RU2360352C1 - Electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motors and pumps; electric engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric engineering, particularly to electric machines and may be used for converting electric energy. The electric machine construction as disclosed by the invention includes stator magnet core to create magnetic field directing magnetic flows into coils (squirrel wheels) of both rotors. One type of energy is converted into another while both rotors of electric machine rotate. One rotor is installed inside stator generating magnetic field and interacts with its inner part. The other rotor covers the outer part of stator and interacts with it.

EFFECT: improved effectiveness of electric machines such as electric motors-current generators by doubled use of magnetic field flow generated by the same stator coil interacting with both rotors (Φc, Φr).

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to convert electrical energy.

The closest in technical essence are electric machines such as electric motors, current generators, consisting of a device for creating a magnetic field and a device for converting one type of energy into another, for example an asynchronous motor (Piotrovsky L.M. Electric machines. Gosenergoizdat, 1958, p. .282 section 23-1, p.372 section 31-1) containing a stator (device for creating a magnetic field) and a rotor (device for converting one type of energy into another).

The reason that impedes the obtaining of the technical result indicated below when operating electric machines manufactured by the industry is the use of only one magnetic field flux generated by the stator winding in the operation of the electric machine. On figa shows the movement of magnetic fluxes of a magnetic field generated by the stator winding of an induction motor (Piotrovsky L.M. Electric machines, p. 373, Fig.31-1). On figa it is seen that only the so-called main flow Fo passes through the air gap into the existing rotor, induces an EMF in its winding, as a result of which the stator and the rotor of the electric machines interact. But another part of the magnetic field, the so-called Fr scattering flux, is not involved in the induction of the emf.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is to use both fluxes (Fo, Fr) of the magnetic field created by the same winding and, as a result, increase the efficiency of electric machines (electric motors, current generators). Figure 2 shows a diagram of the movement of magnetic fluxes of a magnetic field created by the same winding in a reconstructed stator.

The specified technical result is achieved by changing the design of the stator magnetic circuit and installing an external rotor. Moreover, the device for creating a magnetic field is a hollow cylinder with flanges at the ends, made of non-magnetic material, in grooves radially through, on the outside of the hollow cylinder, cores made of magnetic material that serve as a stator magnetic circuit are fixed ring-shaped with a certain step, The winding is placed in the space between the cores; preventing the winding from falling out is provided by clamping strips made of non-magnetic material that are attached to end flanges; a device for converting one type of energy into another consists of two rotors; moreover, one of the rotors is installed inside the device for creating a magnetic field and interacts with its internal part, the other rotor covers the outer part of the device for creating a magnetic field and interacts with it. In this case, the stator magnetic circuit consists of individual cores 6, mounted on the outer side of the housing 10, into the space between which the winding 4 is placed (see figure 3).

Reconstruction of the stator magnetic circuit is necessary to direct the passage of the scattering flux Fr. through the air gap into the winding of the outer rotor.

The housing 10 of the modified stator is a hollow cylinder with flanges at the ends, made of non-magnetic material. In the through grooves in the radial direction, on the outside of the hollow cylinder, the cores 6 of the magnetic circuit are ring-shaped, with a certain step. The side of the fixed core of the magnetic circuit must completely pass through the wall of the hollow cylinder to ensure the passage of magnetic flux into the winding of the internal rotor. The stator housing 10 can be made by casting together with the cores 6 of the magnetic circuit.

Types of stator windings can be any used in manufactured electrical machines.

The stator of the reconstructed electric machine is a separate unit and when assembled, it is a block consisting of a housing 10, cores 6, winding 4, clamping bars 8, used to prevent the winding 4 from falling out and to fix the cores 6 from the outside of the stator block. The loss of the winding 4 from the inside of the stator block is prevented by the wall of the stator housing, in which the cores 6 are fixed (see Figs. 3, 4). A channel has been made in the stator housing 10, through which the leads 9 of the winding are passed. The stator housing 10 and the mounting plates 8 are made of non-magnetic materials and are not affected by the direction of passage of magnetic fluxes. The proposed design of the stator ensures the passage of electromagnetic fluxes of the electromagnetic field created by the same winding into the inner and outer rotors.

Figure 1 shows an electric machine - an asynchronous motor with double use of magnetic flux, where it is indicated: shaft 1, flange 2, inner rotor 3, stator winding 4, outer rotor 5, stator cores 6, body of an electric machine 7, clamping bars 8 , a channel for outputting the ends of the connection of the winding 9, the stator housing 10, the impeller of the fan 11, the protective casing of the fan 12.

The operation of the electric machine is as follows.

To the three-phase winding 4 through input 9, a three-phase current is supplied. This leads to the appearance of an electromagnetic field rotating at a speed of "n".

On the shaft 1, in this case, the rotor 3 and rotor 5 are rigidly fixed. The rotor 3 is placed in the inner part of the stator block, and the rotor 5 covers the outer part of the stator block.

Figure 2 schematically shows the passage of magnetic fluxes into the windings (squirrel cage) of the rotors 3 and 5. Since the clamping strips 8 and the stator housing 10 are made of non-magnetic material, they do not affect the direction of passage of the magnetic fluxes.

As a result of the rotation of the electromagnetic field of the stator, electromagnetic interaction between the stator and the rotors will occur. Since both rotors interact with the same rotating electromagnetic field created by the same winding, they will also rotate in the direction of rotation of the stator electromagnetic field (L. Piotrovsky Electric machines, §30-2, p.365) .

When the electric machine is operating in the current generator mode, the effect of double use of the magnetic flux of the magnetic field of the field windings will also take place.

Claims (1)

An electric machine consisting of a device for creating a magnetic field and a device for converting one type of energy into another, characterized in that the device for creating a magnetic field is a separate unit consisting of a hollow cylinder with flanges at the ends, made of non-magnetic material, in through in the radial direction of the grooves of which, on the outside, annularly, with a certain step, cores are fixed, made of magnetic material, serving as a magnetic circuit, into the space between windings are laid between the cores; the winding is prevented from falling out by clamping strips made of non-magnetic material that are attached to the end flanges; a device for converting one type of energy into another consists of two rotors; moreover, one of the rotors is installed inside the device for creating a magnetic field and interacts with its internal part, the other rotor covers the outer part of the device for creating a magnetic field and interacts with it.

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