RU2362674C1 - Mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to oil and gas production, particularly to process equipment designed for cementing oil or gas wells. The installation consists of blocks assembled on a frame of an automobile chassis; the blocks are united with a pipeline system. The pump block contains diesel units of an automobile and two three-plunger pumps connected by means of drive shafts. A water supplying pump and a re-circulating pump fed from the hydro-system of the mobile installation are assembled in the rear part of the automobile chassis; combined blocks of preparing grouting mortars and of averaging are arranged over the said pumps. The first block includes a mixing tank, while the second one contains an averaging tank. Also the mixing tank is made integral with the averaging tank owing to a common wall between them. The mixing tank in its bottom part is connected with a branch of re-circulation, which in a mixer is tied with a re-circulating unit via the re-circulating pump, while the averaging tank in its bottom part is connected with a branch of ready cement grout withdrawal.

EFFECT: invention facilitates arranging required process equipment on one mobile base; this equipment ensures continuous preparing of solution with sufficient degree of averaging; also invention increases compactness of installation blocks placement and decreases dimensions of installation.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of oil and gas production, and in particular to technological equipment for cementing oil or gas wells.

Halliburton's cementing machine CPT-Y4 is known, consisting of units located on one mobile base, including a pump unit containing two power units connected via a transmission to two three-plunger (triplex) pumps, a volumetric tank of 3.2 m ³ , low collectors and high pressure, to a mixing vessel, a solution volume of 0.95 m ³ equipped with a mixer, mixing (the water supply) and circulation (recycle) centrifugal pumps, tied with a piping system, and a system in Government & the collection of information (User's Guide "for cementing complex CPT-Y4», firm Halliburton, Rus., 1996).

The specified cementing machine has dimensions: total length 10.92 m, total width 2.78 m, total height 4.10 m, exceeding the norms for dimensions established by European and Russian requirements for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road, which are for vehicles are: total length 12 m, total width 2.5 m, total height 4 m (“Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo by road on the roads of the Russian Federation”, see pp: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3). In addition, this cementing machine has a small volume of containers for the preparation of solutions, since there is no buffer volume of the prepared solution, which would allow for the pumping process of the finished solution in case of forced delays in the process of preparing the solution.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a "Well cementing unit" (patent RU No. 33972 for utility model, Е21В 33/13), which is a collection of units located on one mobile base, including a pump unit containing two power units connected by means of a transmission with two three-plunger pumps, a unit for receiving and distributing process liquids containing measuring tanks, centrifugal pumps, a piping system and stop valves, a tampon preparation unit GOVERNMENTAL solutions containing shutteth pump driven by the powerplant block averaging with mud surge tank, recirculating unit with a recirculating centrifugal pump monitoring and control system. At the same time, the cement slurry preparation unit includes a hydraulic vacuum funnel with a mixing unit in which cement and water are pre-mixed.

The averaging unit has a large volume averaging tank, which provides a buffer volume of the prepared solution, which is divided into two sections, and in the section with a large volume there are two hydromechanical mixers with paddle nozzles located at the end of its working shaft, and the smaller volume section is intended for mixing liquid. Placing two stirrers in one volume allows for the preparation of a solution in a large volume tank.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the mixing of cement mortars is carried out by a high-pressure pump through a hydraulic funnel, which is not included in the unit equipment, that is, before starting the unit, it is necessary to carry out installation work on its installation.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to create a mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells, based on one mobile base, the dimensions of which are smaller than the normative dimensions established in the "Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargo by road on the roads of the Russian Federation", with this installation should include technological equipment that provides continuous preparation of a solution having a sufficient degree of averaging.

The problem is solved by a new arrangement of units of a mobile unit, including a pump unit, a unit for receiving and distributing process liquids, a unit for preparing grouting mortars, an averaging unit and a control and monitoring unit tied up with a piping system equipped with shut-off valves, as well as by improving the preparation unit cement slurries and averaging unit.

The pump unit contains two diesel units located behind the driver's cab and located on the frame of the car chassis. Cardan shafts are connected to diesel engines on the one hand and, on the other hand, to two three-plunger pumps, which pump solutions and other viscous media, liquids and materials. Three-plunger pumps and check valve blocks are placed across the frame of the automobile chassis, which reduces the length of the platform for the placement of technological equipment.

A water supply pump and a recirculation pump, which are involved in the preparation of the solution, are installed in the rear of the chassis frame. These pumps have hydraulic drives, powered from the hydraulic system of the installation, the pressure of the working fluid in which is created by hydraulic pumps driven by power take-off from the internal combustion engine of the chassis drive, and are connected by pipelines.

