RU2348495C1 - Welding kit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics; electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: welding kit consists of a moving part and a stationary part. The moving part is composed of an electrode holder with a slide, a handle and a manual clamp. The stationary part is composed of an electrode magazine, two feeders (the first one and the second one) and the feeder drives. The first feeder consists of a master slide, a slave slide, a body with slide guides and a manual clamp. The slides are designed to enable their relocation along a single straight line. The slave slide is equipped with a clamp for the first feeder electrode. The second feeder consists of a master slide with a drive and a guide and a slave slide with a platform and a strut with the first feeder clamp grips closed on the strut.

EFFECT: enhanced safety and improved performance of the welding process.

22 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices used for manual electric arc welding with a piece metal consumable electrode.

Known electrode holder containing a hollow handle of insulating material, inside of which is a replaceable element for attaching the electrodes and a cable for supplying welding current.

One end of the electrode holder is connected to a cable for supplying welding current. An electrode is welded to the other end protruding beyond the handle. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2279340, IPC V23K 9/28, 2006.

Known electrode holder containing a current-supply sleeve with a host assembly connected to the welding cable and the site of installation and fastening of the electrode. The unit for mounting and fixing the electrode is equipped with an insulating cap and a handle. The current supply sleeve is made in the form of a hollow cylinder. On one side of the sleeve in diametrically opposite holes, the end of the clamping roller is installed, equipped with an inclined undercut and a handwheel. A recess, a swinging support in the form of a semicircle and a slot in the wall of the sleeve are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the roller. They form an assembly and mounting unit for the electrode. On the other side of the sleeve there is a connection unit with a welding cable made in the form of a conical connection. A conical hole is fixed at the end of the welding cable, and a connection cone is mounted in the sleeve. In this case, the rear end of the cone is the basis for the swinging support. Using this design allows you to reduce the weight of the electrode holder. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2247636, IPC V23K 9/28, 2005.

Known electrode holder containing a current-supply sleeve with a connection node with a welding cable. The sleeve is provided with holes and slots for mounting the electrode, a clamping elastic rod and an insulating handle and cap. The sleeve is made of a set of tubes. The tube in which the pressure rod is installed and the tube in which the cable is installed form a connection node with the welding cable. The insulating handle is provided along the entire length of the flats, which in cross section form an external contour, the shape of which is close to an oval. The major axis of the oval is parallel to the plane of installation of the electrode. The use of this design allows to simplify the technology and increase the productivity of the manufacture of electrode holders. Patent of the Russian Federation №2245768, IPC В23К 9/28, 2005.

Known electrode holder for manual arc welding, which contains a current supply with an insulated handle and tool tray and a spring-loaded clip with an insulated lever protruding from the handle. The bed has a groove for installing the electrode, ending with a stop. The clip is mounted on the current lead with the possibility of swinging on a horizontal axis. The lodgement is mounted to rotate around an axis fixed to the current lead and has a latch for its position. The clamp has a convex surface directed towards the tool tray, the point which is closest to the tool tray is located on the axis of rotation of the tool tray in the working position of the clip. This design of the electrode holder is reliable, technologically advanced and convenient in operation by providing stepless changes in the angular position of the electrode over a wide range. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2197365, IPC В23К 9/28, 2003.

Known electrode holder containing a handle, a current supply with a tool tray and a spring-loaded clip with a lever protruding above the handle. The bed has grooves with an emphasis on one end. Each emphasis is made with a visor, forming a groove of variable cross section with the lodgement plane. On the inner plane of the visor facing the lodgement, a groove of an adequate section of the lodgement groove is made to fix the end of the electrode and limit the length of its fixed section. This design ensures the reliability of the electrode fastening and the ability to use a weaker spring for preload, which in turn reduces the fatigue of the welder. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2164418, IPC V23K 9/28, 2001.

Known electrode holder, consisting of a handle of the current supply with a tool tray, a spring-loaded clip with a lever protruding above the handle. Grooves with an emphasis are made on the tool tray to limit the length of the fixed part of the electrode. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2159172, IPC V23K 9/28, 2000.

A known mechanism for supplying electrode rods with a magazine rods, gripping and feeding rollers and guide bushings. The exciting and feed rollers for feeding the electrode rods are installed with the possibility of changing the distance between them depending on the length of the rod. The disk reflector is equipped with an elastic element located between the reflective disk and the housing, and an adjusting screw mounted on the rod. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2104851, IPC V23K 35/40, 1998.

A device for the single issue of electrodes. The device comprises a magazine and a separation mechanism, including a tool for separating parts. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2117363, IPC Н01М 10/14, 1998. Prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to increase safety and productivity during welding.

