RU2348845C1 - Piston machine conrodless mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the sphere of machine building and is to be utilised for design of internal combustion engines. The conrodless mechanism is composed of kinematically interconnected cranks (the first one and the second one), piston rods and a gear block. The first crank is designed to have three journals, the two outermost ones connected to the rods with the third one installed in a guide. The second crank is mounted onto main bearing journals. The gear block consists of external gears (with a gear ratio being equal to 1:1) interconnected via a traction bar pivotally connected to the rod journal of the second crank and the main journal of the first crank. The invention is designed to provide for minimisation of energy expenditures related to the mechanism operation.

EFFECT: increase of the working cylinders number and the conrodless mechanism output capacity combined with the engine weight reduction.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in internal combustion engines.

A known internal combustion engine with a rodless mechanism for converting reciprocating motion of pistons into rotational motion of the working shaft with star-shaped cylinders, the pistons of which are pairwise rigidly interconnected by rods, with the movement of the piston systems and the rods connecting them along the axis of opposite cylinders, while the working shaft of the engine made of two parts with cranks bearing for mounting in them, at a radius of one quarter of the stroke of the pistons, the extreme necks of the crankshaft, equipped with a connecting shaft, fixing with the help of gears the position of the cranks of both parts of the working shaft relative to each other / see author St. USSR No. 118471, publ. 12/10/73 g.

In this mechanism, the counter rotation of the crank and crankshaft is twice as large as the rotation in the rest of the mechanism, which leads to a limitation of engine speed. In addition, the crankshaft has a prefabricated design, which reduces the reliability of the design. A design feature is also that in it a dead point is present not only in the pistons, but also coincides with the dead point of the whole mechanism, i.e. all points transmitting the moment of rotation are on the same line and the lever arm of the cranks is absent.

Known rodless mechanism for piston machine / see author St. USSR, publ. 04.07.87, No. 1302051 /, selected as the closest in technical essence as a prototype, containing first and second cranks kinematically connected to each other, a piston rod and a gear block, the first of the cranks being pivotally connected to a rod placed in the guide, and the second crank with the main neck mounted on the longitudinal axis of the rod, while the gear block is made in the form of external gears with a gear ratio of 1: 1, connected by a rod, one end of which is pivotally connected to the connecting rod th crank and the other - with the first main journal of the crank, and one of the external gears meshing is placed on the second crankpin of the crank.

This design of the rodless mechanism works only with one piston and does not allow assembly of the multi-cylinder rodless mechanism due to the presence of a second crank that prevents the installation of the second piston. In addition, the dead point is present not only in the piston, but also in the most rodless mechanism / all points transmitting the torque are on the same line, i.e. the crank lever arm is missing /, which requires additional energy consumption to overcome the dead center of the rodless mechanism.

The basis of the present invention is the creation of a rodless mechanism with such a kinematic scheme to ensure that at zero piston speed elimination of the dead point in the rodless mechanism itself, which reduces energy consumption during operation of the rodless mechanism, as well as to increase the number of working cylinders in the mechanism with a decrease in mass engine.

This problem is solved by the fact that in a rodless mechanism for a piston machine containing kinematically connected first and second cranks, a piston rod and a gear block, the gear block is made in the form of external gears with a gear ratio 1: 1, interconnected by a rod , one end of which is pivotally connected to the connecting rod neck of the second crank, and the other to the main neck of the first crank, according to the invention, the rodless mechanism further comprises at least one piston with a rod, and The first crank is made with three necks, the two most extreme of which are pivotally connected to the piston rods, and the third, middle, not connected to the piston rods, is mounted in a guide located on the same axis passing through the centers of rotation of the gears.

This embodiment of the rodless mechanism allows ensuring at zero speed of each of the pistons to eliminate the dead point in the rodless mechanism itself due to the formation of a shoulder when the pistons are at the dead points, which reduces the energy consumption when the pistons pass the dead point.

In addition, such a kinematic diagram of the mechanism does not prevent the introduction of one or more pistons into the rodless mechanism, which, in turn, allows one to increase its output power and reduce the mass of the engine.

The above and other advantages, as well as features of the present invention will be more apparent after consideration of the following detailed description, accompanied by drawings, in which:

figure 1 depicts a kinematic diagram of the rodless mechanism of a piston machine, according to the invention;

figure 2 is the same as in figure 1, a top view.

The connecting rod mechanism contains kinematically connected to each other, the first crank 1/1, 2 / and the second crank 2, rods 3 of the four pistons 4 and the block 5 / in the direction of the arrow / gears. The first crank 1 is pivotally connected to the rods 3, and the second crank 2 is mounted on the main journals 6. Block 5 / in the direction of the arrow / gears consists of external gears 7 and 8 with a gear ratio 1: 1, connected by a rod 9, one end of which pivotally connected to the connecting rod neck 10 of the second crank 2 and the other to the root neck 11 of the first crank 1. The first crank 1 is made with three necks, the two extreme necks 12 and 13 are connected to the rods 3 of the pistons 4, and the third, middle, neck 14 is installed in the guide 15 located on the same axis, the passage boxes through the centers of rotation 16 and 17 of gears 7 and 8. Gear 7 has a pivot point 16, and gear 8 has a pivot point 17. The gearing of gears 7 and 8 is at point 18.

The work of the rodless mechanism is as follows (examined by the example of the operation of one of the pistons 4).

The piston 4 transmits the movement through the rod 3 to the rod neck 12 of the crank 1 and then to the neck 14 located in the guide 15, i.e. at the dead center of the piston 4 there is a lever arm of the crank 1 equal to the distance between points 12 and 14. The second shoulder transmitting the moment of rotation is equal to the distance from point 12 to the engagement point of gears 7 and 8.

When the piston 4 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the gear 7 of the first crank 1 is held by the guide 15, the rod 9 and gears with the gear 8 and rotates around the point 16 along the correct circle, passing through the point 18 the moment of rotation to the block 5 through the crank 2 on the shaft of the power take-off of the main journals 6. The remaining pistons work in a similar way.

Claims (1)

A rod-free mechanism for a reciprocating machine, comprising first and second cranks kinematically interconnected, a piston rod and a gear block, the gear block being made in the form of external gears with a gear ratio of 1: 1, interconnected by a rod, one end of which is pivotally connected to the connecting rod neck of the second crank, and the other with the root neck of the first crank, characterized in that the rodless mechanism further comprises at least one piston with a rod, and the first crank is made with three necks and, two of which are pivotally connected to the piston rods, and a third middle one, not connected to the piston rods, is installed in a guide located on one axis passing through the centers of rotation of the gears.

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