It is also possible to reduce the dimensions of the installation by placing a measuring tank for water and technological solutions, made with two compartments with a total volume of 5 m ³ above the cardan shafts mounted on the frame of the car chassis, each compartment equipped with an opening in the bottom for connecting to the liquid drain pipe, while water supply lines are installed at the top of each section of the metering tank, providing fluid supply to the metering tank section from the water supply pump.

Above three-plunger pumps, an operator’s platform is located, equipped with a control panel that provides power to automation devices, lighting devices and elements of a control and visualization system, starts and stops power units and controls all stages of cementing operations in manual, semi-automatic and automatic modes.

In the rear part of the car chassis above the water supply and recirculation pumps, a cement slurry preparation unit and an averaging unit are installed.

The block for the preparation of cement slurries includes a mixing tank with a volume of 1.3 m ³ , on top of which a mixer for continuous solution preparation and a mixer are installed.

The averaging unit includes a large volume averaging tank (2 m ³ ) providing a buffer volume of the solution, which is equipped with a stirrer in the upper part. In the bottom part, the averaging tank is equipped with a pipe for removing the finished cement mortar.

The mixing tank included in the block for the preparation of grouting mortars is made at the same time as the averaging tank included in the averaging block by performing one common wall between them, which has a height less than the height of the other walls of the tanks, which allows overflowing of the upper part of the prepared in the mixing the capacity of the solution having the most liquid consistency of a sufficient degree of averaging directly into the averaging tank. From the side of the bottom of the tanks, the wall is equipped with a shutter that opens by the time the emptying tank is emptied to allow the remainder of the solution to flow from the mixing tank at the final stage of the cement mortar injection cycle into an oil or gas well.

Performing at the same time mixing and averaging tanks allows to reduce the area of their placement.

The design of the mixer includes a dry cement supply unit, a regulated water supply collector unit, and a recirculation unit. The dry cement supply unit and the collector for water supply are interconnected by a detachable connection, for example, are connected by a tightening threaded sleeve and a hinge that make it possible to arrange the axis of the dry cement supply unit parallel to the collector axis, which makes it possible to reduce the height of the unit during transportation (mixer transport position ) and allows washing the mixer after operation.

The connection between the units of the mobile unit is carried out by means of a piping system including a liquid supply manifold connecting the discharge pipe of the water supply pump and pipes forming the water supply lines of the measuring tank, low pressure manifold connecting the averaging tank and the measuring tank with three-plunger, water supply and recirculation pumps, high pressure manifold providing injection of cement mortar and process fluids into the well. These pipelines are placed on the frame of the automobile chassis and tie the blocks included in the installation.

New in relation to the closest analogue in the claimed invention are the following features:

- the use of diesel engines as power plants located on the frame of the automobile chassis, which are connected to three-plunger pumps with the help of cardan shafts,

- installation of three-plunger pumps on the frame of the automobile chassis across the frame,

- placement in the rear of the frame of the automobile chassis of a water supply pump and a recirculation pump having hydraulic actuators powered from the hydraulic system of a mobile unit, the pressure of the working fluid in which is created by the hydraulic system pump,

- placement above the water supply and recirculation pumps of the mixing tank included in the block for the preparation of cement slurries and the averaging tank included in the averaging block,

- equipment of the mixing tank in its upper part with a mixer and stirrer,

- the implementation of the mixing tank of the preparation unit of grouting solutions at the same time with the averaging capacity of the averaging unit due to the execution of one common wall between them, which is equipped with a shutter on the bottom side and has a height less than the height of other container walls

- performing in the bottom of the mixing tank communication with the recirculation pipe, which is connected through a recirculation pump to a recirculation unit in the mixer,

- the implementation in the bottom of the averaging capacity of the connection with the pipe outlet of the finished cement mortar,

- location of the operator’s platform with the control unit located on it above the three-plunger pumps,

- placement of measuring tanks above the driveshafts.

The indicated set of features makes it possible to ensure the placement of technological equipment allowing the cementing of wells with highly averaged solutions and to provide a buffer volume of the prepared solution in the dimensions established by European and Russian requirements for automobile transporting bulky and heavy loads.

A similar set of features to achieve the task has not been identified in the current level of technology, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the patentability condition "inventive step".

The possibility of carrying out the invention is confirmed by the specific example illustrated by the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells.

Figure 2 shows a top view of a mobile installation in the form as it is shown in figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a top view, and figure 4 is a side view of the mixing and averaging tanks.

5 shows a mixer.

