RU2356103C2 - Method of manufacturing device for demonstration of surgical accesses to posterior cranial fossa formations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical models. Method includes visualisation of anatomic structures. For its realisation natural anatomical object is used, in which with latex mass, dyed to imitate blood colour, injection of artery and venous systems of brain vessel system is performed separately. Successively, skin flap, muscle-fascial structures and aponeurosis are moved apart above trepanation site. Mill hole of occipital and temporal bones is formed from which squama is resected. By means of semicircular cut is opened and drawn aside. Sections of cerebellum hemispheres substance are made detachable.

EFFECT: obtaining possibility to model close to real situation aimed at development of manual skills of neurosurgeons.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to neurosurgery, normal and topographic anatomy, and can be used to train medical students and doctors in surgical access to intracranial objects.

Known devices made of various materials, such as plastics, papier-mâché, or in the form of posters, used in the educational process in the preparation of neurosurgeons. (Patent for utility model RU 45547. Published: 05/10/2005).

A disadvantage of the known devices is the inability to simulate the situation for the student, close to real.

The purpose of the invention is to create a device that enables the development of necessary manual skills in neurosurgeons.

The goal is achieved by making a device for demonstrating surgical access to the posterior cranial fossa by visualizing its anatomical structures, moreover, a natural anatomical object is used as the device materials on which the arterial and venous systems are separately injected with a latex mass stained with a dye matching the color of blood. of the cerebral vascular bed, the skin flap, muscular-fascial structures and aponeurosis above the trepanation area are successively pushed apart, forming t burr hole occipital and temporal bones from which the resected scales, is opened semicircular in section and is withdrawn toward the dura mater, and the portions of matter of cerebellar hemispheres operate detachable.

The method is implemented as follows.

As the materials of the device, a natural anatomical object is used, on which the arterial and venous systems of the cerebral vascular bed are separately injected with a latex mass stained with a blood color, the skin flap, muscular-fascial structures, aponeurosis above the trepanation area are sequentially opened, a milling hole is formed the occipital and temporal bones, from which the scales are resected, are opened with a semicircular incision and the dura mater is set aside, and the sections of the substance are half cerebellum perform arias removable.

For the training of neurosurgeons in the practical skills of surgical interventions on the structures of the posterior cranial fossa, knowledge of the anatomy and topography of this area is extremely important. In particular, with retrosigmoid access to the structures of the posterior cranial fossa after a skin incision, aponeurosis visualizes scales of the occipital and temporal bones. The application of a milling hole and resection of the scales make it possible to visualize intracranial structures, such as: the cerebral hemisphere, its vessels, and the fourth ventricle. Further actions of the surgeon contribute to the examination of the area of the bridge-cerebellar angle, the internal auditory canal, etc.

The study and understanding of the technique for performing surgical access, assessing its capabilities, studying the topographic and anatomical relationships of the structures of the posterior cranial fossa when performing appropriate accesses are possible either with direct presence during surgery in this area, or with the help of a natural anatomical preparation. The latter creates a real picture of surgical access with visualization of soft tissue structures, the place of application of the milling hole, brain structures, blood vessels and cranial nerves.

We propose a device made by polymer embalming from a natural anatomical object. Visualization of the structures of the posterior cranial fossa is achieved in stages. An injection is preliminarily performed with a latex mass stained with a dye matching the color of blood, separately of the arterial and venous systems of the vascular bed of the brain. The skin flap, muscular-fascial structures, aponeurosis above the area of trepanation are moved apart. A milling hole is formed from which resection of the scales of the occipital and temporal bones is performed in the required volume. The dura mater is opened by a semicircular incision and is removed to the side. After removal of the flap of the dura mater intracranial structures of the posterior cranial fossa are visualized. If necessary, parts of the cerebellar hemispheres are removed or a needle for suboccipital puncture is inserted. As a result, it becomes possible to demonstrate the location of the formation of the trepanation foramen, the structures of the posterior cranial fossa that “open” during its execution, and their topographic and anatomical relationships.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a device for demonstrating surgical access to the posterior cranial fossa, including the visualization of its anatomical structures, characterized in that a natural anatomical object is used, on which the arterial and venous systems of the cerebral vascular bed are separately injected with a latex mass stained with a dye matching the color of blood. , sequentially push the skin flap, muscular-fascial structures and aponeurosis above the trepanation area, form the milling opening of the occipital and the temporal bones, from which the resection of the scales, open with a semicircular incision and remove the dura mater, and the sections of the cerebral hemispheres are removable.