RU2364963C1 - Elastic material for protection from x-ray and gamma radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; nuclear.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns materials for protection against radiation which can be used for making of protective clothes, screens, facing and other products. The elastic material for protection against X-ray and gamma radiation consists from a binding agent and a filling compound - powdered tungsten or heavy metals oxides. Binding agent is executed from thermoplastic polyurethane. Polyurethane content in a protective material makes 10.0…80.0 wt %, and the rest - the specified tungsten or heavy metals oxides.

EFFECT: increase of protective properties of a material and its basic technical characteristics, simplification of technological process of material manufacture and various products from it, extension of material usage temperature range.

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Description

The invention relates to materials for protection against radiation, which can be used to create protective clothing, screens, cladding and other products.

Known elastic material for protection against x-ray and gamma radiation, containing a binder and filler - powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides (RF patent No. 2030803, G21F 1/10, 1995 - the closest analogue). At the same time, rubbers are mainly used as a binder in the material.

The disadvantages of the closest analogue are:

- insufficiently high protective properties of the material;

- the manufacture of various products from the material is possible only by gluing or molding their constituent elements;

- the presence of a vulcanization stage in the production process of the material;

- the use of various additives in the material to simplify the process and increase the thermo-oxidative stability of the material;

- limited use of the material at low temperatures.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the protective properties of the material and its main technical characteristics, simplify the manufacturing process of the material and various products made of it, expand the temperature range of the material.

This result in an elastic material for protection against x-ray and gamma radiation containing a binder and a filler — powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides — is achieved by the fact that the binder is made of thermoplastic polyurethane with the following ratio of components: thermoplastic polyurethane 10.0 ... 80.0 wt. .%, the rest is powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides.

The elastic material for protection against x-ray and gamma radiation, as described above, contains thermoplastic polyurethane and powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides.

The execution of a binder made of thermoplastic polyurethane makes it possible to increase the basic characteristics of the material, its elasticity, strength, resistance to external atmospheric factors, simplify the production technology of the material itself and various products made of it, and expand the temperature range of use of the material.

The elastic material, unlike the prototype, can be welded by heat welding and ultrasound, which greatly simplifies the technology for the production of products from it, especially large sizes and complex shapes. In addition to welding, the claimed material also adheres well. It can be reused.

The elastic material is obtained in the following manner.

Granules of thermoplastic polyurethane and heavy metal oxides in the required ratio are mixed with each other. Then the resulting mixture is fed into a planetary extruder, in which it melts at the melting temperature of thermoplastic polyurethane. After that, the melt is fed into the calender, where a film of a given thickness and width is obtained.

The main properties of the elastic material are presented in table 1.

The use of filler - powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides provides high protective properties of the claimed elastic material. These properties, obtained as a result of processing the tests performed, were estimated by the linear attenuation coefficient of gamma radiation of the plates made of the claimed elastic material. The indicated attenuation coefficient is the ratio of the measured study doses received between the radiation source and the dosimeter-radiometer detector in the absence and presence of a sample.

Table 1 The main properties of the material №№ Material properties Indicators one Specific gravity, kg / m ³ 4900 2 Useful width, cm 150 3 Tensile strength, MPa 90 ... 200 four Elongation at break,% 350 ... 370 5 Temperature range of use, ° С -70 ... + 110 6 Oil resistance Racks 7 Manufacturability Welded by heat, ultrasound, glued 8 Elasticity (number of excesses), kilocycles 100 ... 300

The values of this linear attenuation coefficient depending on the thickness of the plates and the power of the radiation sources are presented in table 2.

table 2 The linear attenuation coefficient of gamma radiation of the plates Isotopes Plate thickness, mm 0.35 0.7 1.05 1.4 1.75 2.1 2.45 4.65 Co - 60 1.001 1.003 1.011 1,021 1,027 1,039 1,056 1,123 Cs - 137 1.014 1,028 1,042 1,058 1,069 1,085 1,101 1,214 Ir - 192 1,039 1,063 1,076 1,104 1,128 1,160 1,200 1,402 Sc - 75 1,081 1,181 1,265 1,341 1,442 1,537 1,646 2,353 Note: The data in Table 2 were obtained when filling the wafer material with powder tungsten equal to 75.0 wt.%.

The claimed invention allows to obtain an elastic material with high protection against x-ray and gamma radiation. The main advantages of an elastic material are its high physical and mechanical and operational characteristics, the possibility of obtaining a protective film from radiation, the manufacturability of the material and its various products, the absence of plasticizer, the possibility of varying the composition of the material over a wide range, the absence of toxicity in production and operation, a wide temperature range the use of material (-70 ° C ... + 110 ° C), the possibility of recycling the material. These advantages, together with the high efficiency of radiation protection, give reason to believe that the proposed elastic material can be widely used in practice.

Claims (1)

An elastic material for protection against x-ray and gamma radiation, containing a binder and a filler - powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides, characterized in that the binder is made of thermoplastic polyurethane in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Thermoplastic polyurethane 10.0-80.0 Powdered tungsten or heavy metal oxides rest