RU2355487C2 - Method of remediation of peat soil contaminated with oil products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is meant for remediation of peat soil contaminated with organic products, precisely oil products. The method envisages holes made in soil, placing explosive charges and explosion of soil, impact force of which is directed to central and peripheral areas of contamination. The holes are made in rows by one group along each peripheral area of contamination on the direction of the area's periphery to its centre with gradual covering the whole area of contamination, and after each group of holes are made and placing explosive charges, for example millisecond-delay electric blasting caps, soil is exploded in the direction from the centre to periphery.

EFFECT: increase of technological effectiveness and ergonomics of executed operations.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technological processes for the restoration of contaminated soil and can be used in the reclamation of peat soil contaminated with products of organic origin, in particular petroleum products.

A known method of reclamation of contaminated soil, including the impact on it in the form of an explosion with the help of explosives (EXPLOSIVES), placed in wells (see AS SU No. 1816415, IPC A01B 79/02, 1993).

The disadvantage of this method is the use in addition to the explosion of bacterial and biochemical preparations, which increases its cost, increases the duration of reclamation, and may worsen the environment with an excess of drugs.

These disadvantages are eliminated in another known method, in which the effect on the soil of bacterial and biochemical preparations is excluded by changing the blasting scheme and selecting the optimal parameters of the holes and their location, which improves reclamation.

A known method of reclamation of contaminated soil, which includes performing rows of holes in the soil, placing explosive charges in them and impact on the soil with explosive explosions directed from the center of the contaminated area to the periphery (see patent RU No. 2101076, IPC B09C 1/00, 1 / 06, A01B 79/02, 1998).

The disadvantage of this method is the implementation in the soil of rows of holes for explosive charges and their erosion, starting from the center of pollution. In such conditions, work is carried out starting from the most oil-flooded areas. Therefore, personnel have to overcome the pollution stain from the periphery to the center to start work.

The objective of the invention is to provide a method of reclamation of peat soil that does not have the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the manufacturability and ergonomics of the work.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of reclamation of peat soil contaminated with oil products, comprising rows of holes in the soil, placement of explosive charges in them and impact on the soil with an explosive explosion directed relative to the center and periphery of the pollution area, according to the invention, series of rows of holes one group along each periphery in the direction along the contour of the area of pollution to the center with a gradual coverage of the entire area of pollution, and after each groups of rows of holes and placement of explosive charges in them, for example, short-delay electric detonators, produce impact impact on the soil with an explosion in the direction from the center to the periphery.

The explosion in one group of rows along each side of the periphery prevents the spread of fuel oil along the contour of the contaminated area during the multi-day work. Further explosion of the following groups of rows along each side of the periphery provides a decrease in the spreading of fuel oil from the remaining contaminated area, if spreading takes place. At the same time, it is excluded for work performers to dig into the most polluted central places in order to perform holes in contaminated soil, to put explosive charges in the holes, etc., since work is carried out starting from the edges of the pollution area. This provides increased ergonomics of the work performed.

Performing blasting by short-acting electric detonators provides blasting with an alternate delay in the blast with different or equal times for each row of holes, which allows you to choose the optimal delay time and ensures the highest quality restoration.

Performing impact on the soil within each group of rows of holes in the direction from the center to the periphery ensures the movement of the cultivated soil in the direction from the periphery towards the center. This provides a gradual reduction in the area of pollution during the process of reclamation.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed method of reclamation with sequential blasting of groups of rows of holes, starting from one periphery of the area of contamination sequentially along all peripherals to the center.

The diagram shows four groups of rows of holes - I, II, III, IV. Each group consists of three rows: group I - rows 1, 2, 3; group II - rows 4, 5, 6; group III - rows 7, 8, 9; Group IV - rows 10, 11, 12.

The proposed method is as follows.

In the soil, a group of rows of holes exploded on a given day is performed and the wells are charged with explosive charges, for example, short-delay electric detonators. This is necessary according to the rules of industrial safety, requiring during the day to explode the entire removable stock of charges.

So, on the first day, group I is charged and undermined, which includes rows of holes 1, 2 and 3. Undermining the rows of holes is carried out in the direction from the center of the exploding area to the periphery, that is, first they undermine row 1, then row 2, then row 3. Since the blown row of holes 1 reduces the resistance to soil movement for the blast next row 2, the greatest effect from undermining row 2 will be directed towards row 1, where the soil will move. Similarly, when row 3 is blown up, the soil will move towards row 2.

On the second day, a group of rows of holes II is prepared, containing rows 4, 5 and 6. Undermining of the rows of holes starts from the center, similar to group I, that is, first undermine row 4, then row 5, then row 6.

On the third day, the group of holes III is charged from the periphery of the contaminated area opposite to the group of holes I and successively undermine rows 7, 8, 9, as a result of which the cultivated soil moves to the center.

On the fourth day, a group of holes IV is prepared and charged with rows of holes 10, 11, 12, and in this order, rows of holes are blasted. The soil moves toward the center from row 12 to row 10.

The proposed blasting scheme allows you to gradually move contaminated soil to the center of the reclaimed area.

If the reclaimed area is very large, then reclamation is continued in the given order from all four sides of the periphery until the pollution area is completely covered.

Claims (1)

The method of reclamation of peat soil contaminated with oil products, including making holes in the soil, placing explosive charges in them and impacting the soil with an explosion directed relative to the center and periphery of the pollution area, characterized in that groups of rows of holes are made in one group along each periphery of the area contamination sequentially in the direction along the contour of the area of contamination to its center with a gradual coverage of the entire area of contamination, and after each group of rows of holes and sizes Exposure to explosive charges in it, such as short-delay electric detonators, produce an impact on the soil with an explosion in the direction from the center to the periphery.

Images