Figure 6 presents a fragmentary side view, and figure 7 is a top view of the site, including the high pressure manifold, three-plunger pumps, mixing and averaging tanks.

A mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells is mounted on the basis of an automobile chassis 1, having diesel power plants 2 and 3, located in front of the automobile chassis 1, which are connected to three-plunger pumps 4 and 5 using cardan shafts (not shown), mounted on frame 6.

Behind the diesel power plants 2 and 3 above the cardan shafts, there is a unit for receiving and distributing process liquids, which contains a measuring tank 7, consisting of two sections equipped with drain holes in the bottom part, which are equipped in the upper part with two water supply lines 8 connected to the water supply pump (not shown).

In the rear part of the automobile chassis 1 there are combined a block for the preparation of grouting mortars and an averaging block, which include at the same time mixing 9 and averaging 10 large containers having a common wall 11, the height of which is less than the height of other walls of the mixing 9 and averaging 10 tanks, and from the side the bottom of the tanks is equipped with a shutter 12 (Fig.3 and 4).

The mixing tank 9 is equipped in the upper part with a vertically mounted mixer 13 and a mixer 14 with a working shaft 15, on which the blade nozzle 16 is placed. In the bottom part the mixing tank 9 has an opening through which it is connected to the recirculation pipe 17 connected through a recirculation pump 18 s mixer recirculation unit 13.

The mixer 13 (FIG. 5) includes a dry cement feed unit arranged in series along a vertical axis and including a rotary shutter 19, a flywheel 20 and a rotary hydraulic motor 21 (the connection of the mixer 13 to the cement air supply line from an external cement accumulator is not shown); an adjustable water supply to the manifold, including a pipe 22 and a valve disk 23, a handle 24 and a rotary hydraulic motor 25, a recirculation unit, including pipes 26 and recirculation lines 27. A divider 28 and a rubber skirt 29 are installed below.

The averaging tank 10 in the upper part is equipped with a hydromechanical mixer 30 with a working shaft 31, on which the blade nozzle 32 is placed, while the working shaft 31 in the middle part is equipped with additional blades 33. In the bottom part, the averaging tank 10 is equipped with a pipe for the outlet of the finished cement mortar (not shown )

A water supply pump (not shown) and a recirculation pump 18 are installed under the mixing 9 and averaging 10 tanks and have hydraulic drives powered from the installation's hydraulic system.

The control unit includes a platform operator 34, equipped with a monitoring and control system 35.

To ensure the functioning of the units, the mobile unit is equipped with a piping system including a high pressure manifold, a low pressure manifold, a water supply manifold and an external fluid supply manifold.

The high pressure manifold (6 and 7) includes suction pipes 36 of plunger pumps 4 and 5, connected by taps through the valves rotary 37 with the bottom valves 38 of the measuring tank 7. The discharge from the three-plunger pumps 4 and 5 is discharged into the measuring tank 7 or an extraneous tank ( not shown). Safety valves 39 and plug valves 40 are installed on the discharge lines.

The discharge lines of the three-plunger pumps 4 and 5 are led to the side of the towing device of the automobile chassis 1. On the discharge lines, plug valves 41, pressure sensors 42, valve boxes 43 are installed.

The design of the mixer 13 provides for its washing after operation, as well as its transfer to the transport position, for which the dry cement supply unit and the collector for water supply are interconnected by means of a quick connector 44.

The low pressure manifold connects the averaging tank 10 and the measuring tank 7 with three-plunger pumps 4 and 5, recirculation 18 and water supply pumps. The low-pressure manifold is not illustrated with graphic materials because its design is simple enough.

The low pressure manifold includes a central pipeline with a cross and bends, while the cross through the valves is connected to the suction manifolds of the three-plunger pumps 4 and 5 and has nozzles with valves for connecting external sources of process fluids; a pipeline connecting the crosspiece of the Central pipeline with two compartments of the measuring tank 7 through a tee and closures; a pipeline connecting the crosspiece of the Central pipeline with averaging capacity 10 through the valves; a pipeline with gates for supplying water from external sources to the suction pipe of the water supply pump, a pipeline with gates connecting the mixing tank 9 to the suction pipe of the recirculation pump 18, having a suction pipe with a shutter for supplying process fluids from external sources, a pipeline with gates connecting the discharge pipe recirculation pump 18 with mixer 13 and through a tee - with a pipeline leading from averaging tank 10 to the crosspiece of the central pipeline d For the case when the water supply pump performs retaining functions when cement is injected into the well, as well as a pipeline connecting the suction pipes of the water supply pump and recirculation pump 18 through the gates to the compartments of the volumetric tank 7 through the tee and valves.

