turquoise glow (with a radiation wavelength of 470 nµ).

Aluminate phosphors of a yellow-green glow have a high intensity and a long afterglow. However, the low water resistance of these phosphors makes it difficult to use when water is part of the composition or when contact of the final product with moisture is inevitable. Therefore, for such cases, it is proposed to use hydrolysis-resistant phosphors obtained by treating the initial luminescent pigments with a mixture of salts selected from the group: Na ₃ PO ₄ , Na ₂ HPO ₄ , (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ , Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , s acids selected from the group of HCl, H ₂ SO ₄ , HNO ₄ . The resulting waterproof luminescent pigments are not hydrolyzed even at high temperatures and have high lighting characteristics - not lower than the original luminescent pigments.

The closest technical solution to the proposed first object of the invention is clothing, presented in the state standard (GOST R 12.4.219-99), which contains two signals of increased visibility - fluorescent, made of a base material using a fluorescent dye (or pigment), which provides increased visibility in the daytime, and a retroreflective signal made of retroreflective material, which provides increased visibility in twilight or in the dark when exposed to sources light, or an element made of a combined material that has two properties simultaneously - fluorescent and retroreflective.

Known signal clothing for special purposes with increased visibility, as follows from the prior art, contains only two types of signal - fluorescent, which provides increased visibility in daylight, and retroreflective, which provides visibility at dusk or in the dark when exposed to a light source, for example, car headlights.

The proposed technical solution differs from the prototype in that it contains another element made of a material containing a luminescent pigment glowing in the dark, which provides an effect of increased visibility in the dark without the need for a light source.

Known elements with a luminescent coating described in the above patents of the Russian Federation No. 2179469, 2243985, which cannot be proposed to create a signal clothing for the reasons specified in the analysis of the relevant technical solutions above. Additionally, it should be noted that both known elements, although they include a phosphor that glows in the dark, do not meet the requirements for materials used for the manufacture of clothing with special high visibility in accordance with standards and GOST 12.4.219-99. The GOST provides requirements for a number of parameters for fluorescent, retroreflective and combined materials. In addition to specific requirements (color characteristics, aging resistance of retroreflective materials, etc.), there are general requirements for all types of materials, for example, resistance to mechanical stress: resistance to repeated bending, including at low temperature, resistance to temperature extremes, resistance to dry cleaning, etc. In addition, in any clothing made of textile materials, such a thing as a soft neck is of great importance. Those. the fabric for clothes should be soft to the touch and create a certain comfort for the user. This should fully apply to clothing of special signal high visibility. This follows from the characteristics of all types of materials given in GOST. The materials described in the above patents, and therefore the products (elements) made from them, do not meet all these requirements.

Thus, in the prior art, no element has been found that can provide a glow effect in the dark without using an additional color source in relation to signal clothing. Therefore, the proposed technical solution is new and meets the condition of an inventive step both in relation to the object - signal clothing, and in relation to the luminescent element suitable for creating a third signal on special clothing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The first two signal elements based on a fluorescent base material and a retroreflective material or a combined material are made essentially in accordance with GOST. For the manufacture of signal clothing, GOST R 12.4.219-99 establishes three primary colors of the fluorescent base material, which is also called background material, each of which provides optimal visibility in daylight against almost any urban or rural landscape. GOST gives the color characteristics of the fluorescent background material in yellow, orange or red. To obtain the background material, woven materials, knitted fabrics, multilayer materials and materials with a polymer coating are used. Fluorescent woven materials and knitted fabrics are obtained using fluorescent dyes and pigments by dyeing or printing. To obtain the starting woven materials, polyester fibers, less often polyamide fibers, or mixtures thereof with cellulose fibers are used. Knitted fabrics for signal clothing have the same compositions. In addition to polyester and polyamide, any synthetic fibers or mixtures thereof with cellulose can be used.

The luminescent signal element can be performed using several options:

- direct application of luminescent printing ink on the finished product or on the signal material, i.e. on a fluorescent base material, on retroreflective or on a combined material;

- separate manufacture of parts from a material (base, retroreflective or combined), on which a luminescent pigment is applied.

The material for the luminescent element can be made of:

- fluorescent background base material;

- retroreflective material;

- combined material;

- nonwoven fabric.

1. Preparation of a fluorescent background base material

The original woven material or a knitted fabric based on synthetic (polyester, polyamide or other) or mixed fibers is dyed or dyed.

Yellow, orange or red fluorescent dispersed dyes are used to stain polyester or polyamide fabrics. The same dyes are used to dye the polyester or polyamide component in mixed fabrics. For pigment dyeing, yellow, orange or red fluorescent pigments are used. For printing woven materials and knitted fabrics, fluorescent dispersed dyes or fluorescent pigments were used. When printing, the consumption of the dye (dye or pigment) is less than when dyeing, since the dye or pigment is applied only to the front surface of the fabric.

Dyeing cotton fabric with fluorescent fluorescent pigments

For dyeing, fluorescent pigments of the Minerva company (Italy) were used - fluorescent yellow 10G and orange 2G. The composition used was the composition of the Italian company Lamberti - Neopath, consisting of the Neopat binder PM / S binder and the Neopat compound 96 / M excipient.

Dyeing mode: fabric soaking in a plus bath - 2 minutes, “stinging” padding, drying at 100 ° C for 3 minutes, heat-setting with hot air at 160 ° C for 3 minutes.

