RU2354593C1 - Installation to launch rockets from moon and method of preparing rocket for launching - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport, space engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed installation comprises the foundation mounted on the lunar soil, servicing mast, launch pad with gas exhaust opening and gas deflector arranged below the said opening, tight container intended for assembling the rocket and keeping it in horizontal position. Inlet and outlet gateways are jointed to the container faces, each with two gates. Air feed pipelines are connected to the container and gateways running from the compressed air source and draining pipelines with drain valves. The proposed method of preparing the rocket for launching from the Moon comprises assembling the rocket in horizontal position, lifting it to vertical position and mounting on the launch pad. Every stage of the rocket is transferred onto the launch pad in separate sections that are unloaded and carried via the inlet gateway into the tight container. Aforesaid sections are jointed together to make a transport carriage and the rocket stages are coupled. The rocket is carried via the outlet gateway to the launch pad to lifted along with the carriage. The rocket in vertical position, the carriage is lowered.

EFFECT: reduced rocket thrust\weight ratio in launching for long-range space flights, fuel consumption in launching and acceleration.

9 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for launching launch vehicles from the moon for interplanetary and interstellar flights.

The invention improves the reliability of launching a launch vehicle from the Moon by reducing the required thrust impulse of the engines for interplanetary and interstellar flights, reducing the impact on the structural elements and equipment of the platform of the gas-dynamic jet of rocket engines.

Numerous methods and devices for launching missiles from ships, submarines and offshore platforms are known. If the offshore platform is installed at or near the equator, this can reduce fuel consumption at the start of the rocket by using the circumferential component of the Earth's rotation.

Also known is a platform for launching missiles from marine vessels according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2131375, which contains a launch pad with a gas reflector mounted on the base of the platform. Under the table there is a pneumatic means for detaching the rocket from the launch pad at the initial launch stage.

Despite the fact that the objective of the creation of this invention was to reduce the time of exposure of the gas-dynamic jet of rocket engines to the base of the platform, the exposure time was 1.6 s, which is unacceptable under safety conditions. This time should be extremely reduced, because the impact on the platform equipment of high-temperature products of combustion and superheated steam formed during the evaporation of sea water can lead to damage or a reduction in the service life.

A known method of launching missiles weighing up to 100 tons, developed on the basis of ballistic missiles of submarines, in which the launch is carried out from the mines of submarines (PL), Russian missile weapons, 1943-1993. Handbook edited by A. Karpenko - SPb .: PIKA Ltd, 1993. In the known method of launching, the launch vehicle is accelerated by the piston mine using the piston force generated by the launching device, and after the rocket leaves the mine, the first stage engines are ignited.

A known method of launching a rocket, and a device for its implementation from submarines according to US patent N 3182554, NKI 89-1.7, 1965. In the known method, a rocket centered relative to the launch tube of the launch pad of the submarine is dispersed in the launch tube using a vapor-gas mixture formed when passing the exhaust stream of solid fuel charge gases through the water chamber. The vapor-gas mixture is fed into the lower part of the pipe under the rocket shutter. After the rocket leaves the water, they turn on the ignition of the rocket engines.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that they assume relatively high stiffness and strength characteristics of missiles. At the same time, these missiles can deliver only 0.1-0.43 tons of payload into an orbit of 200 km altitude, i.e. their capabilities in this sense are limited.

A device for launching rockets from the surface of the earth or from a mine located on the ground according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2242411 is known.

This complex contains a launch control center, a maintenance tower and other equipment, including air supply pipelines to ensure the thermal conditions of the compartments and blocks of the launch vehicle and the spacecraft. Moreover, the complex is equipped with a system for monitoring the parameters of the air supplied through these pipelines. This system includes thermal containers located on the sites of the service tower. Inside each of them, a temperature and humidity control unit and an opto-electronic aerosol counter are installed. The unit and the counter are connected, respectively, through temperature and humidity sensors and a sampling device with the indicated air supply pipelines. A personal computer is installed in the operator’s room, connected with the equipment of the indicated thermal containers through interface devices. A monitor, printer, and uninterruptible power supply with a line filter are connected to this computer. All components of the monitoring system are interconnected by cable lines.

