RU2363679C1 - Masonry mortar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is related to masonry mortars and may be used for making structures out of bricks, concrete stones and light rock stones. Masonry mortar contains cement, filler, additive in the form of nano-catalysts and water. Filler used is fly ash created in gas treatment systems during sand drying, as nano-catalysts - carbon tubes or fullerenes at the following ratio of components: cement - 400 kg/cub.m; fly ash - 1250 kg/cub.m; nano-catalysts - 0.02 kg/cub.m; water - 340 kg/cub.m. ^ EFFECT: increased strength and frost resistance of masonry mortar. ^ 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to masonry mortars and can be used for masonry structures made of bricks, concrete stones and stones from light rocks.

A well-known cement-sand-clay mortar, consisting of 1 part cement, 3-4 parts sand, 0.25 parts clay (L. Vorobyov, A.G. Komar, Building Materials. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1976, p. 97). However, it has low strength.

Known waterproof cement-sand mortar used for waterproofing screeds in the bathrooms of residential buildings. It is prepared in the ratio of cement: sand - 1: 3, with a water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5. The amount of added additive (bentonite clay) is from 2 to 7% (Artsev AI Bentonite clay as a sealing additive. Building materials and structures. Kiev: Budivelnik, 1988, No. 1, p.11).

However, the strength characteristics of this solution are achieved due to the inclusion of a significant amount of bentonite clay, which has a high cost. Moreover, the known solution has a low frost resistance. In addition, sand is included in the composition of the solution as a filler, which also increases the cost of the solution.

The closest set of features to the proposed invention, i.e. The prototype is a composition for the production of building materials, including cement, aggregate, an additive in the form of nanocatalysts and water (see RU 2281262 C1, C04B 28/00, 08/10/2006).

However, the known composition has a low frost resistance. In addition, sand is included in the composition of the solution as a filler, which also increases the cost of the solution.

The inventive task was to develop a composition of masonry mortar with high strength and good frost resistance when used as a filler production waste.

This problem is solved by creating a masonry mortar of the following composition:

- cement - 400 kg / cubic meter,

- fly ash - 1250 kg / cubic meter,

- nanocatalysts - 0.02 kg / cubic meter,

- water - 340 kg / cubic meter.

As cement, cement of any brand is used.

As the dust of ablation use dust generated in gas cleaning systems when drying sand. Nanocatalysts — carbon tubes or fullerenes — are used as additives.

In Moscow and the Moscow region there are 25 asphalt concrete plants. Only at the Mytishchi Asphalt Concrete Plant with a capacity of 300 thousand tons per year, up to 10 tons of dusty sand drying waste, which is almost never used, is sent to dumps and, moreover, pollutes the environment during the production process in gas cleaning systems. This waste belongs to the 1st class of building materials in accordance with GOST 30108-94 “Building materials and products. Determination of the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides. "

The cement used in the masonry mortar complies with GOST 10178-85, sand - GOST 2138-91, and water - GOST 23732-79. Thus, the claimed masonry mortar differs from the prototype in that it includes pulverized waste from drying sand and nanocatalysts — carbon tubes or fullerenes (additive).

The proposed masonry mortar has high strength and good frost resistance. In addition, an environmental benefit is an added benefit.

Example. Take 400 g of cement, 1250 g of pulverized waste, 340 g of water, 0.02 g of the additive (carbon tubes or fullerenes). The components are thoroughly mixed and a solution is prepared. Samples of beams 40 × 40 × 160 in size are formed from the resulting solution in accordance with GOST 5802-86, steamed for 8 hours in molds and after cooling they are tested for strength.

The use of dusty sand drying waste as a filler for masonry mortar, as well as the use of nanocatalysts (carbon tubes or fullerenes) as an additive, significantly reduces the cost of the solution while maintaining its strength characteristics and frost resistance.

The calculations are presented in the table.

Table Materials Consumption of materials per 1 cubic meter Cost, rub. 1 t of material Solution with waste and nanocatalysts, 1 cubic meter Mortar with sand and bentonite clay, 1 cubic meter Cement PTs400 400 kg / m3 4500 1800 1800 Lyubertsy sand 1200 kg / m3 1000 - 1200 Dusty sand drying waste 1250 kg / m3 250 312.5 - Nanocatalysts 0.02 kg / m3 10,000,000 200 - Bentonite clay 0.1 kg / m3 1,000,000 - one hundred water 340 kg / m3 40 13.6 13.6 TOTAL: 2326.1 rub. 3113.6 rub.

The table shows that the cost of pulverized waste is almost four times less than the cost of sand. At the same time, the cost of nanocatalysts used in small quantities for the present invention is not much more than the cost of bentonite clay. While maintaining the strength and frost resistance of the masonry mortar, the cost of 1 cubic meter of mortar was 2326 rubles.

Claims (1)

A masonry mortar containing cement, aggregate, an additive in the form of nanocatalysts and water, characterized in that the aggregate uses fly ash generated in gas cleaning systems when sand is dried, carbon tubes or fullerenes are used as nanocatalysts in the following ratio of components, kg / m ³ :
cement 400 fly ash 1250 nanocatalysts 0.02 water 340