The composition of the plus bath, g / l:

Pigment - 200 Water - 500 Neopat Binder PM / S - 200 Neopat compound 96 / M - one hundred Total: 1000

Resistance to abrasion of fabrics stained with fluorescent pigments:

№№ p.p. Name of pigments Friction Dry Wet one. Fluorescent Yellow 10G 2-3 1-2 2. Fluorescent Orange 2G 3 2-3

Dyeing viscose fabric with fluorescent orange pigment

As viscose fabric, we used twill weave fabric of the Russian factory LLC “Children's Clothing”, article No. 4001 (viscose 100%).

As the daily fluorescent pigment used daily fluorescent pigment company "Minerva" (Italy) - Minerprint orange 2G.

The composition and dyeing regimen described in the Examples of the application description were used, similar to dyeing with fluorescent pigments of cotton fabric.

Resistance to friction of an orange-colored fluorescent viscose fabric:

Sukhoi - 3 points

Wet - 2-3 points

Dyeing a blended polyester / cotton fabric in bright orange color by the plus-thermosol method

For dyeing the polyester component, a fluorescent dye dispersed bright orange F (Papillion orange F-GR) was used. For dyeing the cotton component, the active dye Cemactiv bright orange BF-2K was used. Dyeing was performed on the Wakayama thermosol line. The mixed fabric of article C 68 was prepared for dyeing according to the regime of decoction and bleaching. Dyeing was carried out according to the regime:

a) Impregnation of fabric on the line "Wakayama" for 1 hour composition:

Acetic acid - up to pH 5 ÷ 5.5

Primazol AMK - 1 g / l - 500 g

(anti-migrant)

Dispersant NF - 1 g / l - 500 g

Dispersed bright orange F - 40 g / l - 20 kg

Water to a volume of 500 l

Impregnation speed - 30-35 m / min

Drying temperature - 110-120 ° С

Temperature in the heat chamber - 210 ° С (according to the device)

Heat setting time 2 min 30 sec

b) Restorative cleaning of tissue on the line "Wakayama" according to the regime:

1.2 pluses - cold water

1 bath - cold water

2-3 baths - water Т = 60-70 ° С

4 bath - solution Caustic soda 47% - 3 ml / l; sodium hydrosulfite - 2 g / l;

nonionic wetting agent, emigen AK - 0.5 g / l; T = 80 ° C

5 bath - anionic solution - emigon AK wetting agent - 2 g / l; T = 80 ° C

6-7 baths - water Т = 70 ± 5 ° С

8 bath - cold water

Drying.

c) Impregnation of tissue on the line "Wakayama" for 1 hour with a solution of active dye.

The composition of the plus solution:

Primazol AMK-1 g / l - 500 g

Zemaktiv bright orange BF-2K - 10 g / l - 5 kg

Urea - 100 g / l - 50 kg

Soda - 20 g / l - 10 kg

Water to a volume of 500 l

Impregnation temperature - 30 ° С

Drying temperature - 110-120 ° С

Speed 30-35 m / min

The tissue was washed with water using Emigen AK wetting agent - 2 g / l in one bath. According to this technology, 250 m of dyed fabric was accumulated.

Dyeing the polyester fabric with a dispersed fluorescent dye in lemon yellow

Dyeing was carried out on the Wakayama production line with a fluorescent dispersed dye, lemon yellow F (papillion yellow F - 10GT, 400%).

a) Impregnation of tissue within 1 hour:

Acetic acid - up to pH 5-5.5

Primazol AMK - 1 g / l 250 g

Dispersant NF - 1 g / l 250 g

Dispersed lemon yellow F - 30 g / l 7.5 kg

Water to a volume of 250 l

Impregnation temperature - 40 ° С

Drying temperature - 110-120 ° С

Temperature of the heat chamber - 210 ° С (according to the device)

Speed - 30-35 m / min

b) washing the fabric. The washing was carried out with hot water in one bath in the presence of Emigen AK wetting agent - 2 g / l. Drying at 110 - 120 ° C. According to this technology, 60 m of dyed yellow-colored polyester fabric has been accumulated.

Dyeing polyester fabric with dispersed fluorescent dyes in bright orange

Dyeing was carried out by analogy with the previous one, using two fluorescent dispersed dyes - lemon yellow F (5 kg) and bright red (papillion red F-FG) (2.5 kg). On the Wakayama line, 60 m of polyester fabric was dyed in a bright orange color.

Dyeing polyester fabric with a dispersed fluorescent dye in red

Dyeing was carried out by analogy with the previous one, using 7.5 kg of a fluorescent dispersed dye of bright red F. 60 m of polyester fabric dyed in bright red was produced on the Wakayama line.

Dyeing a polyester knit fabric with a dispersed fluorescent dye in bright orange

The knitted polyester fabric was dyed by analogy with the previous mixture of two dispersed fluorescent dyes: lemon yellow (5 kg) and bright red f (2.5 kg). On the Wakayama line, 30 kg of knitted polyester fabric dyed in bright orange was accumulated.

Dyeing polyamide fabric with a dispersed fluorescent dye in lemon yellow

Polyamide fabric was dyed by analogy with the previous dispersed fluorescent dye lemon yellow f (7.5 kg). On the line "Wakayama" was accumulated 50 m of polyamide fabric, dyed in lemon yellow.

Pigment printing of cotton and mixed polyester / cotton and yellow fluorescent pigment

Preparation of a uterine thickener

To prepare the thickener used components that were mixed in the ratio shown in the table:

№№ p.p. Name of components Number of parts one. Distilled water 710 2. Ammonia, 25% 5 3. Akrafiks UC - Bayer emulsifier twenty four. Alcoprint RVA - a binder of TsIBA 250 5. Alkoprint PT-XN-thickener TsIBA fifteen Total: 1000

To completely swell the thickener, the mass was left for 12 hours, then mixed for 30 minutes. The result was a homogeneous, good consistency uterine thickener.