The known launch method for missiles, which are distinguished by high thrust-to-weight ratio at the start from the ground, which is associated with overcoming the force of gravity of the earth and the high aerodynamic drag of the atmosphere, which determines the long-time gas-dynamic effect of the gas flame jet on the launch pad, which objectively reduces the reliability of launching rockets under these conditions and leads to high fuel consumption. First of all, this is due to a violation of the dynamic equilibrium of the system, including the vessel and the rocket, from the moment the ignition of the first-stage engines is turned on and until the rocket comes off the launch pad. In this case, the most critical moment is the separation of the rocket from the launch pad, i.e. the moment when the rocket speed is minimal, and the reaction to the increasing gas-dynamic blowing of the gas reflector approaches its maximum. All this increases the degree of technical risk when launching a rocket, therefore, reduces its reliability.

Known installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to the book of A.N. Ponomarev. Manned spacecraft. M .: Military Publishing House, 1968, p.132-135, prototype device.

There is also known a method of preparing a rocket for launch according to patent No. 2207289, a prototype of the method. The method includes assembling the rocket in a horizontal position, lifting it vertically with the trolley.

The disadvantages of the device and method is that they are applicable only for the ground based of such complexes, at best on the banks of a small reservoir: a river or lake.

The objectives of the invention are to reduce the thrust-to-weight ratio of missiles for long-range flights at launch, reduce fuel consumption per flight, accelerate rocket launch and reduce the harmful effects of a gas jet on the design and equipment of the platform.

The solution to this problem was achieved due to the fact that the installation for launching rockets from the moon includes a platform base mounted on lunar soil, a container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position, a service mast and launch pad with an exhaust outlet and a gas reflector under it, while the container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position is sealed and multi-sectional, two sealed gateways are connected to it from both ends: an inlet and an outlet, each with two sealed gates, to the container Yeru gateways and air supply pipes connected from a compressed air source and drain lines with drain valves. Under the launch pad, a sliding floor is installed below the exhaust opening and trenches are made for exhaust exhaust. The trenches are made mutually perpendicular and at an angle of 45 ° to the container for horizontal storage of the rocket. The transport trolley is made of separate sections according to the number of rocket stages, which, after docking, form a transport trolley. The transport trolley is adapted to dock with the launch pad using a hinge. The lifting device is made in the form of a winch located on the base of the platform, connected through a unit mounted on the mast with a transport trolley. The mast is capable of deviating from a vertical position when launching a rocket. Each stage of the rocket is transported to the platform in separate sections, which are unloaded, transported through the entrance gateway to the container, inside which they are connected to each other in the transport trolley, then the stages of the rocket are connected, the rocket is taken out to the launch pad and the rocket is lifted together with the trolley, which after installing the rocket in a vertical position is lowered. Before launching the rocket, the sliding floor is shifted.

The proposed technical solution has novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability.

Novelty is confirmed by patent research.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings of FIGS. 1 ... 6, where:

figure 1 shows the unloading of the rocket stage on the platform for launching missiles from the moon,

figure 2 - rocket in the storage container in a horizontal position,

figure 3 - the beginning of the operation of lifting the rocket,

figure 4 - completion of the operation of lifting the rocket,

figure 5 - the operation of lowering the transport trolley,

figure 6 - the operation of the rocket is ready to launch,

Fig.7 - rocket launch from the surface of the moon,

Fig.8 is a section along aa in Fig.7.

The proposed installation (figure 1 ... 7) for launching rockets 1 from the moon, which, in turn, consists of one or more stages 2, contains the base of the platform 3, mounted on the lunar soil 4. On the basis of the platform 3 there is a launch pad 5 and a container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position 6. Next to the launch pad 5 is a service mast 7. At the base of the platform 3, a hole “B” is made under the launch pad 5, a sliding floor 8 under it and a gas deflector 9 installed below the level of the base of the platform 3 at the center of the intersection of the trenches "AT", made in the lunar soil 4. The gas deflector 9 is made in the form of a multifaceted pyramid. The container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position 6 is sealed, the inlet and outlet locks 10 and 11 are connected to both ends thereof, respectively. Gateways 10 and 11 are equipped with tight gates 12 ... 15. To the internal cavities of the container for horizontal storage of the rocket “G” and the locks “D” and “E”, air supply pipelines 16 with shut-off valves 17 from the tank 18 are connected. Drain valves 19 are connected to the cavities “G”, “D” and “E” .

