RU2357142C1 - Fast-acting electromagnet valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of machine building, in particular to electromagnet valves in systems of compressed gas supply and exhaust, and is intended for application in pneumatic accelerators of emergency protection systems. Fast-acting electromagnet valve comprises electromagnet with anchor, seat, locking element. Locking element is arranged in the form of plate with sealant. Locking element via stem is connected to anchor. In anchor there is indent for upper part of stem head. Element of stem alignment is fixed on anchor. In the latter there is indent provided for lower part of stem head, surface of which is arranged in the form of revolution body. Valve is equipped with washer. Washer is installed between stop element and ledge. Ledge is arranged on stem. Washer controls value of gap between locking element and seat of valve and between end surfaces of electromagnet and anchor. Force on sealant is selected based on certain condition. Elements of valve are combined into single structure installed on bracket and placed into receiver. Bracket has flange zone. Seat is arranged in the latter. Locking element is taken out the limits of receiver.

EFFECT: increased valve efficiency, reduction of friction forces, simplification of valve design.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to electromagnetic valves in compressed gas supply and discharge systems, for example, can be used in pneumatic accelerators of emergency protection systems.

Known RF patent No. 2063573 from 06/08/92, published July 10, 1996. The electromagnetic valve comprises a housing with a seat, with which a locking member interacts, consisting of internal and external parts, a seal and a nut and placed on the rod of the magnet armature. The spring provides an effort to press the locking member against the seat. When voltage is applied to the electromagnet, the armature retracts and raises the shut-off element, compressing the spring and opening the valve.

The disadvantage of this valve is the long response time necessary to overcome the force of the spring and the pressure of the working medium on the shut-off element, the inability to use the valve in systems requiring pressure relief when the valve is de-energized, the absence of a regulatory body to adjust to different working pressure, which reduces the operational properties, such as versatility and applicability.

Also known is US patent No. 6029682 dated 07.24.98, published 02.29.2000. The high-speed solenoid valve has a valve body including a channel with at least one seat in it, a reciprocating system containing a spool located in the channel so that it can move between the open position of the valve, in which the spool is located at a distance from the seat, and the closed position of the valve, in which the spool forces to engage with the seat. A solenoid is connected to the body, which, when energized, puts the valve in the closed position.

The valve performance is achieved due to the displacement of the armature by the force of the spring, which, when the voltage is turned off, causes the armature and the connecting element to move to the spool, as a result, an impact occurs on the end surface of the spool, as a result of which the spool quickly moves from the landing site.

A disadvantage of the known valve is that the displacement of the spool in the open position is due to the spring, which has inertia, which affects the speed of the valve. The need to seal the spool on a cylindrical surface leads to an increase in friction forces, which also reduces the valve opening speed. The gas outlet in the valve in question passes with high hydraulic resistance due to the presence of narrow passages and a change in the direction of gas flow.

The above-described high-speed solenoid valve is selected as the prototype for its intended purpose.

The objective of the invention is to develop a high-speed solenoid valve having low hydraulic resistance, with a response time of not more than 50 ms and simplifying the valve design by using only gas pressure forces to open the valve.

The technical result consists in increasing the speed of the valve by using the energy of compressed gas, reducing friction, eliminating intermediate elements that affect speed, simplifying the design of the valve, improving operational properties, such as versatility.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the inventive electromagnetic valve containing an electromagnet with an anchor, a seat and a locking element, the locking element is made in the form of a plate with a seal and through the rod is connected to the anchor, in which a recess is made under the upper part of the stem head, an element is fixed to the anchor centering the rod, in which a recess is made under the lower part of the rod head, the surface of which is made in the form of a body of revolution, the valve is equipped with a washer installed between the locking element and the ledge made on rod, regulating the gap between the locking element and the valve seat, and between the end faces of the electromagnet and the armature, and the force on the seal of the closure element, selected from the following conditions:

F _e- mag. _≥F compression _gas + F _{gas pressure} ,

where F _el.mag - the force developed by the electromagnet;

F _sz.upl - compression force of the sealant;

F _gas pressure is the pressure force of the compressed gas on the shut-off element,

while the valve elements are combined in a single structure, placed on the bracket having a flange zone in which the seat is made, and placed in the receiver, and the locking element is moved outside.

The valve may be equipped with at least one armature position sensor, for example a dry contact type sensor, indicating that the valve is ready for operation.