Ink preparation

As the daily fluorescent pigment used pigment of the Chinese company Goldlink-Fluo lemon Yellow FS 10G.

150 parts by weight of pigment are added to 850 parts by weight of the uterine thickener and the mass is mixed for 30 minutes. A lemon yellow printing ink is obtained.

Printing on cotton and blended polyester / cotton

Ink is applied to the fabric using a solid pattern. Fix in standard conditions.

The results of the stability test stains printed fabrics:

the cloth Stability of stains according to GOST 9733 wash PCE Friction s / m No. 1 Number 4 Cotton 4 / 4-5 / 4-5 2 / 4-5 / 4-5 4/4 / 4-5 5/4 Polyester / Cotton 4-5 / 5/5 2-3 / 4/5 4-5 / 5 / 4-5 5/4

Note. Wash No. 1 - soap + soda, 40 ° С.

Wash No. 4 - soap + soda, 95 ° C.

Assessment of the resistance of dyes on cotton to wet treatments:

1st digit - change of initial coloring, 2nd digit - transition to unpainted cotton, 3rd digit - transition to viscose fabric.

Assessment of the resistance of stains on mixed fabric to wet treatments: 1st digit - change in the stained sample, 2nd digit - transition to polyester fabric. 3rd digit - dyeing cotton.

Assessment of resistance to abrasion

1st digit - cotton coating with dry friction, 2nd digit - with wet friction.

Pigment printing of viscose fabric with orange fluorescent pigment

As viscose fabric, we used twill weave fabric of the Russian factory LLC “Children's Clothing”, article No. 4001 (viscose 100%).

As the daily fluorescent pigment, the pigment of the Chinese company Goldlink - Fluo Red Orange FSBG was used.

Just as for printing cotton fabric, a thickening composition was prepared:

No. p / p Name of components Number of parts one. Distilled water 710 2. Ammonia, 25% 5 3. Akrafiks UC - Bayer emulsifier twenty four. Alcoprint RVA - a binder of TsIBA firm 250 5. Alkoprint PT-XN - a thickener of TsIBA firm fifteen TOTAL: 1000

Printing ink is prepared as follows:

To 850 parts by weight of the uterine thickener, 150 parts by weight of pigment are added and the mass is mixed for 30 minutes. An orange printing ink is obtained.

Printing on cellulose fabric is carried out by analogy with the printing of cotton fabric with a fluorescent yellow pigment.

An orange-colored printed fluorescent viscose fabric is obtained.

Printed Viscose Fabric Stain Resistance Test Results:

Stability of stains according to GOST 9733 Wash PCE Friction S / M No. 1 Number 4 4 / 4-5 / 4-5 3 / 4-5 / 4-5 4 / 4-5 / 4-5 5/4

2. Retroreflective and combined materials

For the manufacture of special signal clothing in accordance with the invention, conventional retroreflective and combined materials were used that meet the requirements set forth in GOST R 12.4.219-99. Retroreflective and combined materials are used in the form of strips (tapes), in which they are produced for sale to sewing enterprises. Elements of retroreflective and combined materials sew on clothes.

3. Preparation of a luminescent signal element and material for its manufacture

The luminescent signal element can be made of a special luminescent material or obtained by direct application of the luminescent pigment to areas of the finished signal clothing. In the first embodiment, a signal element is prepared from a luminescent material in the form of a cut when sewing clothes or in the form of strips (ribbons) sewn onto ready-made clothes. In the second case, the luminescent pigment is applied directly to areas of signal clothing. And in that, and in another case, a luminescent printing ink on an aqueous or non-aqueous basis is applied to a textile material by spray or pigment printing.

The textile material may be unpainted and dyed, for example background fluorescent, as well as retroreflective or combined.

Textile material can be selected from the group: woven, knitted, non-woven, based on synthetic, natural and mixed fibers.

To obtain a luminescent signal element, two main types of luminescent pigment were used: yellow-green glow and turquoise glow. The most effective phosphors (luminescent pigments) that glow in the dark from the point of view of lighting performance (luminous intensity, afterglow duration) are aluminate yellow-green luminescence (with a wavelength of 520 nµ) and aluminate luminescent pigments of turquoise luminosity (with a radiation wavelength of 470 nµ). These phosphors are produced by many companies in the world. Table 1 shows some manufacturers and trade names of luminescent pigments:

Table 1 No. p.p. Name of company and country of manufacture Name of luminescent pigment one. Nemoto and Co., Ltd - Japan Lumi Nova G - 300 M 2. Honeywell - USA Lumilux Green SN-F2 3. Dalian Luminglight Science and Tehnology Co., Ltd - China SP-2, SP-4, SP-6 four. NPK Luminofor-Platan LLC-Russia LDP-2M, LDP-3M *) 5. CJSC NPF Luminofor - Russia FV - 530D 6. Nichia- Japan Ultra Glow NP-2820 *) *) Phosphors of turquoise luminescence

The most commonly used phosphors of yellow-green glow have one common disadvantage - low resistance to water. In contact with water, hydrolysis occurs. The hydrolysis process is easy to detect - by changing the pH of the aqueous pigment suspension. When a yellow-green luminescence pigment based on strontium aluminates activated by rare earth elements is added to water, the pH increases due to the formation of hydroxides. As a result, the crystal lattice is destroyed, and the ability to accumulate and emit light is lost.