Prior to launch, the rocket 1 is located inside the container for storing the rocket in horizontal position 6 on the transport trolley 20. The transport trolley 20 is made of separate sections 21 and contains wheels 22 and a hinge 23 for docking with the launch pad 5. A lifting mechanism 24 is connected to the transport trolley 20, for example, a winch, a cable 25, which, through a block 26 installed in the upper part of the service mast 7, can be connected to a transport trolley 20 for lifting it.

The design of the gas deflector 9 can be any within the framework of the claims, descriptions and drawings, it is possible to make the faces concave (figure 1)

Shut-off valves 17 and drain valves 19 by electrical connections 27 are connected to the control side 28.

The rocket 1 is transported in stages 2 on transport rockets from the earth to the moon and further along the lunar surface 4 in a horizontal position on separate sections 21 of the trolley 20. Through the inlet gate 10, stage 2 of rocket 1 is transported to a container for storing the rocket in horizontal position 6 (Fig. 1 )

After delivery into the container for storing the rocket in horizontal position 6 of all stages 2 of the rocket 1, the separate sections 21 of the cart 20 are connected to each other, after which the steps 2 of the rocket 1 are connected and the operation of all systems is checked in a horizontal position. Immediately before launch, the rocket 1 on the transport trolley 20 is transported through the exit gateway 11 towards the launch pad 5.

To do this, using the drain valves 19 discharge air from the cavities "G" and "D". The cart 20 with the rocket 1 is rolled out directly to the launch pad 5. The rocket 1 is lifted together with the transport cart 20 using the lifting mechanism 24. After the rocket 1 is installed in a vertical position, the transport cart 20 is lowered and rolled back from the launch pad 5. The rocket 1 is loaded with components fuel and re-check its equipment. Retractable floor 8 is shifted to the side and open the hole "B". Service masts 7 deviate from the vertical position in order to maintain them for the re-launch of the rocket.

When rocket 1 is launched, the resulting gas stream enters the hole "B" and then to the gas deflector 9. Exhaust gases are taken to the side along the trenches "C".

The application of the invention allowed:

1. Ensure the convenience of long-term storage and preparation of the rocket in a horizontal position, eliminating the influence of meteorites and moon dust on its design.

2. To facilitate and accelerate the translation of the rocket into a vertical position with minimal time and money due to the compact placement of equipment.

3. To reduce the harmful effects of rocket exhaust gases at launch on equipment, including to prevent the destruction of the container for horizontal storage of the rocket, transport trolley and platform by removing exhaust gases through trenches made under the base of the platform.

4. Create comfortable conditions for staff.

Claims (9)

1. Installation for launching a rocket from the Moon, which includes the base of the platform mounted on lunar soil, characterized in that the installation is equipped with a service mast, a launch pad with an exhaust outlet and a gas reflector beneath it, an airtight container for assembling and storing the rocket in horizontal the position to which the inlet and outlet locks are connected from the ends, with two gates each, while the pipelines for supplying air from a source of compressed air and drainage pipes are connected to the container and locks water with drain valves. 2. Installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to claim 1, characterized in that under the launch pad below the exhaust hole is installed a sliding floor and trenches are made for exhaust exhaust. 3. Installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the trenches are mutually perpendicular and at an angle of 45 ° to the container for horizontal storage of the rocket. 4. Installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport trolley is made of separate sections according to the number of stages of the rocket, which after docking form a transport trolley. 5. Installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport trolley is configured to dock with the launch pad using a hinge. 6. Installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to claim 5, characterized in that the lifting device is made in the form of a winch located on the base of the platform, connected through a block mounted on the mast, with a transport trolley. 7. Installation for launching a rocket from the moon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mast is configured to deviate from a vertical position when launching a rocket. 8. The method of preparing the rocket for launch from the moon, which consists in collecting the rocket in a horizontal position, lifting it in a vertical position and installing it on the launch pad, each stage of the rocket being transported to the platform in separate sections, which are unloaded and transported through the entrance gateway into a sealed container, inside of which they are connected to each other in a transport carriage, and then the rocket stages are connected, the rocket is taken out to the launch pad through the exit gateway and the rocket is lifted together with the carriage, to after installing the rocket in a vertical position, lower it. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that before launching the rocket, the sliding floor is shifted.

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