The technical result is achieved in that the welding kit with a device for the single-piece delivery of electrodes from the magazine is made of a movable part containing an electrode holder with a carriage, a handle and a clamp, and a stationary part with an electrode magazine, the first and second loader and drives of the magazine, the first and second loaders , the first loader consists of a housing with guides of the carriage of the manual clamp, and with guides of the leading and driven carriages, the carriages are arranged to move them in a straight line to the driven car A clamp for the electrode is installed, the second loader consists of two carriages - a leading carriage with a drive and a guide and a driven carriage with a platform and a stand on which the clamp jaws are attached. The invention is illustrated in figures 1-22.

Figure 1 presents the clamp of the electrode, where: 1 - electrode; 2 - a big fork; 3 - carriage; 4 - a small fork;

Figure 2 shows the intermediate position of the clamp electrode (the same position);

Figure 3 presents a side view of the clamp of the movable part of the electrode holder, where 5 and 6 are stops;

Figure 4 presents a cross section of the handle, where 7 is the handle; 8 - spring; 9 - shaft;

Figure 5 presents a General view of the movable part of the electrode holder, where 1 is the electrode; 3 - carriage; 7 - handle; 10 - clamp (side view); 11 - a dog; 12, 13 - levers;

Figure 6 presents a profile view of the fixed part of the electrode holder, where 1 is the electrode; 14 - shop for electrodes; 15 - the first bootloader; 16 - drive the first bootloader; 17 - a rack; 18 - bed; 19 - spring; 20 - drive store; 21 - drive the second bootloader; 24 - second bootloader;

Figure 7 presents a top view of the fixed part of the electrode holder, where 22 "Loading" and "Work" 23 - the position of the first loader;

On Fig presents a profile section of a store for electrodes, where 1 is an electrode; 25 - shaft; 26 - driving roller; 27 - a window in the cover of the store; 28 - frame; 29 - driven roller; 30 - a gear belt; 31 - store cover; 32 - base; 33 - hole;

Figure 9 presents a top view of the store, where 1 is the electrode; 30 - a gear belt;

Figure 10 presents a profile view of the second bootloader, where 21 is the drive of the second bootloader; 34 - leading carriage of the second bootloader; 35, 45 - limit switch; 36 - fork; 37, 38 - position of the electrode; 39 - sponge; 40 - rack; 41 - driven carriage of the second loader;

Figure 11 presents a top view of the second loader, where 30 is a timing belt; 31 - store cover for electrodes 14; 42 - store drive lever; 43 - disk; 44 - aperture in the disk; 46 - guide carriages of the second loader; 47 - position of the lever;

On Fig, 13, 14, 15 (in Fig.13-15, the positions are not affixed), to illustrate the movement of the electrode, the individual steps of the second loader are shown, where 1 is the electrode; 19 - spring; 30 - a gear belt; 31 - store cover; 34 - leading carriage of the second bootloader; 36 - fork; 39 - sponge; 40 - rack; 41 - driven carriage of the second loader; 46 - guide carriages of the second loader; 48 - spring; 49 - emphasis; 50 - fork; 51 - platform; 52 - slave carriage of the first loader; 53 - guide forks; 54 - tooth forks; 55 - clamp jaws of the first loader; 56 - dog; 57 - clamp lock; 58 - clamp stop;

On Fig presents a side view of the first bootloader (drive removed), where 1 is the electrode; 52 - slave carriage of the first loader; 55 - clamp jaws of the first loader; 57 - clamp lock; 59 - guide carriages manual clamp; 60 - countertop; 61 - driving carriage; 62 - spring; 63 - lever; 64 and 65 - stops;

On Fig presents a top view of the first bootloader (drive removed), where 3 is the carriage; 5 and 6 - stops; 7 - handle; 11 - a dog; 12 - lever; 66 and 70 - limit switches; 67 and 68 - dogs; 69 - movie; 71 - plate; 72 and 73 - springs; 74 - ledge;

In Fig. 18, 19, 20, for illustration, the individual steps of the first bootloader are presented (positions are shown only in Fig. 18), where 1 is the electrode; 5 - emphasis; 11 - a dog; 52 - slave carriage of the first loader; 55 - clamp jaws of the first loader; 56 - dog; 57 - clamp lock; 61 - driving carriage; 63 - lever; 64 and 65 - stops; 74 - ledge; 75 - a step; 76 - cracker; 77 - emphasis;

On Fig and 22 presents a projection of the mechanism that rotates the first loader, where 16 is the drive of the first loader; 17 - a rack; 22 - “Download” and 23 “Work” - the position of the first bootloader; 60 - countertop; 78 - window; 79 - case; 80 - a dog; 81 - dog lever; 82, 85 - nut; 83 - screw; 84 - sleeve; 86 - spring; 87 - limit switch.