For applying luminescent pigments to textile material, printing inks are used on an aqueous and non-aqueous basis. Water-based luminescent printing inks are prepared by analogy with conventional inks for textile printing (based on conventional organic pigments) - using conventional binders, thickeners and fixatives. The luminescent pigment of a yellow-green glow in an aqueous medium immediately after the preparation of the printing ink begins to hydrolyze. Printing ink can be used for printing within one to two hours after its preparation. With increasing time, in addition to hydrolysis, the coagulation process begins. In this case, the operational properties of the paint are deteriorated. Hydrolysis can be prevented by encapsulating the phosphor with a film-forming polymer. However, any encapsulation of phosphors with the formation of surface polymer shells reduces their lighting characteristics.

In the present invention uses a waterproof luminescent pigment and luminescent printing ink based on it. The proposed waterproof luminescent pigments can be used to prepare water-based pigment forms that are stable in the preparation of printing inks based on conventional thickeners used in textile pigment printing. These printing inks can be used for printing both immediately after their preparation, and after 10-12 months. Their storage stability is determined by the water resistance of luminescent pigments. It should be noted that these pigments are resistant to high temperatures in the aquatic environment. When heating waterproof luminescent pigments in water at 90-95 ° C for 6-8 hours or at 130 ° C for 3 hours, they remain resistant to hydrolysis and retain luminescent properties. This property is of great importance in printing processes using both the screen printing method (silk screen printing) and in production using flat and round patterns.

The printing process involves stages of drying and fixing. At the drying stage, moisture evaporates from the printed fabric. In this case, the temperature reaches 90-95 ° C. When fixing, the temperature on the fabric is even higher (at the end of heating it can reach 160-165 ° C), and the residual moisture is removed at temperatures above 95 ° C. The proposed luminescent pigment withstands such harsh processing without hydrolysis and preserving its lighting characteristics.

The proposed waterproof luminescent pigments are easily dispersible in aqueous media, even in the absence of surfactants. This property is of great importance in the preparation of printed compositions for spray. When applying printing ink to the fabric using the spray method, particle dispersion and a tendency to agglomeration are very important. If the particles agglomerate, clots form that clog the spray device, and patches of uneven suspension are formed on the tissue. In the case of using waterproof luminescent pigments, there are no such drawbacks, and there is no need to add special substances to increase the aggregative stability of the suspension.

The use of waterproof luminescent pigment in printing inks allows us to offer a waterproof luminescent signal element. The waterproof luminescent signal element, which is an integral part of special clothing, ensures the stability of the glow after washing and contact of clothing with environmental moisture.

A feature of printing with water-based fluorescent inks is the presence of a certain number of particles of fluorescent pigments on the surface of the fabric after printing and fixing. This is determined not only by the particle size of the phosphor, but also by the feature of the properties of printing ink (polymerization of the composition does not provide encapsulation of all pigment particles). Upon contact with moisture, the usual luminescent aluminate pigments of a yellow-green glow, located on the surface of the fabric, hydrolyze and destroy them. At the same time, the luminescence of the luminescent element decreases. The described feature is characteristic of all types of textile materials onto which a phosphor glowing in the dark is applied. At a high concentration of the luminescent pigment in the printing ink, its partial loss on the surface of the luminescent signal element due to hydrolysis does not significantly affect the lighting properties of the luminescent film. Thus, to create a luminescent signal element, it is possible to use both waterproof and non-waterproof luminescent pigments of a yellow-green glow, minimizing the time of their contact with the aqueous medium of the printing ink.

Luminescent signal elements and materials obtained using water-based printing inks are universal - they can be used as cut parts for making clothes, and as strips (tapes) for sewing on clothes. This is possible thanks to their soft neck.

Luminescent signal elements and materials obtained on a plastisol basis can be recommended mainly as bands (tapes). It should be noted that the basis for applying the luminescent film may be a non-woven material, for example, based on polyester. A non-woven luminescent signal element can be recommended for the manufacture of strips (tapes) sewn onto clothing.

To prepare luminescent signal elements using plastisol-based printing inks, conventional yellow-green luminescent pigments that are not protected from hydrolysis can be used, since the plastisol composition does not contain significant amounts of water. To obtain plastisol fluorescent inks, any turquoise luminescent pigments can also be used.

As the plastisol paint base, any transparent standard compositions based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other polymers can be used.

General method for producing waterproof luminescent pigment

Orthophosphoric acid salt and one of the acids selected from the group: HCl, HNO ₃ or H ₂ SO ₄ are added to the corresponding amount of water with stirring at room temperature. The mixture is stirred for 10 minutes and a luminescent pigment is added in portions over the course of 5 minutes to the resulting solution.

The mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The precipitate is filtered off, washed thoroughly first with ordinary, then with distilled water and dried to constant weight at 130-140 ° C.

When processing a luminescent pigment with a mixture of salts and acids, if necessary, the temperature of the reaction medium is increased by heating using an external heat source (water bath or electric heating). During the processing of the luminescent pigment, the pH of the aqueous suspension is measured.

For the treatment of luminescent pigments, acids are used: 35% HCl, 55% HNO ₃ , 96% H ₂ SO ₄ .

EXAMPLE 1

16 g of water are placed in a glass cup equipped with a magnetic stirrer and 15.5 g of Na ₃ PO ₄ · 12H ₂ O are added with stirring, then 8.5 g of 35% HCl. To 40 mg of the resulting solution was added portionwise over 5 minutes, 10.0 g of a luminescent pigment. As a result of spontaneous heating, the temperature of the reaction mixture increased to 28 ° C. Stirred for 1 hour. At the end of the reaction, the temperature of the phosphor suspension is 25-26 ° C. The suspension is filtered off, the precipitate is washed with water and dried at 130-140 ° C. 9.82 g of a light yellow luminescent pigment are obtained. After mixing water, salt and acid, the resulting solution had a pH = 5. At the end of the reaction, pH = 5.5.