The electromagnet bracket and stem can be made of non-magnetic steel.

The implementation of the locking element in the form of a plate with a sealant and its placement outside the receiver allows only the energy of the compressed gas of the receiver to be used to open the valve, i.e. pressure forces, which increases the speed of the valve.

The connection of the rod with the anchor, in which a recess is made under the upper part of the rod head and the centering element of the rod is fixed, in which a recess is made under the lower part of the rod head, the surface of which is made in the form of a body of revolution, provides a snug fit, almost gapless, of the end surface of the armature to surface of an electromagnet, increases the force developed by an electromagnet.

A washer installed between the locking element and the ledge made on the rod provides the possibility of adjusting the redistribution of the electromagnet's force between the compression force of the sealant (increasing tightness) and the gas pressure on the locking element, which allows increasing the maximum possible pressure supplied to the valve at a given degree of tightness.

When F _el.mag > F _squelch + F _{pressure gas} , the valve is held in a reliable position. At F _el.mag ≤F _squelch + F _{pressure gas} there is a violation of the tightness of the valve, up to its full opening.

The implementation of the bracket and rod of non-magnetic steel eliminates the appearance of magnetic forces on the moving elements of the valve and increases the speed of its operation.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a high-speed solenoid valve, which shows the housing of the receiver 1, the bracket 2 with a seat 3, which interacts with a locking element consisting of a plate 4 with a seal, a washer 5, which regulates the gap, the rod 6 connected to the armature 7 through the centering element 10, the electromagnet 8 mounted on the bracket 2, the position sensor of the armature 9.

Figure 2 shows the centering element of the rod 10. R is the radius.

Figure 3 on an enlarged scale shows the washer 5 and the seal 11.

The valve operates as follows.

When applying voltage to the electromagnet 8, the anchor 7 is attracted to it. The rod 6, connected to the anchor using the centering element 10, pulls the shut-off element to the valve seat 3, while the gap between the shut-off element and the valve seat is set using the washer 5. The gap is set before installing the valve in the receiver 1, when all its elements mounted on the bracket 2. The position sensor of the armature 9 gives a signal to close the valve.

When voltage is removed from the electromagnet, the gas pressure in the receiver acting on the locking element breaks it off the seat and the valve opens.

The use of the invention allows to increase the speed of the valve by using the energy of compressed gas, reducing friction forces, eliminating intermediate elements that affect speed, and also to simplify the design of the valve.

An example of a specific implementation of this design can be an electromagnetic valve made of non-magnetic steel X18H10T with two dry contact anchor position sensors installed on it and placed in a 3-liter receiver made of St3 steel.

The advantage in using this valve is the ability to configure and adjust it outside the receiver, as well as the ability to place it in the housing of any suitable volume valve size, which emphasizes its versatility.

A mock-up was made and tests were carried out to confirm the valve's operability. The following results have been achieved:

at a pressure in the receiver of 10 atm, the response time was 23 ms;

at a pressure in the receiver of 14 atm, the response time was 12 ms, while

F _el.mag amounted to 300 kgf, F _squeeze. - 100 kgf, and F _{gas pressure} with a nominal valve passage of 32 mm was (14 atm × 8 cm ² ) 112 kgf.

Claims (3)

1. A high-speed solenoid valve containing an electromagnet with an anchor, a saddle, a locking element, characterized in that the locking element is made in the form of a plate with a seal, and through the rod is connected to the anchor, in which a recess is made under the upper part of the rod head, an element is fixed to the anchor centering the rod, in which a recess is made for the lower part of the rod head, the surface of which is made in the form of a body of revolution, the valve is equipped with a washer installed between the locking element and the ledge made on the rod, and the gap between the locking element and the valve seat, and between the end surfaces of the electromagnet and the armature, as well as the force on the sealant selected from the following condition:
F _email ≥F compression _pack + F _{gas pressure} ;
where F _e-mag. - the force developed by the electromagnet;
F _compression - compression force of the seal;
F _gas pressure is the pressure force of the compressed gas on the shut-off element, while the valve elements are combined into a single structure placed on an arm having a flange zone in which the seat is made and placed in the receiver, and the shut-off element is moved outside of it. 2. The high-speed solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve is equipped with at least one armature position sensor, for example a dry contact type sensor, indicating that the valve is ready for operation. 3. The high-speed solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket and stem are made of non-magnetic steel.

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