RU2359759C1 - Magneto-gravitatinal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to concentrating of minerals and can be implemented for separation of mineral particles, particularly different in dimensions, density and specific magnetisability. The magneto-gravitational separator consists of a non-magnetic cylinder-conic case located in internal region of electro-magnetic circuit connected with a current source, and of branches for feed and water supply and for discharge of separation products. The electro-magnetic circuit consists of three independent parts: an upper one with height L₁, of a middle one with height L₂, located along the cylinder part of the case with ratio L₂/L₁=2 and of a lower part with height L₃, located along the conic part of the case. The upper part of the electro-magnetic circuit is designed for generating rotating magnetic field; the middle part is designed for generating directed running field; while the lower part is designed for generating pulsating running magnetic field. In the conic part of the case there is installed a branch for water supply; depth h of branch immersion into water is accepted equal to 0.5 L_1, while internal diametre D₂ of the branch for feed supply is calculated from formula: D₂=D₁/4, where D₁ is internal diametre of the cylinder part of the case, m.

EFFECT: upgraded efficiency of particle separation.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing and can be used to separate mineral particles, especially those differing in size, density and specific magnetic susceptibility.

Known magnetohydrodynamic separator (application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 99101232/03, class B03C 1/30, publ. 10.27.2000). The device includes a housing, a cylindrical system, on the surface of which there are permanent magnets on a helix, mounted for rotation inside a magneto-inert tube, on the outer surface of which a guide is made to move the magnetic fraction of the mixture to the unloading unit, the nozzle for supplying the shared mixture and the removal of the non-magnetic fraction, according to According to the invention, the separator is equipped with a pulsation chamber installed in the housing with a pulse supply pipe, the magnetic system is installed with a slope of the relative but the case, and the magnetic unloading unit is made in the form of a truncated cone with ribs located along the generatrix of the cone from the side of the discharge opening. The disadvantages of the device are the design complexity, high wear of moving parts and the inability to use the differences in density and particle size to separate them.

Known cyclone electromagnetic separator (RF patent No. 2116137, class B03C 1/24, publ. 07.27.1998). The device comprises a housing with loading and unloading nozzles, an external traveling magnetic field system, an internal corrugated surface, a spiral flow guide and a locking cup. The disadvantages of the device are the design complexity and possible clogging of the working spaces in the apparatus due to the formation of magnetic flocculi in the apparatus (when separated in a liquid medium).

Known cyclone electromagnetic separator (application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 200111532/03, class E03C 1/24, publ. 06/10/2003). The device includes a cylindrical-conical body, the inner surface of which is corrugated, an electromagnetic system of a traveling magnetic field with magnetic circuits located on the outside, loading and unloading nozzles with a spiral medium guide, a locking cup, characterized in that the separator is additionally equipped with a honeycomb core installed between the inner surface housing and spiral guide. The disadvantages of this device are the low efficiency of the separation of materials, especially if the particles to be separated have a slight difference in the specific magnetic susceptibility, as well as the possible clogging of the working spaces in the apparatus due to the formation of magnetic flocculi in the apparatus.

Known electromagnetic separator adopted for the prototype (application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2005135057/03, class B03C 1/00, publ. 06/10/2007). The separator comprises a raw material supply device, a raw material separator, according to the invention, the raw material separator consists of a non-magnetic vertical cylindrical product line located in the inner region of at least two in series stators of asynchronous electric motors (electromagnetic circuit) connected in parallel to an AC source and to the output of the product line coaxially at least two pipelines of different diameters are connected. The disadvantage of this device is the lack of efficiency in the separation of particles, especially with their close specific magnetic susceptibility, density and particle size.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of particles that differ in size, density and specific magnetic susceptibility.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a magnetogravity separator including a non-magnetic cylindrical housing located in the inner region of the electromagnetic circuit connected to the current source, pipes for supplying power and water, removal of separation products, according to the invention, the electromagnetic circuit consists of three independent parts: the upper, height L ₁ , medium, height L ₂ located along the cylindrical part of the housing with a ratio of L ₂ / L ₁ = 2, and lower, height L ₃ located along the conical part case, the upper part of the electromagnetic circuit is designed to create a rotating magnetic field, the middle part is designed to create a directional traveling magnetic field, and the lower part is designed to create a pulsating traveling magnetic field, and in the conical part of the body there is a pipe for supplying water, the depth h of immersion of the pipe for power supply is taken equal to 0.5 L ₁ , and the inner diameter D _{2 of the} nozzle for power supply is determined from the formula:

D ₂ = D _1/4,

where D ₁ - the inner diameter of the cylindrical part of the body, m

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that it is equipped with an ultrasonic disperser installed in the upper part of the cylinder-conical housing.