The resulting luminescent pigment is hydrolyzed in water at room temperature. When added to water, it begins to decompose immediately. the pH of the solution within 10-40 minutes reaches 10, and after 2 hours, pH = 11-12.

EXAMPLES 2-8

Examples 2-8 are summarized in the Table. 10.0 g of the luminescent pigment is treated under the conditions of Example 1 40 g of a solution obtained by mixing a constant amount of Na ₃ PO ₄ · 12H ₂ O with various amounts of water and 35% (d1,18) hydrochloric acid. The pH of the reaction solution is controlled before and after pigment treatment. The resistance of the treated luminescent pigment to the action of water at room temperature is determined.

No. of Example Amount, g PH Resistance of luminescent pigment to water Na ₃ PO ₄ · 12H ₂ O H ₂ O 35% HCl stock solution at the end of the reaction 2. 15,5 15.4 9.1 four 4,5 not stable 3. 15,5 14.9 9.6 3 four steady four. 15,5 13.9 10.6 2 3 steady 5. 15,5 12.8 11.7 1,5 1,5 steady 6. 15,5 11.7 12.8 one one steady 7. 15,5 10.7 13.8 <1 <1 steady 8. 15,5 7.7 16.8 A gel-like, difficult-to-filter reaction mass was formed

Preparation of plastisol-based fluorescent printing ink

a) As a luminescent pigment glowing in the dark, a phosphor of yellow-green glow was used by the Russian company NPK Luminofor-Platan LLC - LDP-2M.

As a plastisol base paint, colorless transparent paint produced by the Russian company Spika Technology, TP-10001, was used.

To 800 hours TP-10001 paints add 200 parts by weight LDP-2M luminescent pigment and mix thoroughly for 30 minutes. Get 1000 hours. transparent luminescent printing ink. To improve the adhesion of the ink to the substrate, 3-5% of the Vulkabond preparation is added to the ink before printing. After drawing a picture or text on the fabric, the printed image is dried and thermofixed at a temperature of 160 ° C.

As luminescent pigments, you can use any phosphors that glow in the dark, yellow-green or turquoise glow produced by the main manufacturers of Russia, Japan, China and other countries.

Since the basis for the production of plastisol ink is polyvinyl chloride (PVC), various transparent compositions based on PVC can be used for the preparation of luminescent printing inks, for example, Emulsion Resin E 6602C;

b) for the preparation of luminescent printing ink, the phosphor of the yellow-green glow of the Japanese company Nemoto - Luminova G-300 was used, as the base ink - a composition based on emulsion resin E 6602C.

Paint composition:

Emulsion resin E 6602C - 100 hours Dioctylphthalate (DOF) - 57 hours (plasticizer) OTS stabilizer - 17MS - 3 hours Luminescent pigment Luminova G-300 - 20 hours

The resin, plasticizer and stabilizer are mixed in the ratio indicated in the formulation and mixed for 30 minutes. The mass is left without stirring for 12 hours, after which the luminescent pigment is added in portions with stirring for 30 minutes and mixed for another 30 minutes. The obtained luminescent ink is used for printing both by the silk-screen printing method, and by the continuous method of applying paint to a fabric using a doctor blade.

The temperature of the fixation is 160 ° C (at this temperature, the polymerization of the components and the fixation of the resulting film on the substrate takes place).

Preparation of water-based fluorescent inks for printing

For the preparation of printing ink, the phosphor of the Russian company NPK Luminofor-Platan LLC - LDP-2M and components for the preparation of a thickener of Ciba Specialty Chemical Inc: were used:

Binder - Alcoprint PB-NS

Thickener - Alcoprint PT-XN

Lock - Alcoprint PFL

Softener - Alcoprint PSС

a) Preparation of the thickener

To 370 V.H. distilled water add 200 vol. binder, include a stirrer and with stirring over 10 minutes add dropwise 10-20 parts by weight thickener to form a homogeneous mass, then add 10-30 parts by weight softener, 10-30 parts by weight fixer and mix for 10 minutes. The viscosity of the resulting thickener is determined. Viscosity should be between 60 and 80 dPas / Sec. Viscosity is controlled by adding a thickener or aqueous ammonia to the composition. Typically, the pH of the thickener is maintained at 9.

b) Preparation of printing ink

To 800-850 vol.h. thickeners for printing with vigorous stirring for 20 minutes are added in portions of 150-200 hours. powder of a luminescent pigment and stirred for another 30 minutes until a homogeneous mass of light yellow is formed. Get luminescent printing ink.

Preparation of water-based luminescent paint for spray

a) Preparation of the thickener

To 750 vol. distilled water add 200 vol. binder. Then, with stirring, 10-13 parts by weight are added dropwise over 10 minutes. thickener and mix for another 10 minutes until a homogeneous mass is formed. Then, with stirring, add 30 parts by weight softener and 10 parts by weight retainer. The viscosity of the thickener is determined. Viscosity should be 30-40 dPas / Sec /. To control the viscosity, either a thickener (for thickening) or a 20% aqueous Nad solution (for thinning) is used. The consistency of the thickener should be such that it can be easily sprayed without clogging the nozzle of the spray device.

b) Preparation of spray paint

Spray paint is prepared similarly to preparing ink for printing using a spray thickener.

Manual screen printing using fluorescent printing ink

a) Water based

For printing, templates with mesh No. 34 (with mesh size 34 mesh) of Saati single-strand polyester were used.

The product of one of the designs of special signal clothing is placed on the printing table and pressed with its template.

