RU2357176C2 - Pneumatic submarine gun - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns sports gear for submarine hunting. Gun includes barrel with nose plug and sealing, harpoon with diametre less than barrel diametre, handle, trigger and three-diametre plug communicating with sealing and harpoon. Lesser plug diametre communicates with groove in rear harpoon part, medium diametre is equal to harpoon diametre, and maximum diametre exceeds harpoon diametre but is less than barrel diametre. By shooting, harpoon interacts with plug so as friction force between harpoon and plug part of smallest diametre exceeds inertia force affecting plug, and plug part with medium diametre blocks sear travel in harpoon direction in discharged gun without harpoon.

EFFECT: enhanced accuracy, noiselessness and safety of shooting.

13 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to sports equipment, namely to guns, pistols for spearfishing.

State of the art

Known pneumatic gun for spearfishing (Russian patent No. 2148771), containing coaxially placed glasses with sides, with radial holes made in the wall of the muzzle sleeve.

Also known is a pneumatic gun for spearfishing (Russian patent No. 2168140). The air rifle has a housing with a working medium, a handle with a trigger, a spring-loaded rod connected to it, a muzzle with openings installed on one end of the housing and a nipple mounted on the other end of the housing having a two-stage outer surface.

Also known is a pneumatic underwater gun (Russian patent No. 2082933). The gun contains a barrel, a muzzle, a receiver, a piston and a handle with a trigger.

An underwater gun is also known (Russian patent No. 2086882). When loading the gun, the harpoon is inserted into the axial channel of the rod with simultaneous sealing of the shank. When fired, the working piston with the rod and harpoon moves forward, pushing the annular column of water, which is scattered through the drainage holes into the environment.

Also known is a pneumatic harpoon gun for sports underwater shooting (Russian patent No. 2071587). The gun contains a concentrically arranged pneumatic accumulator and a barrel, the volume of the pneumatic accumulator being at least ten times the volume of the barrel. The diameter of the harpoon is as close as possible to the internal diameter of the barrel, their difference is not more than 1-2 mm. The area of the barrel opening for ejection of intra-barrel water is at least twice the cross-sectional area of the barrel.

Also known is a pneumatic spear gun (New Zealand patent No. 334398) containing compressed air in the barrel connected to the receiver, the receiver volume being controlled by an annular piston.

Also known is a universal pneumatic valve gun for spearfishing (Russian patent No. 2154249), comprising a receiver with a handle, a trigger, a barrel mounted in the receiver, a pusher-piston, a muzzle, a combat regulator, a return spring and a fixing ball.

Also known is a pneumatic spear gun (patent of Russia No. 2239761), containing a barrel with a muzzle, a piston placed in the barrel with the possibility of longitudinal movement, a harpoon, a sear, installed with the possibility of interaction in the cocked position with its upper end with an annular groove on its front end, and cravings. The rod is pivotally attached at one end to the rear end of the trigger, and at the other end to the trigger.

An underwater pneumatic pistol is also known (Russian patent No. 2008609), containing a barrel filled with compressed gas, a step plug located in the barrel, a step of a smaller diameter capable of interacting with the seal and its end part, and another step of the plug made with a diameter smaller than the inner trunk diameter.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are:

- Low efficiency, for example in piston underwater guns there are energy losses for acceleration of the piston and water in the barrel;

- Throttling of the outgoing water in the bow, which leads to a decrease in efficiency;

- Noisiness when fired;

- Lack of reliability of the trigger mechanism;

- Low accuracy of the battle;

- The complexity and low technological design, for example in piston underwater guns, it is necessary to carefully process the inner surface of the barrel;

- Large mass and dimensions.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is the creation of a targeted, powerful, compact reliable airgun for spearfishing. The invention allows to simplify the design and improve the operational characteristics of the device (silent shots, high efficiency - up to 97%, high combat accuracy, operational reliability, increased security, reduced weight and dimensions, etc.), and also makes it possible to achieve high manufacturability.