The use of the proposed device in comparison with the prototype allows to increase the efficiency of separation of particles, especially those differing in size, density and specific magnetic susceptibility.

Magnetogravity separator is illustrated by drawings, in Fig.1 shows a vertical section of the device, in Fig.2 shows a section aa, where:

1 - pipe to enter the source of power;

2 - cylinder-conical body of non-magnetic material;

3 - the upper part of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₁ , designed to create a rotating magnetic field;

4 - the middle part of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₂ , designed to create a directional traveling magnetic field;

5 - the lower part of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₃ , designed to create a pulsating rotating magnetic field;

6 - pipe for removal of separation products - magnetic or larger and heavier fraction;

7 - pipe for removal of separation products - non-magnetic or non-magnetic and less dense and coarse fraction;

8 - pipe for supplying water;

L ₁ - the height of the upper part of the electromagnetic circuit;

L ₂ - the height of the middle part of the electromagnetic circuit;

L ₃ - the height of the lower part of the electromagnetic circuit;

h - immersion depth of the pipe 1 for power supply.

The device consists of a cylinder-conical housing 2, mounted motionless and located in the inner region of the electromagnetic circuit. The electromagnetic circuit consists of three parts: the upper 3, height L ₁ , middle 4, height L ₂ located along the cylindrical part of the body with a ratio of L ₂ / L ₁ = 2, and the bottom 5, height L ₃ located along the conical part of the body. The upper part 3 of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₁ , creates a rotating magnetic field. The middle part 4 of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₂ creates a directional traveling magnetic field. The lower part 5 of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₃ creates a pulsating magnetic field. In the upper part of the cylinder-conical housing 2, a pipe 1 is introduced for introducing the initial power to a depth of h. In the lower part of the housing 2 is installed a pipe 6 for the removal of separation products of magnetic or magnetic, heavy and large fractions. A pipe 7 is installed in the upper part of the housing for the removal of separation products of a non-magnetic or non-magnetic and less dense and coarse fraction. In the conical part of the housing 2 there is a pipe 8 for supplying water.

The invention relates to magnetogravitational devices for the enrichment of mineral raw materials. The main principles of separation in these separators is the difference in the specific magnetic susceptibility, density and coarseness of the mineral grains that make up the raw material. The proposed device is designed to work with materials in which larger and / or denser particles have magnetic properties. The source material to be enriched in the proposed device falls into the zone of action of the upper part 3 of the electromagnetic circuit, which creates a rotating magnetic field of height L ₁ , while the magnetic particles contained in it accelerate their downward movement with the formation of magnetic floccules into which non-magnetic particles are also captured (i.e. e. a "pseudo-shoot" is formed). Light, small and non-magnetic particles due to the presence of an upward flow are removed from the apparatus through the pipe 7, which is installed tangentially with respect to the cylindrical body 2 and with the possibility of its movement towards the axis of the apparatus. This allows you to more accurately control the discharge of the drain. In the next zone — the middle part 4 of the electromagnetic circuit with a height L ₂ — the zone of the traveling downward magnetic field, an additional magnetic force directed downward acts on the particles. In this case, firstly, magnetic particles move down faster, which increases the separation rate, and secondly, a magnetic medium is formed in which forces like Archimedean type act on the particles, i.e. a semblance of a heavy-medium separator is formed and, accordingly, separation also occurs in density, i.e. magnetic and dense particles move down, and light, non-magnetic and small particles move up (due to the action of the upward flow of water supplied through the pipe 8 for water supply). In the third zone - the lower part 5 of the electromagnetic circuit with a height of L ₃ - a pulsating magnetic field acts on the particles. In this case, the same thing happens with particles as in the “middle” zone, but due to pulsations of the magnetic field, the magnetic flocculi are destroyed and the “non-magnetic” particles stuck in them are released and washed out into the upper zone of the apparatus. The speed of the upward flow is selected in such a way that small and less dense particles are effectively carried out to the upper part of the apparatus and unloaded through the drain pipe 7.