Printing ink is evenly applied to the template (in a place where there is no text or picture). Then, with a squeegee, with certain pressure along the template, printing ink is pressed in place of the text or picture. To ensure hiding power, it is necessary to make two to three passes with a squeegee. Then the template is lifted, and the printed product is subjected to intermediate drying at a temperature of 100-110 ° C for 20-30 seconds. Then the printed product is subjected to heat setting. The product is placed on the perforated tape of the dryer. When the tape moves, the product moves to the heating zone, where the fixing process takes place. Fixation is carried out at a temperature on the surface of the fabric of 158-160 ° C for 80-90 s. Depending on the product and the area of the printed pattern, the fixing process is repeated 2-3 times.

b) On a plastisol basis

Screen plastisol printing is carried out by analogy with the use of water-based luminescent printing inks. Ink based on plastisol has a high hiding power - for high-quality printing, one or two passes with a squeegee are enough. The process of fixing the printed product is carried out once.

Plastisol-based luminescent printing ink was used to apply squeegees on fabrics of various compositions. After applying the paint and fixing at 160 ° C, a thin film is formed on the surface of the fabric, glowing in the dark. Since the film is transparent, you can use fabrics that are dyed in fluorescent colors: yellow, orange or red. Printed fabric has the property of fluorescence, and the ability to glow in the dark.

When printing with plastisol inks of retroreflective and combined materials, luminescent materials having the properties of phosphorescence, fluorescence and retroreflection are obtained.

Spray luminescent paint

The product of one of the designs of special signal clothing is put on a mannequin. Prepare the compressor, connect all the components of the spray device (gun). The operating pressure in the system is ≈2 atm. Luminescent paint for spray is poured into a special container of the gun and regulate the air supply. Then the product is sprayed. At the end of the application of paint, the product is dried at room temperature, put on the mannequin again and re-applied the suspension of the thickener for the spray (without luminescent pigment). The product is removed from the mannequin and again dried at room temperature. Then it is subjected to a heat-setting process at 158-160 ° C for 80-90 s. The process of heat setting is repeated 2-3 times.

Printing with water-based luminescent printing ink on industrial technological equipment

Water-based inks are prepared by analogy with the previous one. Printing is carried out using round solid patterns. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 100-110 ° C, heat-setting at 158-160 ° C (temperature on the fabric) for 80-90 s.

4. The manufacture of luminescent material

A. Application of water-based luminescent printing inks on textile materials by textile printing

1. Application of luminescent printing ink using a luminescent pigment yellow-green glow - LDP-2M

EXAMPLE 1

On a polyester fabric dyed yellow with a fluorescent dispersed dye by pigment printing, as described above, a luminescent printing ink is applied through a solid pattern. Then the fabric is dried and fixed. A yellow luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 2

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a polyester fabric dyed in orange with a mixture of yellow and red dispersed fluorescent dyes is used. An orange luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 3

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a polyester fabric dyed in red with a red dispersed fluorescent dye is used. Get a red polyester luminescent material with a reddish-yellow glow in the dark. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 4

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a polyester knitted fabric dyed with dispersed fluorescent orange dye is used. An orange knitted luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark is obtained. 10 kg of luminescent material have been accumulated.

EXAMPLE 5

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a polyamide fabric dyed in orange color with a dispersed orange fluorescent dye is used. An orange polyamide luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of material.

EXAMPLE 6

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As the textile material, a mixed polyester-cotton fabric dyed in orange fluorescent color is used. An orange luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 7

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As the textile material, a mixed polyester-cotton fabric dyed in yellow fluorescent color is used. A yellow luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 8

Printing is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a cotton fabric dyed with pigment fluorescent yellow 10G is used. A yellow luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 9

Printing with fluorescent ink is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a cotton fabric dyed with pigment fluorescent orange 2G is used. An orange luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 10

Printing with luminescent ink is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material, a polyester fabric printed with a pigment fluorescent yellow 10G is used. A yellow luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 11

Printing fluorescent ink is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material using unpainted polyester fabric. A white luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 12

Printing fluorescent ink is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material using unpainted polyamide fabric. A white luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 20 m of luminescent material.

2. Application of a luminescent printing ink using a luminescent pigment of a turquoise glow LDP-3M

EXAMPLE 13

Printing fluorescent printing ink (containing the pigment LDP-3M) is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material using unpainted polyester fabric. A white luminescent material with a turquoise glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 14

Printing luminescent printing ink (containing the pigment LDP-3M) is carried out by analogy with Example 1. As a textile material using unpainted polyester fabric, dyed with a dispersed fluorescent dye in yellow. A yellow luminescent material is obtained with a deep greenish-yellow glow in the dark. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

B. Application of a water-based luminescent paint using the LDP-2M fluorescent pigment of yellow-green light on spray materials on textile materials

EXAMPLE 15

By analogy with applying a luminescent paint by spraying a product as described above, a luminescent paint is applied by spraying onto a yellow polyester fabric. After drying, the tissue is re-treated with a spray thickener that does not contain luminescent pigment. After drying and heat setting at 158-160 ° C for 80-90 s, a luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 5 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 16

The treatment is carried out by analogy with Example 15. As a textile material, cotton fabric dyed with an orange fluorescent pigment is used. A luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 5 m of luminescent material.

B. Application of plastisol-based luminescent printing ink containing a yellow-green luminescent pigment on textile materials

1. Application of luminescent paint using plastisol paint-base colorless transparent paint TP-10001

EXAMPLE 17

The luminescent printing ink containing the luminescent pigment LDP-2M is applied to the fabric, as described previously, dried and thermofixed at 160 ° C. As a textile material, a polyester unpainted fabric is used. A white film luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 18

The application is carried out by analogy with Example 17. As a textile material, a polyester fabric dyed with a yellow fluorescent dispersed dye is used. A yellow fluorescent film luminescent material with a yellow-green glow in the dark is obtained. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 19

The application is carried out by analogy with Example 17. As a textile material, a polyester fabric dyed with an orange fluorescent dispersed dye is used. An orange fluorescent film luminescent material with a yellowish-orange glow is obtained. Accumulated 10 m of luminescent material.

