RU2351731C2 - Hydro-acoustic facility for hole drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to rock destroying drilling tool for laying deep holes under geologically complicated conditions. The hydro-acoustic facility for drilling holes consists of a case with washing channels, of a unit generating hydro-acoustic waves made in form of a vortex chamber with tangential input channels, of an ejection unit made in the case to create depression, and of a drilling bit. The vortex chamber is installed in the case of the facility. The ejection unit is made in form of Venturi tube. Screwed grooves are cut on the case. The invention facilitates improved performance characteristics of drilling, and improved quality of producing horizon exposure including inclined and horizontal holes.

EFFECT: improved performance characteristics of drilling, and improved quality of producing horizon exposure including inclined and horizontal holes.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a drilling rock cutting tool, especially for drilling deep wells in geologically difficult conditions and for drilling a productive formation.

The prototype of the invention is a hydroacoustic device for drilling a well, including a body with a flushing channel, a unit for generating hydroacoustic waves, an ejection unit for creating depression and a drill bit (see RF patent No. 2270315, Cl. ЕВВ 7/00, Е21В 21/00, application No. 2004108275/03 of 03.22.04).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the design and weak sonar impact on the bottom of the well during drilling. This significantly affects the technical and economic performance of drilling. In addition, it worsens the quality of the opening of the productive horizon, leads to contamination of the reservoir and a significant decrease in its productivity.

These disadvantages of the prototype are eliminated in the proposed device.

The aim and technical result of the invention is the development and creation of a highly efficient and reliable design of a sonar device for drilling deep wells in geologically difficult conditions and preserving the natural productivity of the formation during its initial opening.

To achieve the goal and the technical result in the design of a sonar device for drilling a well, comprising a body with a flushing channel, a sonar generating unit made in the form of a vortex chamber with tangential inlet channels, an ejection unit equipped with nozzles for creating a depression, and a drill bit, according to the invention , the vortex chamber is installed in the device’s casing and is equipped with a preliminary swirling chamber made with tangential input channels, and on the casing not made screw grooves, in addition, the flushing channel of the housing is hydraulically connected with the nozzles of the ejection unit and the tangential inlet channels of the preliminary flow swirling chamber (see figures 1 and 2).

In addition, the casing is equipped with a diaphragm resonator installed with an annular gap below the end of the vortex chamber, forming a toroidal resonance chamber around the vortex chamber, and the ejection unit is made in the device casing in the form of a Venturi tube and is equipped with nozzles (see Figs. 1 and 3).

To expand the technological and functional possibilities of using the device, the unit for generating hydroacoustic waves and the ejection unit for creating depression are made in a modular design and can be used to perform technological operations individually (see Figs. 6 and 7).

Justification of some distinguishing features.

In the proposed device, in contrast to the prototype, the vortex chamber is installed in the device body and is equipped with a preliminary flow swirling chamber. The application of the proposed design eliminates the time and cost associated with preparing the bit for installing the vortex chamber, and the preliminary swirling chamber provides rotational flow in front of the vortex chamber in the same direction as in the vortex chamber, and allows to obtain a certain initial tangential velocity at the inlet into the swirl chamber. This in turn increases the acoustic efficiency and impact on the face. Helical grooves made on the body help to remove cuttings from the bottomhole zone of horizontal and deviated wells and prevent the device from sticking in the well.

The device is supplied with a diaphragm resonator due to the fact that when a tangential flow of radial direction flows onto the blade of the diaphragm resonator, intense bending vibrations are excited in it, which create additional hydroacoustic waves. A toroidal resonance chamber formed by a diaphragm resonator and a vortex chamber serves to generate additional hydroacoustic energy and amplify the amplitude of oscillation of the diaphragm resonator.

In order to increase the efficiency of the ejection unit and prevent erosion of the borehole wall by a jet flowing out of the nozzle, the ejection unit is made in the device body in the form of a venturi.

To perform certain technological operations, the unit for generating hydroacoustic waves and the ejection unit for creating depression are made in a modular design. For example, when drilling intervals with abnormally high reservoir pressures (AAP), you need to use a device without an ejection unit (see Fig.6), and when drilling a production horizon with an abnormally low reservoir pressure (AAP) you need to use a device with an ejection unit (see Fig. .1, 3 and 7).

The invention is illustrated by the drawings:

- figure 1 shows a General view of a sonar device for drilling a well in section with a node generating hydroacoustic waves and an ejection node to create depression;

- figure 2 is a General view of the device and helical grooves made on the device;

- figure 3, 4 and 5 - ejection unit made in the form of a venturi;

- figure 6 - node generating hydroacoustic waves in a modular design (without ejection node)

- Fig.7 - ejection unit for creating depression in a modular design (without a unit generating hydroacoustic waves).

The device consists of a housing 1 with a flushing channel 2, a unit for generating hydroacoustic waves, made in the form of a vortex chamber 3 with tangential inlet channels 4, a bit 5, an ejection unit made in the form of longitudinal grooves 6, nozzles 7. A swirl chamber 3 is installed in the housing 1 and is equipped with a camera 8 preliminary swirling flow. The chamber 8 has tangential input channels 9. The tangential channels 4 and 9 have the same rotational direction. On the housing 1 made of helical grooves 10 (see figure 2). The housing 1 is equipped with a diaphragm resonator 11. The diaphragm resonator 11 forms a toroidal resonance chamber 12 around the vortex chamber 3. To create a deep depression on the bottom and prevent erosion of the borehole wall, the ejection unit is made in the form of a venturi and includes a nozzle 7, a mixing chamber 13 and a diffuser 14 (see figures 3, 4 and 5). The mixing chamber 13 has a side window 15 for the injection of injected fluid.

The device operates as follows (see figure 1). Drilling fluid is supplied through the drill string to the flushing channel 2 of the housing 1. Then, part of the flow through the tangential channels 9 of the preliminary twisting chamber 8 and the tangential channels 4 enters the vortex chamber 3, and the other part of the flow through the nozzles 7 - into the longitudinal grooves 6 (or through the chamber mixing 13 into the diffuser 14 (see figure 3, 4 and 5)), then into the annulus.

In the vortex chamber 3, the flow acquires a rotational movement in a spiral. In this case, a vacuum forms in the vortex chamber 3 and the central zone of the face. As a result of periodic leakage of drilling fluid from the bottomhole zone into the vortex chamber, hydroacoustic waves are generated at the outlet of chamber 3. Next, a tangential flow of radial direction flows onto the blade of the diaphragm resonator 11, enters the toroidal resonance chamber 12 and through the bit 5 to the bottom of the well.

Using the kinetic energy of the rotational flow of the vortex chamber 3 allows you to enhance the energy of hydroacoustic waves.

As a result, the bottom of the well is simultaneously subjected to sonar, depression and cavitation. The complex effect on the bottom of the well contributes to highly efficient drilling of deep wells in geologically difficult conditions, preserving the natural productivity of the formation during its initial opening.

The device without structural changes can be used to process the bottom-hole zone, call the inflow and development of the well. In addition, the device can be used as a hydroacoustic dispersant, emulsifier, homogenizer of multicomponent and multiphase fluids, for dispersing drilling and grouting mortars directly in the well during technological operations.

The device has a simple design, reliable performance and manufacturability.

Claims (1)

A hydro-acoustic device for drilling a well, comprising a body with flushing channels, a unit for generating hydro-acoustic waves made in the form of a vortex chamber with tangential inlet channels, an ejection unit made in the body for creating depression, and a drill bit, characterized in that the vortex chamber is installed in the body devices, the ejection unit is made in the form of a venturi, and screw grooves are made on the device body.

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