RU2356221C1 - Method for laying hens selection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: chicken selection according to egg laying is based on individual egg laying capacity and morphological analysis of eggs. 112-113 days old birds are placed in individual cages. At age of 180, 210 and 240 days eggs are selected for weighting and morphological analysis. Poultry productivity is analysed according to increase of yolk mass of the same bird: if yolk mass is increase in 1.2-1.4 times a bird is related to low productive one, and if yolk mass is less in 1.2 times - to high productive one.

EFFECT: accuracy enhancement for forecasting egg laying depending on rate of yolk mass increase with chicken age.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of poultry, namely to breeding hens of egg breeds.

Currently, various genetic indicators are used as a criterion for the selection of hens for egg productivity. It is known that intensive selection of egg hens to obtain maximum egg mass from them during the productive period occurs due to an increase in the egg production of the bird and an increase in the mass of laid eggs.

With the age of hens, with increasing egg mass, the absolute and relative yolk content increases. The yolk mass of chickens of the UK-4 line in 180 days is 13.3 ± 0.11 g, 213 days - 15.29 ± 0.14 g and in 320 days - 17.26 ± 0.11 g (V.I. Shcherbatov , L.I. Sidorenko, K.N. Bachinina, T.I. Pakhomova, M.N. Jolova / “Innovative solutions in egg poultry farming” ./ KubGAU-OAO PPZ Labinsky, September 5-7, 2007 - Krasnodar. - 423 p.).

In the scientific literature there is conflicting information about the relationship between the mass of the yolk and the egg production of chickens. So, for example, O. Roda et al. (1977) found a negative correlative relationship between the mass of yolk and the number of eggs per hen.

Analysis of the egg production of chickens and the mass of yolk in the eggs carried by them showed that there is no connection between these characters (r = 0.06). The egg production of chickens with a yolk mass in an egg of more than 18 g varied from 64 to 121 pcs. eggs for 40 days of life. The egg production of “small yolk” chickens (yolk weight 16-17.5 g at the age of 320 days) for the same period ranged from 77 to 123 pieces. eggs (V.I. Scherbatov, L.I. Sidorenko, K.N. Bachinina, T.I. Pakhomova, M.N. Jolova. / "Innovative solutions in egg poultry farming ./ KubGAU-OAO PPZ" Labinsky ", September 5-7, 2007 - Krasnodar. - 423 p.).

Also, as a result of studies, it was found that the relative mass of the yolk of eggs in hens of highly productive lines is on average at the level of 27%. Regardless of the breed and linear affiliation of chickens, the largest number of eggs with a relatively large yolk (to the mass of eggs) is found in small eggs (45%), and with a small yolk - in a large egg (44%). Regardless of the breed of chickens, by the 82nd week of life, the relative yolk size decreases by 2.0-2.7% (E.S. Toritsina. / “Innovative solutions in egg poultry farming.” / KubGAU-OAO PPZ Labinsky, 5-7 September 2007 - Krasnodar. - 423 p.).

The closest in technical essence is the method of selection of young egg hens for selection A. No. 1376998, 1988, where individual egg production and morphological analysis of eggs are carried out according to two indicators.

The disadvantage of this method is:

1. Lack of forecasting accuracy.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase the accuracy of prediction of poultry egg productivity depending on the rate of increase in yolk mass with the age of chickens.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the method of selecting chickens for egg productivity, including accounting for individual egg production and morphological analysis of eggs, according to the invention, a bird aged 112-113 days is placed in individual cages, at the age of 180, 210 and 240 days, the eggs are selected for weighing and by the rate of increase in yolk mass of one and the same bird, its productivity is judged, moreover, when the yolk mass is increased by 1.2-1.4 times, the bird is considered low productivity, and when the yolk mass is less than 1.2 times to highly productive.

The claimed technical solution has the following advantages:

1. The ability to select birds that have the best productive indicators.

2. The ability to predict potential agricultural productivity. birds.

3. Short-term duration of the assessment of poultry by productivity.

4. Forecasting and measurement of indicators can be carried out by one operator.

These differences allow us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

According to scientific, technical and patent information, the claimed combination of features has not been identified, which allows us to conclude about the inventive step of the claimed technical solution.

Industrial applicability of the method lies in the fact that it can be used in poultry breeding as a sign of selection for egg productivity.

An example implementation of the method

The implementation of the method is as follows. At the onset of oviposition, the bird is placed in individual cages. The age at landing is 112-113 days. Feeding is carried out with the help of a feeder, which consists of a hopper and a chain feeder passing inside the feeders. Feeders are installed on both sides of the battery. The feeder automatically turns on 2 times a day. For 11-13 minutes, the feeders are filled with dry loose feed. The front of feeding on one head is at least 10 cm. Nipple drinkers are used for drinking. The daylight hours are 16-17 hours and are maintained at this level until the end of the productive period. Illumination at the level of the feeders should be 25-30 lux. The air temperature in the room should not be lower than 16 degrees, relative humidity - in the range of 60-70%. At 180, 210 and 240 days, weighing and selection of eggs for morphological analysis is carried out: the yolk height is measured using a micrometer, the protein is separated from the yolk, the protein, yolk and shell are weighed on an electronic balance with an accuracy of hundredths. Based on the data on morphological analysis of eggs and data on egg mass, egg production, we can conclude: - the slower the mass of yolk increases with the age of chickens, the higher their potential productivity. These studies make it possible to predict the further productivity of the bird throughout the entire laying process and conduct selection based on these data. The relationship between the growth rate of the mass of yolk and egg productivity of chickens is shown in the table.

The relationship of the growth rate of the mass of yolk and egg productivity of chickens. UK 456 Chicken serial number Age days Egg production, pcs. 180 210 240 The mass of eggs, g The mass of the yolk, g The mass of eggs, g The mass of the yolk, g Increase, times The mass of eggs, g The mass of the yolk, g Increase, times one 57.1 13.40 60.8 15.30 1.14 64.1 17.30 1.13 291 2 58.3 13.60 58.4 13.60 1.00 62.0 13.80 1.01 293 3 57.8 12.81 61.9 15.92 1.24 63.91 19.23 1.21 279 four 58.1 12.12 60,4 16.40 1.35 62.83 19.10 1.16 277 5 59.3 13.11 63.1 13.15 1.00 64.01 13.16 1.00 290 6 57.4 11.94 61.8 14.89 1.25 64.13 19.80 1.33 270 7 58.8 12.78 62.7 13.54 1.06 64,44 14.23 1.05 292 8 56.7 12.37 62,2 16.53 1.34 64.72 19.71 1.21 271 9 58.6 13.21 62.8 14.42 1.09 64.61 15.43 1,07 292 10 60.3 12.01 65.7 15.67 1.30 70.10 18.83 1.20 269

Claims (1)

A method for selecting chickens by egg productivity, including taking into account individual egg production and morphological analysis of eggs, characterized in that the birds are placed in individual cages at the age of 112-113 days, at the age of 180, 210 and 240 days, the eggs are selected for weighing and according to the rate of increase in yolk mass one and the same bird is judged on its productivity, and when the yolk mass is increased by 1.2-1.4 times, the bird is considered to be low productive, and when the yolk mass is less than 1.2 times, the bird is classified as highly productive.