RU2353433C2 - Centrifugal classifying concentrating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to minerals concentrating. The centrifugal classifying concentrating device consists of a case, of a movable part with an impeller assembled on a shaft, of a surface of grains de-lamination, of a surface of fine screening with a washing-out facility and of a device for pulp and washing water intake. The movable part with the propeller, the surface of mineral grains de-lamination, and the surface of fine screening create a cavity for concentrated material in form of pulp. The surface of mineral grains de-lamination is made stepped, notably, that each step has a slot for supply of washing water; the surface is installed at an angle to vertical axis in the upper part of the case. The surface of fine screening is mounted after the surface of grains de-lamination. The device is equipped with dividing partition located at the end of the surface of grains de-lamination with a gap towards it.

EFFECT: increased output of concentrated material extraction from ore, upgraded quality of concentrate and reduction of prime cost.

2 dwg

Description

The object of the invention is a "device" relates to the field of mineral processing. Currently, to obtain metals, almost all ores go through the stage of enrichment at the processing plants of mining and processing plants. In the technological enrichment chains, more and more complex, energy-intensive, expensive equipment is used, which affects the cost of the concentrate. The proposed device does not apply to expensive equipment, environmentally friendly, combines two operations - classification and enrichment, which significantly reduces the cost of enrichment.

Close to the invention in design and method of operation is a centrifugal concentrator. In it, separation occurs under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity. There are many different designs, but their main drawback is the quick insertion of a mineral bed filling the grooves between the ring flutes on the inner surface of the trapping organ of a conical or spherical shape. In the industrial enrichment of ores and sands, the need for frequent stops for concentrate removal and the difficulty of rinsing due to the pressing of the concentrate even for short intervals of operation hinder the widespread use of centrifugal concentrators. Their modifications “Proba” -2M, POU, PURS (http: //www.new-technologies,spd.ru/article/ckpp_star1.pdf - 114.733 bytes).

Known centrifugal separators with depositing, operating on the principle of separation of materials in a centrifugal field when depositing in a pulsating stream of an aqueous suspension, are designed to separate fine and fine particles of minerals by density, to extract gold, platinoids, silver, tin, as well as for preconcentration of non-ferrous ores metals before flotation methods of enrichment in the schemes of existing enterprises.

The closest device to the claimed invention in terms of features is a “centrifugal separator with jigging”, includes a jig sieve in the form of a vertical conical bowl with an impeller at the bottom and a drain threshold at the open upper end, a bowl rotation drive, a housing, a hollow shaft, a water jacket with an external sides of the depositing sieve, sub-sieve water supply unit, radial chambers communicating with the sieve, having diaphragms for generating sub-sieve water vibrations, power supply unit to the bowl, outlet units for drainage under sieve and oversize products. On the inner surface of the sieve, vertical tapering grooves are installed around the circumference, horizontal grooves are made at the bottom of the grooves, there is a discharge pipe opposite each groove. The device for creating diaphragm vibrations is made in the form of a three-link differentiated mechanism with a carrier, which is a body, a central wheel and satellites opposite each radial chamber, which have an eccentric pin connected to the diaphragm by means of a connecting rod (see RU 2238149 C2, 10.20.2004, V03B 5 / 10, 8 p., / 1 /).

A centrifugal separator with jigging is a complex apparatus, which consists of 35 nodes and parts, the interaction of which creates an enrichment process, but if one node, part fails, the process is violated. It is known from practice that complex apparatuses are unstable in production conditions and manufacturers refuse such apparatuses, since they are most of the time being repaired or debugged, and accordingly, they work most of the time.

The proposed centrifugal, classifying, enrichment apparatus is much simpler in design, compact, less metal intensive, more efficient, more productive and consumes less electricity at least half as much.

It is known that in centrifugal fields there is a sharp increase in the rate of fall of mineral grains in water. In our case, the pulp is untwisted by the impeller and centrifugal force is discarded to the upper part of the stratification surface of the mineral grains, for which it is made stepwise, and at each step there is a groove through which washing water flows. Moving along the inclined stepped surface of the stratification, grains with a larger mass push out randomly trapped minerals with a lower mass (gangue) and at each stage rinsing water is supplied from the groove along the entire circumference, to which additional light minerals are washed. At the exit from the stratification surface, we obtain minerals distributed in layers according to their mass according to their hydrodynamic characteristics. This “layer cake” of minerals is divided by a dividing wall into two parts:

the first part is small particles of a mineral with a large mass, open grains of an enriched mineral and rich intergrowths;

the second part is poor splices and light minerals (usually quartz).

The gap between the delamination surface and the separation surface is equal to the sum of the height of the layer of open grains of the enriched mineral and the height of the layer "rich intergrowths".

The first part of the minerals enters the screening surface, where the minus screening class is the concentrate, and the plus class is the intermediate product, which again enters the enrichment process.

The second part is poor splices and waste rock, which are tails.