EXAMPLE 20

A 50-mm-wide gray reflective strip (tape) was centrally applied with a luminescent printing ink in the form of a strip with a width of 20 mm. After drying and heat setting at 160 ° C, a luminescent material is obtained in the form of a tape 50 mm wide, in the center of which a white luminescent film is printed with a yellow glow in the dark. Accumulated 10 m of tape.

EXAMPLE 21

By analogy with Example 20, a yellow fluorescent color retroreflective tape with a width of 50 mm is applied in the center with a plastisol luminescent printing ink in the form of a strip with a width of 20 mm. After drying and heat setting at 160 ° C, a luminescent material is obtained in the form of a tape 50 mm wide, in the center of which a yellow luminescent film is printed with a yellow glow in the dark. Accumulated 10 m of tape.

EXAMPLE 22

By analogy with Example 20, on the basis of a combined reflective tape of orange fluorescent color, 10 m of tape 50 mm wide was produced, in the center of which an orange fluorescent film was printed with a yellowish-orange glow in the dark.

1. Application of luminescent printing ink using emulsion resin E 6602C as plastisol ink base

EXAMPLE 23

A luminescent printing ink containing a luminous pigment Luminova G-300 is applied to a textile material by continuous application using a doctor blade. Thermofix at 160 ° C. As a textile material, a non-woven unpainted material is used, article C-05053, 100% polyester. Get a transparent luminescent material of white color, with a yellowish-green glow in the dark. 200 m of luminescent material was accumulated.

5. Production of clothing special signal

In accordance with the invention, special signal clothing is made using a base material (fluorescent background material), a retroreflective material, a combined material, and a material containing luminescent pigment. In the manufacture of clothing, they were guided by the recommended designs of special signal clothing of increased visibility in accordance with GOST R 12.4.219-99.

A luminescent material containing a luminescent pigment is prepared as described. This material was used as a cut element, and in the form of ribbons sewn onto various types of signal clothing made in accordance with GOST (clothing containing two signals).

In accordance with the invention, signal clothing was made in accordance with GOST 12.4.219-99, followed by the application of luminescent paint by silk-screen printing (unit printing) of a drawing or inscriptions. Such clothes also contained three signals. The third signal (glow in the dark) was applied to the finished signal clothing also by the spray method.

EXAMPLES OF SPECIAL SIGNAL CLOTHING DESIGNS

EXAMPLE 1

A jacket of increased visibility (Fig. 1) was made of a polyester fabric dyed in yellow fluorescent color, on which a paint containing a luminescent pigment of a yellow-green glow was applied by continuous printing. The fabric has two properties - fluorescence and phosphorescence (glow in the dark). Two horizontal retroreflective strips (tapes) around the torso and two retroreflective strips connecting to the stripe on the torso front and rear through the shoulders are sewn onto the jacket. On the sleeves of the jacket are sewn two covering strips of retroreflective material located at the same level as the strips on the torso. The upper strip covers the upper part of the sleeve between the shoulder and the elbow, and the lower part is located at a distance of 50 mm from the lower edge of the sleeve. The distance between two horizontal stripes is 50 mm. The width of the retroreflective strip is 50 mm.

EXAMPLE 2

A jacket of a construction is made in accordance with Example 1, where a polyamide fabric dyed in orange fluorescent color is used as a material, on which ink containing a luminescent pigment of a yellow-green glow is applied by continuous printing.

EXAMPLE 3

A jacket of a construction is made in accordance with Example 1, where a mixed fabric of cotton / polyester, dyed yellow fluorescent, was used as a material, and a paint containing a luminescent yellow-green glow pigment was applied by continuous printing.

EXAMPLE 4

A jacket of a construction was made in accordance with Example 1, where a polyester fabric dyed in red fluorescent color was used as a material, onto which a paint containing a luminescent yellow-green glow pigment was applied by continuous printing.

EXAMPLE 5

A jacket of a construction according to Example 1 was made, where a polyester fabric printed on the front side with a mixture of a yellow fluorescent pigment and a luminescent pigment glowing in the dark of a yellow-green glow was used as the material.

EXAMPLE 6

Made a vest (figure 2) from a polyester fabric dyed in orange fluorescent color. Two horizontal strips of retroreflective material around the torso at a distance of 50 mm from each other are sewn onto the vest. The lower edge of the lower strip is located at a distance of 50 mm from the lower edge of the vest. Above the upper part of the upper strip around the torso, a luminescent strip is sewn, glowing in the dark, made of unpainted polyester fabric printed with a luminescent pigment. The width of the retroreflective and luminescent bands is 50 mm.

EXAMPLE 7

A design vest was made in accordance with Example 6, where cotton fabric printed with a yellow fluorescent pigment was used as the background material (base material).

EXAMPLE 8

A vest of construction is constructed in accordance with Example 6, wherein the luminescent strip is made of a polyester fabric dyed in yellow fluorescent color printed with a luminescent pigment.

EXAMPLE 9

A vest of construction is constructed in accordance with Example 7, where the luminescent strip is made of a polyester fabric dyed in orange fluorescent color, printed with a luminescent pigment.

EXAMPLE 10

A design vest was made in accordance with Example 6, where a polyester knitted fabric dyed in orange fluorescent color was used as the background material.