The water supply manifold is not illustrated with graphic materials. It connects the discharge pipe of the water supply pump through a tee, filter and shutter with two water supply lines 8 of the metering tank 7 and is made with valves and high-pressure plug valve. There is also a manifold for external fluid supply, which is also not illustrated with graphic materials due to a trivial solution.

The operation of the mobile installation is as follows.

To prepare the cement mortar, dry cement from the pneumatic supply line is sent through a pipeline through a rotary valve 19 to a mixer 13, the supply volume is regulated either manually by the flywheel 20, or automatically by means of a rotary hydraulic motor 21.

Water from the water supply pump enters the nozzle 22 of the mixer 13. The valve disk 23 is used to adjust the water supply. The water flow is manually controlled by the handle 24 or by means of a rotary hydraulic motor 25. In the collector of the mixer 13, cement and water form a water-cement mixture, to which additionally through the nozzles 26 on recirculation lines 27 from the recirculation pump 18 is supplied to the recirculation solution from the mixing tank 9.

From spraying cement and spraying the solution during operation of the mixer 13 protects the rubber skirt 29.

Next, the prepared mixture is broken on a divider 28 and enters the mixing tank 9.

In the mixing tank 9, the cement slurry is mixed with a hydromechanical stirrer 14, on the working shaft 15 of which a blade nozzle 16 is placed.

An inhomogeneous heavier solution is lowered into the bottom of the mixing tank 9, from where it is directed through the recirculation pipe 17 through recirculation lines 27 to the mixer manifold 13, and a homogeneous lighter solution is poured through the common wall 11 and fills the homogenization tank 10, where it continues to be mixed by the mixer 30 throughout the height of the averaging tank 10 due to the location of the blades 33 in the middle part of the working shaft 31.

From the averaging tank 10, a homogeneous cement mortar is routed through the outlet pipe of the finished cement mortar to the hydraulic parts of the three-plunger pumps 4 and 5, with which it is pumped into an oil or gas well.

Before the completion of the oil or gas well injection process, the supply of dry cement and water to the mixer 13 is turned off, while the recirculation system continues to operate. By the time of emptying the averaging tank 10, the shutter 12 opens in the common wall 11 and the solution flows from the mixing tank 9 into the averaging tank 10, from where it is pumped into the well at the final stage of the cycle of pumping cement into an oil or gas well.

In addition to the specific embodiment described above, other, slightly different embodiments of the mobile unit, its individual parts and assemblies, corresponding to the claims set forth in the claims, are possible.

Description of the specific implementation of a mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells allows us to prove compliance of the claimed invention with the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".

Claims (3)

1. A mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells, consisting of units located on one mobile base, including a pump unit containing power units connected to three-plunger pumps, a unit for receiving and distributing process liquids, containing measuring tanks equipped with water supply lines, a preparation unit cement slurries, containing a water supply pump, also connected to the water supply lines of the measuring tanks, averaging unit containing an averaging tank equipped with with a stirrer, a recirculation unit, including a recirculation pump, as well as a control unit, including an operator’s platform, equipped with a monitoring and control system, tied up by pipelines that are equipped with shut-off valves, characterized in that diesel plants are used as power plants, which are placed on the frame the automobile chassis of the driveshafts are connected to three-plunger pumps placed across the frame across the frame, while the feed and recirculation pumps are also located on the frame, and sweeping hydraulic actuators powered from the hydraulic system of the mobile unit, and pipelines, and above the units located on the frame, a unit for receiving and distributing process liquids, a control unit, an averaging tank equipped with a stirrer, and a mixing tank equipped with a mixer located in its upper part, including a dry cement supply unit, a collector unit for a controlled supply of liquids and a recirculation unit, and a mixer, while the mixing tank is made in one piece with averaging capacity due to the implementation of a common wall between them, which is equipped with a shutter on the bottom of the containers and has a height less than the height of other container walls, the mixing tank is connected to a recirculation pipe, which is connected through a recirculation pump to the recirculation unit in the mixer, and the averaging tank is made with the outlet pipe of the finished cement mortar. 2. The mobile unit for cementing oil or gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that the averaging and mixing tanks made at the same time are located above the water supply and recirculation pumps, the control unit is located above the three-plunger pumps, and the process fluid receiving unit is located above the driveshafts. 3. The mobile installation for cementing oil or gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixer is made with a detachable connection between the feed unit of dry cement and the collector, for example, with a detachable connection in the form of a tightening threaded sleeve and a hinge.

Images