RU2353543C1 - Device for breaking down ice cover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to shipbuilding, particularly to submarine, which break down ice cover using the resonance method. Device for breaking down of ice cover is a submarine, capable of moving under ice with resonance speed and generating resonance bending-gravitational waves. On the surface of the body of the vessel on its fore ends is installed a boundary layer trip in the form of devices, which deliver to the friction layers mechanical fine impurities with zero buoyancy.

EFFECT: possibility to increase the effectiveness of breaking down ice cover by reducing costs and generating resonance bending-gravitational waves with amplitude, enough for breaking down ice cover.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to submarines sailing in ice conditions and destroying the ice cover in a resonant way when surfacing in solid ice.

A device for destroying the ice cover, which is an underwater vessel capable of moving under ice with a resonant speed and exciting resonant bending-gravitational waves (IGW), while on the surface of the hull are installed boundary layer turbulators in the form of belts with the possibility of their extension from the hull to regulate its degree of turbulence (1. RU 2236979 C1 of 09/27/2004, Bull. No. 27).

The known device operates as follows. Under the ice cover, a submarine begins to move at a resonant speed. If the height of the excited IGW turns out to be insufficient for the destruction of ice, then during the movement of the vessel the degree of turbulence of its boundary layer is increased. To do this, on its upper surface put forward pre-installed turbulators, made in the form of extendable belts. In the normal mode of movement of the vessel, the belts are sunk into the hull and do not affect the boundary layer of the vessel. If necessary, the vessel emerges from under the ice, the belts are extended by a certain amount, which will cause an increase in the turbulence of the boundary layer and a corresponding increase in the resistance of the water to the movement of the vessel, i.e. IHV heights and their ice-breaking ability.

The disadvantage of this device is its structural complexity.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design of turbulators.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of the destruction of the ice cover by reducing the cost of excitation of IGW with an amplitude sufficient to destroy the ice.

The essential features characterizing the invention.

Restrictive: a device for destroying the ice cover, which is an underwater vessel capable of moving under ice with a resonant speed and exciting resonant bending-gravitational waves, while turbulizers are installed on the surface of the vessel’s hull to control the degree of boundary layer turbulence.

Distinctive: turbulizers are made in the form of devices that feed into the boundary layer of the bow of the vessel mechanical finely dispersed impurities with zero buoyancy.

It is known (2. Voitkunsky Y.I. Resistance to the movement of ships. - L .: Shipbuilding. 1988. - 288 p.) That with an increase in the degree of turbulence of the boundary layer of a vessel, viscosity resistance, in particular, shape resistance, increases. In turn, the shape resistance affects the distribution of water pressure over the surface of the hull, which determines the value of wave resistance, i.e. the height of the excited waves (see [2] on p. 116). Thus, if turbulizers are installed on the surface of the ship's hull, which increase the disturbances entering the boundary layer, this will lead to an increase in both the total and wave impedances, i.e. to an increase in the amplitude of the excited waves.

It is also known (3. Pavlenko G.E. Water resistance to ship traffic. M: Publishing House Maritime Transport.-1956. - 507 p., P.23), that one of the reasons for the transition of the laminar flow regime around the hull of a vessel to turbulent is water clogging (see [3] p. 23), i.e. the presence of mechanical impurities in it.

The invention is as follows.

Under the ice cover, a submarine begins to move at a resonant speed. If the height of the excited IGW turns out to be insufficient for the destruction of ice, then during the movement of the vessel the degree of turbulence of its boundary layer is increased. For this, with the help of devices, mechanical finely dispersed impurities with zero buoyancy, for example sawdust from larch (the density of larch wood is close to the density of water), begin to be fed into the boundary layer of the bow of the vessel. Zero buoyancy of impurities will ensure the duration of their stay in the boundary layer of the vessel along its entire length, because at zero buoyancy, impurities will not sink or float, i.e., mixed with sea water, they will be part of the boundary layer. This will lead to a decrease in the lower Reynolds number Re (see [3] on page 47), i.e. It will provide a turbulent flow around the entire hull of the vessel and, accordingly, increase the resistance of water and the amplitude of IGW. As a result, the bending stresses in the ice cover increase, i.e. the ice-breaking ability of IGV will increase. To increase the degree of turbulence, the flow rate of impurities is increased.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

Under the ice cover 1 begin to move the submarine 2 with a resonant speed υ _p . If the height of the IGV 3 excited in this case is insufficient to break the ice, then mechanical impurities are supplied to the boundary layer of the bow of the ship’s forehead by means of a device consisting of a pumping element 4 through a pipe 5 through an opening 6 in the vessel’s hull 2, which will lead to turbulization flow and increasing the height of the IGV 3 to the height of the IGV 7, which will achieve the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

A device for destroying the ice cover, which is an underwater vessel capable of moving under ice with a resonant speed and exciting resonant bending-gravitational waves, with turbulators installed on the surface of the hull to control the degree of boundary layer turbulence, characterized in that the turbulators are made in the form of devices feeding into the boundary layer of the bow of the vessel mechanical finely dispersed impurities with zero buoyancy.