The device operates as follows. Through the pipe 1 for inputting the initial power supply, the source material for enrichment is supplied to a cylinder-conical body 2 made of non-magnetic material (for example, polyurethane to exclude undesirable interaction of the body 2 with parts of the electromagnetic circuit). Getting into the coverage area of the upper part 3 of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₁ , creating a rotating magnetic field, mineral particles rush down due to the action of magnetic and gravity forces on them. From part 3, the particles move under the action of gravity to the middle part 4 of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₂ , creating a directional traveling magnetic field. Under the influence of the magnetic forces of the traveling field, the magnetic mineral particles rush down to the nozzle 6 with a higher intensity to discharge the separation products - magnetic or magnetic and heavy fractions, while there is also gravitational separation In the lower part 5 of the electromagnetic circuit, height L ₃ creating a pulsating magnetic field, the floccules formed in parts 3 and 4 are destroyed. Non-magnetic or non-magnetic and less dense and large particles are discharged through the pipe 7 to divert the separation products - non-magnetic or non-magnetic and less dense (large) fraction. For the possibility of variation, upon receipt of a magnetic or magnetic and heavy product in the conical part of the separator, a water supply pipe 8 is installed, also made of non-magnetic material. Thus, the combination of the effect on the enriched product of various magnetic fields and the upward flow of water allows you to get a wide range of marketable product at the output. The ratio of the height L ₂ to the height L _{1 is} taken equal to two to ensure the most efficient formation of floccules and gravitational separation. The depth h of immersion of the pipe 1 for supplying the initial power supply is taken to be 0.5 L ₁ , m, to ensure the greatest coverage of the enriched product by the action of a magnetic field from the upper part 3 of the electromagnetic circuit. The inner diameter D _{2 of the} pipe for supplying power is determined from the formula:

D ₂ = D _1/4,

where D ₁ is the inner diameter of the cylindrical part of the housing, m, to ensure a certain flow regime of the enriched product in the housing 2, provided that a sufficiently high productivity of the proposed device. If necessary, more intensive separation of adhered mineral particles is installed ultrasonic disperser in the upper part of the cylinder-conical body 2.

The effectiveness of the proposed device was tested on a laboratory model of the following sizes: D ₁ = 60 mm, D ₂ = 15 mm, L ₁ = 50 mm, L ₂ = 100 mm, L ₃ = 80 mm. On this model, in the upper part 3 of the device, a magnetic field was created using a stator of an electric motor, in the middle part 4 - using a linear inductor and in the lower 5 - using a linear inductor equipped with a special electronic chopper. The experiments were conducted on iron ore. This ore contains brightly colored hydroxides suitable for use as iron oxide pigments, and as a harmful admixture of dark-colored minerals. The main task to be solved was the removal of these dark-colored minerals. As shown by the data of mineralogical analysis, these dark-colored minerals (mainly martite, magnetite, hematite) were characterized by a larger size, density and magnetic susceptibility than the “pigmented” minerals. Therefore, in the experimental setup, the separation of the above ore components was very effective. So, such an important indicator as the pigment hiding power decreased to 11-12 g / m ² on the inventive device, against 15-17 g / m ² on a hydraulic classifier (at close outputs of the pigment part). Using an ultrasonic dispersant, the spreading power was obtained even slightly less than 10-10.5 g / m ² , while a slight increase (by 2.5-3%) in the yield of the pigment product was observed.

The use of this device provides the following advantages:

- increase the efficiency of separation of materials;

- simplification of the design.

Claims (2)

1. Magnetogravity separator, including a non-magnetic cylindrical housing located in the inner region of the electromagnetic circuit connected to the current source, pipes for supplying power and water, removal of separation products, characterized in that the electromagnetic circuit consists of three independent parts: upper, height L ₁ , the average height L ₂ disposed along the cylindrical part of the housing with the ratio L ₂ / L ₁ = 2 and L ₃ lower height, situated along the conical portion of the housing, the upper portion of the electromagnetic This circuit is designed to create a rotating magnetic field, the middle part is designed to create a directional running magnetic field, and the lower part is designed to create a pulsating traveling magnetic field, and a pipe for supplying water is installed in the conical part of the housing, the depth h of immersion of the pipe for supplying power is taken equal to 0.5 L ₁ , and the inner diameter D _{2 of the} nozzle for supplying power is determined from the formula:
D ₂ = D _1/4,
where D ₁ - the inner diameter of the cylindrical part of the body, m 2. The magnetogravitational separator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an ultrasonic disperser installed in the upper part of the cylinder-conical housing.

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