The movable part comprises an electrode holder, a handle 7 and a clamp 10 (Fig. 5). The clamp 10 is made in the form of two four-tooth spatial forks - large 2 and small 4. Inside the handle 7, a shaft 9 is mounted with the possibility of rotation and lateral movement relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle 7. The shaft 9 and the handle 7 are interconnected by a rotation spring 8 (Fig. 4) . A large fork 2 is fixedly attached to the handle 7, and a small 4 to the shaft 9. To the shaft 9 in the radial direction is attached a lever 12 that protrudes outward through a window in the handle and engages with a lever 13 pivotally attached to the handle 7. On the handle 7 is installed the dog 11, which engages with the lever 12. The clamp 10 is in the "Work" position 23, in which two pairs of teeth of the big 2 and small forks 4 are closed and hold the electrode 1, or in the "Load" position 22, in which the teeth are apart , and the dog 11 holds the lever 12 and does not give springs e 8 rotate shaft 9.

A carriage 3 is attached to the movable part of the device, which engages with the guides 59 on the fixed part of the electrode holder and allows them to be oriented relative to each other. Two stops are made on the movable part: one stop 5 engages with a protrusion 74 on the plate 71, with which the carriage 3 is moved along the guides 59, and the other stop 6 is engaged with the dog 67, which starts the mechanisms of the fixed part of the electrode holder (Fig. 3, 5, 17). The movable part of the device operates as follows. The lever 13 is pressed against the handle 7 and the shaft 9 is rotated. In this case, the clamp is released from the cinder of the electrode 1 and goes into the “Loading” state 22.

The fixed part of the welding kit consists of a bed 18, on which are installed: - a store for electrodes 14; the first loader 15, the installation of the electrode 1 in the clamp of the movable part of the electrode holder; the second loader 24, moving the electrode 1 from the store for electrodes 14 into the clamp of the first loader (Fig.6 and 7).

The store for the electrodes 14 consists of a base 32, to which the frame 28 is attached. Two windows 33 are made in the base 32, one for the fork of the second loader 36, and the second for the shaft 25. Two pairs of coaxial rollers are installed on the frame, one pair is the drive 26, and the second - driven 29. The driving roller 26 is rotated by the shaft 25. The driving roller 26 rotates the driven roller 29 with a timing belt 30 with teeth facing outward. The magazine for the electrodes 14 is covered with a cover 31, in which a window 27 is made for unloading the electrodes 1. The electrode 1 is placed in the opening between the toothed belt 30 and the cover of the magazine for the electrodes 14 (Figs. 8 and 9). The second loader consists of two carriages: the drive 34 and the follower 41, which move along one guide 46. The drive carriage 34 is moved using the drive 21, which rotates the screw with the nut mounted on it and, thus, moves the nut engaged with the drive carriage 34 (not shown). The drive carriage 34, in turn, is equipped with a guide 53, along which the fork 36 moves. A spring 48 pushes the fork 36 towards the driven carriage 41. A platform 51 is mounted on the driven carriage 41, which protrudes relative to the carriage 41 across the guide 46. On the platform 51 a stand 40 is installed, to which two jaws are attached - the lower and upper 39, having a protrusion that engages with the dog 56 mounted on the clamp 10 of the first loader. The teeth of the yoke 36 are located opposite the jaws of the strut 40 and form the clamp of the second loader holding the electrode 1. The spring 19 pushes the driven carriage 41 towards the leading carriage 34 and, thus, defines the force with which the electrode is compressed (Fig. 10, 11, 12).

On the bed under the drive rollers of the store for electrodes 14, a mechanism 20 is installed that rotates the shaft 25. The mechanism consists of a three-stage disk 43 and a lever 42 that rotates the disk.