Figure 1 shows a centrifugal, classifying, enrichment apparatus. It consists of a housing 1, in which rotation (100-300 rpm) is transmitted from the electric motor 3 through a V-belt transmission to the movable part, which is mounted on the shaft 2. Through the neck 4, the pulp enters the cavity A of the rotating part of the apparatus and enters the impeller 5 , untwisted and particles of crushed ore by centrifugal force are thrown to the surface 6. This stratification surface of the minerals is made stepwise and is set at an angle to the vertical axis, and on these steps there are holes and grooves of figure 2, through which washing water, which enters the cavity B of the apparatus through the neck 7. The washing water does not coincide with the force vector of the centrifugal field. The centrifugal force primarily casts particles with a larger mass and smaller dimensions to the stratification surface, but also light particles are captured. Moving along a stepped surface, particles with a larger mass eject light particles and are additionally washed with washing water.

Passing this stratification surface, minerals are distributed by mass according to their hydrodynamic characteristics:

1 layer - particles with a large mass, these are usually open grains of an enriched mineral;

2 layer - “rich intergrowths”;

3rd layer - “poor intergrowths” and “large” light particles;

4 layer - light minerals and over-crushed material.

At the end of the delamination surface, the “layer cake” of the minerals is separated by a dividing wall 8 at the beginning of the “poor splices” layer into two parts. The first part is particles with a large mass, that is, open grains of the enriched material and rich intergrowths, but “poor intergrowths” can partially get into it. The second part is “poor intergrowths”, light minerals and overgrounded material. The gap between the grain separation surface and the separation surface is equal to or slightly larger than the sum of the height of the first and second layer, these are particles with a large mass and “rich intergrowths” and depend on the class of ground ore, the size of the apparatus, and its productivity. The first part of the material enters the thin screening surface 9, where the open grains go into the under-sieve product, this gives a concentrate, material No. 1. The oversize screening product is “rich splices”, material No. 2, the plus class moves to unloading in what and separation, and flushing water from the flushing device 10 helps to move it. Oversize material is sent to regrind. The second part of the material, which went over the solid partition, moves to unloading due to vibration, which is brought to the partition 8. At the output, we get material No. 3, these are usually tails. But if necessary, on the inner side of the cavity And the second screening surface 11 is installed with the desired size of the working cell. In this case, we get material No. 4 - a certain class of light minerals.

If for example we take the ore of the Mikhailovsky mining and processing plant, in which the grain of the enriched mineral is 0.045 mm in size. The size of the final product in the class of "minus" 0.05 mm is up to 98%. The classifying equipment used is hydrocyclones, and hydrocyclones up to 40% of the discovered grains of the enriched mineral are sent back to the mill, where some of the minerals are regrind and go to tailings. By placing the proposed apparatuses on the discharge of hydrocyclones of the first grinding stage and on unloading the mill of the second grinding stage, we simplify the processing chain, minimize regrinding, thereby increasing the extraction of the mineral being enriched, but it is necessary to highlight that the discovered martite and hematite minerals get into the concentrate together with magnetite minerals. With the currently used enrichment technology at the Mikhailovsky GOK, the minerals of martite and hematite go into tails. If on this apparatus ore is enriched, in which there are minerals of noble metals, metals of the platinum group, then all of them will go into the sublattice material, that is, into concentrate.

High-grade separators are used to enrich low-magnetic ores; this is a complex, energy-intensive, expensive processing equipment. They also use flotation enrichment, which at a high cost of flotation reagents, protective measures for environmental safety, is also an expensive process.

The proposed apparatus is tens of times less energy consuming compared to high-intensity separators. In a centrifugal concentrator, enrichment occurs due to centrifugal gravitational forces. In the proposed apparatus, in addition to centrifugal-gravitational forces, there is a classification operation. Therefore, the use of a centrifugal, classifying, enrichment apparatus will increase the quality of the concentrate, increase the extraction of the enriched mineral, and reduce the cost of the concentrate. If on the currently used screens operating in technological enrichment chains, the entire volume of material passes through the screen, then in the proposed apparatus only the enriched mineral and rich aggregates will go to the screen, this is within the percentage of the enriched mineral in the ore. If the ore contains 30% of the mineral being enriched, then a little more than 30% of the material will come to the screen, but it should be noted that the bulk of quartz does not fall into the screen, and quartz is the main abrasive material, which increases the durability and performance of the screening surface.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal, classifying, enrichment apparatus, comprising a housing, a movable part with an impeller located on the shaft, a grain separation surface, a thin screening surface with a washing device and devices for receiving pulp and washing water, characterized in that the mobile part with an impeller, a mineral grain separation surface , the surface of thin screening form a cavity for the enriched material in the form of pulp, the surface of the separation of the grains of minerals is made stepwise, and at each stage and There is a groove for supplying washing water, and it is installed at an angle to the vertical axis in the upper part of the housing, the thin screening surface is installed after the grain separation surface, and the apparatus is equipped with a separation partition located at the end of the grain separation surface with a gap to it.

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