Also an advantage of the claimed device is the high accuracy of the battle, due to the fact that the harpoon moves along the muzzle (guide) until it leaves the barrel. This allows you to shoot fish from a greater distance than with piston air rifles. The small size of the guns is a particular advantage during transportation and spearfishing in dense algae, and the high accuracy of the battle allows you to hit fish from a long distance.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of an underwater gun, Fig. 2 shows a top view of a gun and a spreader, and Figs. 3, 4 show the operation of an axleless sear.

Description

The gun contains a barrel 1 (Fig. 1) with a muzzle bushing 2 and a seal 3, a harpoon 4, a trigger mechanism consisting of a trigger 5, a spring 6, a rod 7 and an axleless sear 8. The gun also contains a step plug 9 interacting with the seal 3 and a harpoon 4, with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the barrel 1, the handle 10, the lodgement 11, the rear sleeve 12 with a charging valve 13 and a plug 14. The muzzle sleeve 2 is provided with a liner 15, a front sight 16 and a support 17. A protrusion is located on the muzzle sleeve 2 line spreader 18 (Figure 2). The plug 14 holds the spring 19 of the hook 20 of the spreader. The step plug contains three steps - 21, 22, and 23, the step of the smallest diameter 21 interacting with the groove on the harpoon 4, the middle step 22 has a diameter equal to the diameter of the harpoon 4, and the step of the largest diameter 23 is larger than the diameter of the harpoon, but less than the inner diameter of the barrel 1, while the frictional force between the harpoon 4 and the cork part with the smallest diameter 21 exceeds the inertia force acting on the cork during firing. A rubber rod 24 protruding beyond its dimensions can be mounted on a step plug 9 perpendicular to the plug axis. The barrel 1 is a pressure pneumatic accumulator — a source of shot energy and can be made of metal or non-metal material. The muzzle sleeve 2 and the rear sleeve 12 are connected by a thread on the barrel 1.

Embodiments of the invention

Unscrewing the plug 14 (Figure 1), pump (not shown) pump air into the receiver, formed by the barrel 1, muzzle 2 and the rear 12 bushings, to a pressure of 20-50 atmospheres. Insert the harpoon 4 into the muzzle bushing 2, while the plug 9, with its smaller diameter step, enters the groove of the rear of the harpoon 4. Overcoming the air resistance in the receiver, the harpoon 4 is introduced into the barrel 1 to the extreme rear position. In this case, the groove in the front of the harpoon is located opposite the sear 8. The trigger rod 7, moving in the support 17 under the action of the spring 6, squeezes the sear 8 up into the groove C of the harpoon 4 with its bevel A and passes forward by 0.5-1.5 mm . Harpoon 4 takes its starting position for a shot. A line (not shown) is wound around the protrusion 18 and the hook 20 (FIG. 2), starting from the hook 20.

To fire a shot, press the trigger 5, pulling the rod 7 back. The harpoon 4 with its bevel D in the groove C presses the sear 8 down and starts moving forward in the liner 15, overturning the hook 20 at the beginning of the movement to release the tench. Harpoon 4 silently and without friction loss moves into the liner 15 and leaves the gun (Figure 3). Operation when charging a harpoon turns into kinetic energy of a harpoon.

Unlike pneumatic guns with a piston, in which the rubber seal on the piston moves towards the water in the barrel and is lubricated with a water film with noticeable friction losses, in the proposed design, the seal is lubricated with oil film on the harpoon inside the barrel and at a high speed there is practically no friction in the ring 3 (aquaplaning effect). Moving together with the harpoon 4, the plug 9 in the forward position by a step of a larger diameter 23 rests on the o-ring 3 (Figure 4). Since the cork 9 is made of polymer weighing about 2 g and hits the rubber ring 3, there is no sound upon impact. The shot occurs silently and you can hear the harpoon falling into the fish or flying by. The fish is not afraid.

Until the moment the harpoon leaves the 4 guns, he moves absolutely precisely, providing high accuracy of the hit. In ordinary guns (Vinogradov V.I. Spearfishing in Russia. M., Ed. Ripol Classic, 2003, p. 62), the harpoon rests on the piston and the line sleeve, which is knocked out almost immediately with water at the beginning of the shot.