Spur gears are cut on two cylindrical surfaces of the disk 43, and a jack 44 for the shaft 25 is made inside the smallest disk 43. The drive lever of the magazine 42 is engaged with the drive carriage and is able to rotate relative to the disk 43. A pair of dogs 56, one of which is mounted on the lever and the second on the bed, provide a rotation of the disk 43 with each movement of the drive lever of the magazine 42 from the end position 47 to its original position. The process of overloading the electrode 1 from the electrode store 14 into the clamp of the first loader is conventionally divided into four steps with the state of the second loader corresponding to each step, which are described below. The first position is the initial one. The clip of the second loader is divorced and installed opposite the window 27 in the cover 31 of the store. Leading 34 and driven 41 carriages occupy the starting position. The lead carriage 34 is withdrawn from the window 27, and the driven carriage 41 is biased towards the window 27. The jaws 39 are pushed close to the outer surface of the cover of the electrode store 14. The electrode 1, held by the teeth of the belt 30, occupies position 37 opposite the window 27 in the cover 31 of the electrode store 14 between the teeth 54 of the yoke 36 and the jaws 39. The drive of the second loader 21 started working and began to push the driving carriage 34 towards the driven carriage 41 (Fig. 12). Second phase. The leading carriage 34 has shifted, the teeth 54 of the plug 36 pressed the electrode 1 to the jaws 39. The clamp of the second loader closed. The electrode 1 has taken position 38 outside the case for the electrodes 14 (Fig. 10, 13). The third stage. The second loader introduced electrode 1 into the opening of the clamp of the first loader. The electrode 1 touched the stop 58 of the clamp of the first loader. The driven carriage 41 has taken its extreme position, it is impossible to move it further (Fig. 14). The fourth final stage. The drive carriage 34 is biased toward the driven carriage 41. The yoke 36 remains in place, the spring 48 is compressed, the stop 49 biases the yoke 50. The longitudinal displacement of the yoke 50 results in a lateral displacement of the platform 51 with the stand 40 attached to it. in the open state, the clamp of the first loader, the jaws 55 of the clamp are closed, the stand 40 is shifted to the side, and the jaws 39 release the electrode 1. The clamp of the first loader is closed, and the second is open. The electrode 1 is overloaded from the store for electrodes 14 to the first loader. The first loader consists of a housing in which the guides 59 of the carriage 3 of the manual clamp are made, as well as the guides of two more carriages - the lead 61 and the slave 52. All three carriages are made with the possibility of moving in one straight line. A clamp for electrode 1 is installed on the driven carriage 52 (hereinafter referred to as the clamp of the first loader). The body of the first loader is mounted on the countertop 60, is movable relative to the countertop and can occupy two positions:

"Work" 23, in which it is deployed from the store for electrodes 14, holds the electrode 1 in its clamp and is ready to transfer the electrode 1 to the manual clamp;

"Loading" 22, in which it is turned to the store for electrodes 14, its clip is empty and ready to receive the electrode 1 from the second loader (Fig.7).

The guides of the driven carriage 52 are installed under the guides of the carriage 3 of the manual clamp. The axes of the manual clamping and clamping of the first loader are moved in the same plane. The drive carriage 61 consists of two parts - the upper and lower. The upper part engages with the carriage of the manual clamp 3, and the lower part with the driven carriage 52. The working stroke from the initial position to the final, during which the electrode 1 is overloaded, the drive carriage 61 performs under the action of the spring 73. The drive carriage 61 idles when the electrode 1 is installed in the clamp of the first loader and its mechanisms return to their original position with the help of the drive 21. A plate 71 is installed on the top of the drive carriage 61, which moves across the movement of the drive carriage 61. Spring 72 t pushes the plate 71 to the carriage 3 of the manual clamp, and the dog 67 holds the plate 71 from this movement. The plate 71 is equipped with a protrusion 74, which engages with a stop 5 on the carriage of the manual clamp 3. The stop 6 on the manual clamp lowers the dog 67 and releases the plate 71. The driving carriage 61 is held in place by the dog 68, which engages with the plate 71. A roller 69 is attached to the plate 71, which moves along the side surface of the housing of the first loader and moves the plate 71 across the movement of the drive carriage 61. The lower part of the drive carriage 61 is engaged with the driven carriage 52 through a cracker 76. Depending on the position of the cracker 76 relative to the stage 75, the driving carriage 61 either engages with the driven carriage 52 or not (Fig. 16, 18).

The process of overloading the electrode 1 from the clamp of the first loader to the manual clamp is conventionally divided into six steps.

The first position is the initial one. The first bootloader occupies the "Work" 23 position. Leading 61 and slave 52 carriages occupy the starting position. The drive carriage 61 is held by the dog 68. The drive carriage 52 is not engaged with the drive carriage 61. The manual clip carriage 3 is mounted in the guides 59. The emphasis 6 of the manual clip touches the dog 67.

The second position. The hand clamp carriage 3 is pushed along the guides 59. The hand clamp stop 6 releases the dog 67. The spring 72 biases the plate 71, the plate protrusion 74 engages with the manual clamp stop 5, the plate 71 disengages from the dog 68, the roller 69 touches the side surface of the housing of the first loader, a spring 73 moves the drive carriage 61 along the guides 59. The driven carriage 52 is in place. The carriage of the manual clamp 3 is moved together with the leading carriage 61.

