RU2354871C1 - Magnetic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to mechanical engineering, particularly to mechanisms of transmission of rotary motion. The magnetic transmission consists of driving shaft (1), of differential planetary train (2) with a central, solar and satellite gears meshing between them and having elements of transmitting torque at their side surfaces, and of two driven shafts (3, 4). The differential planetary train is installed in pressure tight case (8). Magnetic clutch (5) is assembled between the driving shaft and the differential planetary train. Magnetic clutches (6, 7) are arranged between the differential planetary train and the driven shafts. The elements of torque transmission are made in form of permanent magnets assembled uniformly around circumference of all gears. All shafts, the central and solar gears are installed on magnetic bearings.

EFFECT: facilitates increasing reliability due to reduction of impact loads onto elements of torque transmission; also it facilitates reducing wear and avoiding lubrication of gear and bearings.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanisms for transmitting rotational motion.

Known gearboxes according to the application of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2006114493, containing gears.

Disadvantages: low reliability, due to the general shortcomings of all gears, namely tooth breakage during shock loads, tooth wear, the need for lubrication.

Known gearboxes according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 211573, a prototype containing the drive and driven gears having elements for transmitting torque (teeth), evenly placed on their side surfaces.

Disadvantages: low reliability, due to the general shortcomings of all gears, namely tooth breakage during shock loads, tooth wear, the need for lubrication.

Objectives of the invention: improving reliability by reducing shock loads on the transmission elements of torque, reducing wear and lubrication of the gear.

The solution of these problems was achieved in a magnetic transmission containing a drive shaft, a differential planetary gear with a central, solar and satellite wheels engaged with each other and having torque transmission elements on their side surfaces, two driven shafts, characterized in that the differential planetary gear installed in a sealed enclosure, a magnetic clutch is installed between the drive shaft and the differential planetary gear, and between the differential planetary gear and the driven and shafts also have magnetic couplings, and torque transmission elements are made in the form of permanent magnets mounted uniformly around the circumference of all gears. All shafts, central and sun wheels are mounted on magnetic bearings.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows the transmission scheme,

figure 2 - transmission design.

The magnetic gear of FIG. 1 comprises a drive shaft 1, a differential planetary gear 2 and two driven shafts: an internal 3 and an external 4, made coaxially. A magnetic coupling 5 is installed between the drive shaft 1 and the differential planetary gear 2, and magnetic couplings 6 and 7 are installed between the differential planetary gear 2 and the driven shafts 3 and 4.

Planetary gear 2 (figure 2) contains a housing 8, inside which a central wheel 9, a sun wheel 10, satellites 11 connected to the carrier 12 are installed. The central wheel is mounted on the shaft 13, the sun wheel 10 on the shaft 14, the satellite wheel 11 - on the shaft of the satellite wheel 15.

The torque transmission elements are made in the form of permanent magnets 16 mounted on the cylindrical surfaces of the wheels 9 ... 11 evenly with the same pitch and facing opposite poles towards each other. All wheels are mounted relative to each other with a gap of 6, the value of which must exceed the maximum runout of the outer, cylindrical surfaces of the wheels 9 ... 11 relative to the axles, i.e. 0.1 ... 0.2 mm. Large gaps are impractical to apply, because the effectiveness of the magnets is weakening. The transmission does not need lubrication, as no contact occurring in the gearing.

Three magnetic couplings 5, 6 and 7 are used in the device, each of which contains master and driven clutch disks, respectively for the first magnetic clutch 5 it is a master disk 17 and a driven disk 18, for the second magnetic clutch 6 it is a master disk 8 and driven disk 19, for the third magnetic coupling 7, this is the master disk 20 and the driven disk 21. On all disks 17 ... 21 magnets of the couplings 22 are installed. Between the leading and driven disks of the magnetic couplings 5, 6 and 7, magnetically permeable partitions 23, 24 and 25 are installed. All shafts are mounted on bearings 26. The device can be used plain bearings or rolling bearings. In the second embodiment, it is advisable to use sealed bearings filled with grease. It is possible to use magnetic bearings, in this case lubrication is not necessary. Since the housing 8 is sealed, the device does not need routine maintenance and repair and has an almost unlimited resource.

During operation, a drive (not shown) drives the drive shaft 1 and the driven disk 17 of the first magnetic coupling 5, which drives the driven disk 18 of the first magnetic coupling 5. As a result, the central wheel 9 rotates at a speed equal to the speed of the driven shaft 1 Through the satellite 11, the rotation is transmitted to the sun wheel 10 and to the carrier 12. As a result, the driving disks 18 and 20 are driven, which drive the driven disks 19 and 21 of the second and third magnetic couplings 6 and 7, respectively. These magnets 16 mounted on wheels 9 ... 11 fulfill the function of gearing.

Unlike gear meshing, there is no mechanical contact in the gear, this offers several advantages.

- With a sharp increase in the load on the energy consumer, slippage of the rotation of the drive gear relative to the driven gear occurs. Moreover, due to the lack of teeth, they are not destroyed.

- There is no need to lubricate the gear and bearings.

- Soften shock loads during operation.

- Increases reliability.

- Increases the resource of the device.

- The device is operable under any conditions: in a vacuum, for example in space, at high ambient pressure, for example under water, and in aggressive environments: acidic, alkaline and environments containing abrasive particles. This is ensured by the absolute tightness of the housing and the absence of seals on rotating parts.

The use of the invention has improved reliability by reducing shock loads on torque transmission elements, reducing wear and avoiding gearbox lubrication.

Claims (2)

1. Magnetic gear comprising a drive shaft, a differential planetary gear with a central, solar and satellite wheels engaged with each other and having torque transmission elements on their side surfaces, two driven shafts, characterized in that the differential planetary gear is sealed a housing, a magnetic clutch is installed between the drive shaft and the differential planetary gear and magnetically mounted between the differential planetary gear and the driven shafts coupling a torque transmitting elements are in the form of permanent magnets arranged uniformly around the circumference of the gears. 2. The magnetic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that all the shafts, the central and solar wheels are mounted on magnetic bearings.

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