EXAMPLE 11

A vest-cape was made in accordance with the design of FIG. 3 from a polyester fabric dyed in yellow fluorescent color. Two horizontal strips of retroreflective material around the torso at a distance of 50 mm from each other and strips of luminescent material glowing in the dark, the same as in Example 6, are connected to the cape vest, which are connected to the upper strip on the torso in front and behind through the shoulders. The lower edge of the lower strip on the torso is located at a distance of 50 mm from the bottom of the product. The strips of luminescent material are made of unpainted polyester fabric printed with luminescent pigment. The width of the retroreflective and luminescent bands is 50 mm.

EXAMPLE 12

A wrap vest was constructed in accordance with Example 11, where the strips of the luminescent material are made of polyester fabric dyed in orange fluorescent color, printed with a luminescent pigment, are the same as in Example 9.

EXAMPLE 13

Trousers with a belt are made in accordance with the design of FIG. 4 from a polyester fabric dyed in yellow fluorescent color. Pants have two horizontal strips of retroreflective material, covering horizontally each leg at a distance of 50 mm from each other. The upper edge of the upper strip is located at a distance of 350 mm from the lower edge of the trousers, and the lower edge of the lower strip is located at a distance of 50 mm from the lower edge of the trousers. On the front of the trousers above the upper edge of the upper strip on the material covering each leg, the method of spraying applied aqueous printing ink containing a luminescent pigment that glows in the dark, yellow-green glow.

EXAMPLE 14

An indoor jumpsuit of the construction of FIG. 5 is made of a mixed polyester / cotton fabric dyed in orange. Two horizontal strips of retroreflective material around the torso at a distance of 50 mm from each other are sewn onto the jumpsuit. Two covering strips of retroreflective material are located on the sleeves of the overalls, located at the same level as the strips on the torso. The upper strip covers the upper part of the sleeve between the shoulder and the elbow, and the lower strip is located at a distance of 50 mm from the lower edge of the sleeve. Overalls have two horizontal strips of retroreflective material, covering each leg horizontally at a distance of 50 mm from each other. The upper edge of the upper strip is located at a distance of 350 mm from the lower edge of the trousers, and the lower edge of the lower strip is located at a distance of 50 mm from the lower edge of the trousers. On the front of the trousers above the upper edge of the upper strip, a material containing luminescent pigment glowing in the dark is applied by spraying on a material covering each leg. On the back of the overalls jacket between the upper edge of the upper horizontal strip of retroreflective material covering the torso and the collar, a silk-screen printing pattern is applied using a luminescent paint containing a yellow-green luminescent pigment prepared on a water basis. Drawing - in the form of the coat of arms of Russia.

EXAMPLE 15

An indoor overalls with increased visibility of the structure was made in accordance with Example 14, characterized in that instead of the pattern with the same luminescent paint as in Example 14, the word “CEMESS” was printed.

EXAMPLE 16

A closed visibility jumpsuit was made in accordance with Example 15, characterized in that the word "CEMESS" was printed with a plastisol-based fluorescent ink obtained using a yellow-green fluorescent pigment.

EXAMPLE 17

A closed jumpsuit with increased visibility of the structure was made - in accordance with the example with Example 14, characterized in that a cotton fabric dyed with a fluorescent orange pigment was used as the background material (base material).

Claims (11)

1. Special signal clothing of increased visibility, made of textile material and containing signal elements from specialized materials selected from the group: fluorescent background base material, retroreflective material or combined material having both the properties of fluorescent and retroreflective materials, characterized in that it additionally contains a luminescent signal element containing hydrolysis-protected waterproof aluminate luminescent pigment, floor studied by treating an aluminate phosphor with a mixture of salts selected from the group: Na ₃ PO ₄ , Na ₂ HPO ₄ , (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ , Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , with acids selected from the group: HCL, H ₂ SO ₄ , HNO ₃ , which provides a glow effect in the dark in the absence of light sources. 2. Clothing according to claim 1, in which the fluorescent background base material is made of fabrics or knitted fabrics based on cotton, viscose, polyester, polyamide, or mixtures thereof. 3. Clothing according to claim 2, in which the fluorescent background base material is painted in one of three primary fluorescent colors: yellow, orange, red. 4. Clothing according to claim 3, in which the fluorescent background base material is printed with a fluorescent pigment and / or dye in a solid pattern or in the form of a pattern. 5. Luminescent signal material made by applying a paint containing a luminescent pigment obtained by treating an aluminate phosphor with a mixture of salts selected from the groups: Na ₃ PO ₄ , Na ₂ HPO ₄ , (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ , Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ , with acids selected from the group: HCL, H ₂ SO ₄ , HNO ₃ , which provides a glow effect in the dark in the absence of light sources, on a material selected from the group: unpainted, background fluorescent, retroreflective, combined. 6. The luminescent signal material according to claim 5, in which the application of the luminescent pigment on the material is carried out by the method of pigment printing or spray. 7. The luminescent signal material according to claim 6, in which water-based or non-aqueous based inks are used for the pigment printing method. 8. The luminescent signal material according to claim 6, in which water-based paints are used for the spray method. 9. The luminescent signal material according to claims 5-8, wherein the luminescent pigment is selected from the group: aluminate luminescent pigment of yellow-green or turquoise luminescence. 10. The luminescent signal material according to claim 9, in which the unpainted material is selected from the group: woven, knitted, non-woven, based on synthetic, natural and mixed fibers. 11. A luminescent signal element made of material according to claims 5-10 in the form of parts of a cut of a product or strips (tapes) sewn onto a product, or by direct application of paint containing luminescent pigment to finished clothing by pigment printing or spray.

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