In the proposed design, the muzzle sleeve 2, plug 9 and the rear sleeve occupy a relatively small part of the length of the gun, and there are practically no losses on the working length. In conventional guns, only 40-50% of the work when charging is converted into shot energy. Therefore, with the same energy of the shot, the gun turns out to be half as long as usual. A shorter harpoon of smaller mass provides a high sharpness of battle (with a “sluggish" dispersal of a harpoon over a long length of a gun, fish often manage to get away from the harpoon).

In the proposed design, the tench is attached to the harpoon in front. This does not affect the accuracy of the battle at a distance of 3 m.

The acceleration on the harpoon during firing reaches 100 g and the inertia force 200 g, which detaches it from the harpoon, acts on the cork weighing 2 g. For reliable operation of the gun, the friction force of the cork relative to the harpoon should lie in the range from 0.5 to 1 kg. This force is provided either by landing the cork, or by a rubber rod installed in the cork in the step of the smallest diameter perpendicular to its axis, and slightly protruding beyond it. The only wearing part is ring 3, which improves the performance of the gun.

In the presented design of the gun, the muzzle and rear bushings are screwed with the barrel, so the barrel wall thickness should be at least 1.5-2 mm. It is possible to connect the muzzle and rear bushings with the help of an inner tube, along which a tube (not shown) moves with sliding. The connection of both bushings can also be carried out using long studs. Trigger 5 can be made to swing.

Industrial applicability

When analyzing the invention for compliance with the criterion of "novelty", it was revealed that part of the features of the claimed combination is new, therefore, the invention meets the criterion of "novelty".

When analyzing the invention for compliance with the criterion of "inventive step", it was revealed that the technical solution of the analyzed object is new, therefore, the features meet the criterion of "inventive step", since it represents a new set of features, as a combination of known features and a new technical property, and also represents new structure and communication elements. In addition, through the proposed device, a result is achieved that meets long-standing needs.

The invention can be used in industry, can be replicated and, therefore, meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The advantages of the proposed technical solution are to create optimal operating conditions that best suit the working conditions of underwater rifles.

Thus, the proposed design has the following technical result. With a sharp decrease in design complexity and an increase in manufacturability, a powerful target small-sized, silent, underwater gun was obtained that surpasses well-known technical solutions for ease of use and transportation.

Claims (13)

1. Pneumatic underwater gun containing a barrel with a muzzle and seal, a harpoon whose diameter is smaller than the diameter of the barrel, a handle, a trigger mechanism containing a sear and a step plug made with the possibility of interaction with the seal and the harpoon, characterized in that the plug is made three-stage, and the step of the smallest diameter interacts with a groove made in the rear of the harpoon, the middle step is made with a diameter equal to the diameter of the harpoon, and the step of the largest diameter is made with with a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the harpoon, but smaller than the inner diameter of the barrel, and when fired, the harpoon interacts with the cork in such a way that the friction force between the harpoon and the part of the cork with the smallest diameter exceeds the inertia acting on the cork, and the cork step has an average diameter closes the whisper in the direction of the harpoon with a discharged gun without a harpoon 2. The shotgun according to claim 1, characterized in that, when fired, the friction force between the harpoon and part of the cork with the smallest diameter is 2-5 times greater than the inertia force acting on the cork. 3. Shotgun according to 1, characterized in that the sear mechanism is whispered without axle. 4. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that at the step of the smallest diameter of the tube perpendicular to the axis of the tube there is a rubber rod protruding beyond the smallest diameter of the stage and interacting with the groove on the harpoon. 5. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is located in the lodgement, which is located between the barrel and the handle. 6. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the harpoon is selected with the possibility of touching the harpoon with a cork when charging. 7. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that in the barrel there are additional harpoons. 8. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle is made with the possibility of occupying the front, neutral and rear locations relative to the center of the barrel. 9. The shotgun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a rear sleeve, and the muzzle and rear bushings are connected by thread on the barrel. 10. The shotgun according to claim 1, characterized in that the muzzle and the rear bushings are connected by an inner tube, while the step of the plug with a larger diameter is greater than or equal to the diameter of the inner tube, the inner tube being made with holes. 11. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the muzzle and rear bushings are connected by means of studs. 12. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork is made of durable polymer. 13. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the barrel is made in the form of an ellipse.

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