Third position. A hand clamp is positioned above the clamp of the first loader, their axes coincide, the driving carriage 61 engages with the driven carriage 52, the dog 11 touches the stop 65 and releases the lever 12. The manual clamp closed. Now, the electrode 1 simultaneously holds the manual clamp and the clamp of the first loader. The leading carriage 61, the driven carriage 52 and the carriage of the manual clamp 3 move together (Fig. 18).

Fourth position. One shoulder of the lever 63 touches the stop 64, and the second pushes the clamp lock 57. The clamp lock spreads the jaws 55 and the clamp of the first loader releases the electrode 1, and the dog 56 locks the clamp in the open state. Now, the electrode 1 holds only a hand clamp (Fig. 19).

Fifth position. The driven carriage 52 touches the stop 77 and stops, the lever 63 returns to its original position. Rusk 76 releases the step 75. The driving carriage 61 releases the driven carriage 52, but continues to push the carriage of the manual clamp 3 holding the electrode 1 (Fig. 20).

Sixth position, final. The hand clamp carriage 3 is disengaged from the guides 59 of the first loader. The roller 69 collided with a protrusion on the side surface of the housing of the first loader, diverted the plate 71 from the carriage 3 of the manual clamp, and the dog 67 fixed the plate 71 in this position. The manual clamp holding the electrode 1 is brought out of the limits of the first loader.

The body of the first loader is rotated from the “Operating” position 23 to the “Loading” 22 by means of a mechanism consisting of a body 79, inside which two nuts 82, 85, a sleeve 84 and a screw 83 are rotated by the drive 16. The rotation of the screw 83 causes moving nuts 82, 85 in opposite directions. Two longitudinal grooves are made in the housing 79: one for the protrusion of the nut 85 and the second for the protrusion of the sleeve 84. The protrusion of the nut 85 is moved inside the window 78 of the tabletop 60. A rotation spring 86 is installed on the rack 17, which engages with the housing 79. A dog is mounted on the tabletop 80, which engages with the housing 79. The protrusion of the sleeve 84 is engaged with the driving carriage of the first loader.

The rotation mechanism of the housing of the first loader works as follows. At the end of the stroke, the drive carriage 61 of the first loader pushes the lever 81 and, thus, lowers the dog 80. The spring 86 rotates the housing 79 and the housing of the first loader attached to it from the "Operating" 23 position in the "Loading" 22. Then, the actuator 16, the screw 83 rotates, the protrusion of the nut 85, moving along the edge of the window 78, rotates the housing 79, and the dog 80 fixes the housing in this position. At the same time, the protrusion of the sleeve 84 moves the drive carriage 61 to its original position, and the dog 68 fixes it. The electrode holder for manual electric arc welding with electrodes with a remote magazine works as follows. The lever 13 of the manual clamp is pressed against the handle 7, the dog 11 locks the lever 12. The manual clamp is released from the cinder of the electrode 1 and goes into the "Loading" position. The welder then inserts the hand clamp carriage 3 into the guides 59 of the first loader. The first loader moves the carriage 3 along the guides, installs the electrode 1 in the hand clamp and pushes the hand clamp outside the first loader. Then, the first loader is turned to a window in the housing of the electrode store 14, and it includes a limit switch 87 (Fig. 21), which starts the drive 21 of the second loader (Fig. 10). The second loader installs the electrode 1 in the clamp of the first loader and turns on the limit switch 45 (Fig. 11), which switches the drive 21 of the second loader to reverse and starts the drive 16 of the first loader. The drive 21 of the second loader moves the plug 36 to touch with the limit switch 35 and stops. The drive 16 of the first bootloader returns the mechanisms of the first bootloader to its original position. The driving carriage of the first loader touches the limit switch 70 (Fig.17), which turns off the drive 16 of the first loader. The fixed part of the electrode holder goes into standby mode.

Claims (1)

A welding kit for manual arc welding with piece metal consumable electrodes, consisting of a movable part and a fixed part, the movable part containing an electrode holder with a carriage, a handle and a manual clamp, and the fixed part - a magazine for electrodes, the first and second loader and their drives, and the first loader consists of a driven and leading carriages and a housing with guides of the manual clamp carriage, the carriages are arranged to move them in a straight line, and a clamp for e of the electrode of the first loader, the second loader consists of a leading carriage with a drive and a guide and a driven carriage with a platform and a rack on which the jaws of the clamp of the first loader are fixed.

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