RU2347599C1 - Tennis shot training and improvment mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sport.

SUBSTANCE: sportsmen's shot training mechanism contains a base frame made so that it can be fixed on a support, a target, a target reset module including a bar with one end secured on the frame so as to ensure at least two degrees of freedom and the other end connected to the target, and an elastic tension member with one end connected to the frame and the other end connected to the bar. The frame is additionally equipped with a bar travel limiter. The bar is fitted with roll stops and the bar travel limiter is made so as to allow the roll stops to move therein. The base frame is made so that it can be rotated around the horizontal axis and fixed in the selected position.

EFFECT: more precise shot movements of body ends.

11 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to sports training devices of the shock type, intended primarily for training and improving the technique of shock movement in tennis.

A device is known for training tennis players, including a support on which a moving bracket is fixed with a clamp and a horizontal axis (see AS USSR No. 641973, IPC A63B 69/38, publ. 18.01.79). A bracket-shaped frame is provided in the bracket, equipped with elastic extensions with a ball attached to them. The bracket is mounted on a rack, and the frame is mounted on an axis with a given angle of inclination to the horizon. Elastic stretch acts as a return mechanism.

However, the ball after the impact moves back and forth, while the hand moves along an arc, which entails a mismatch of the motion paths during the “collision”. This can lead to injury and does not allow to improve the impact technique to the proper extent. After hitting the ball, it returns to its original position after chaotic long fluctuations, so the training time is spent inefficiently. In addition, the disadvantage of this device is the lack of urgent information about the quality of the strike.

A device is known for training the kick technique of athletes, comprising a frame and a spring-loaded rod with an elastic impact object mounted in it in a tubular guide (see AS USSR No. 387720, IPC А63В 69/00, publ. 19.11.74). The tubular guide is fixed in the bed movably, and one of its ends is spring-loaded.

However, the reciprocating mechanism of the device provides the ball in a straight line, while the hand moves in an arc. Different trajectories of the ball and arm lead to a violation of the biomechanical conditions of the collision, which affects the quality of the workout. The device is not effective enough for practicing the impact technique also because restrictions on the degree of freedom entail high requirements for the accuracy of the impact movement. This is unacceptable when training beginner athletes due to their lack of motor skill in shock movement.

Closest to the proposed solution is a device for training and improving the technique of striking in volleyball, which can also be used to practice the technique of striking in tennis (see RF patent No. 2301696, IPC А63В 69/00, publ. 2007.06.27). The device comprises a supporting frame, a ball, a ball return unit, comprising a rod, one end of which is fixed to the frame with the possibility of providing at least two degrees of freedom, and the second end is connected to the ball, an elastic extension, connected to the frame by one end, and the second with a rod, a rod stroke limiter in the form of a trapezoidal frame fixed between the ends of the carrier frame, shock absorbers located in the extreme positions of the rod stroke.

However, this device allows you to work out only one type of impact from one position, which is not enough for complex training and development of skills. In addition, the design does not provide long-term operation, since in case of an incorrect impact (which is not uncommon among beginner athletes), the rod contacts the stroke limiter hard. This can lead to breakage of both the rod itself and its attachment to the frame.

The task is to create a device for training and improving the impact in tennis, which allows you to work out all possible strokes (the ball feed, side kicks left and right, a blow to the ball when it is near the ground, kicks with a ball spin), which has a reliable design and a long service life.

The technical result of the invention is the possibility of practicing all types of blows with a tennis racket on the ball through the use of special fasteners that allow the simulator to be mounted at different heights and at different angles, increasing the simulator's reliability by distributing the shock load between the rod fastening elements and eliminating the possibility of hard contacts between the simulator parts .

The specified technical result is achieved in that the device for training shock movements of athletes, containing a supporting frame made with the possibility of its fastening on a support, a target, a unit for returning the target to its original position, containing a rod, one end of which is fixed to the frame with the possibility of providing at least two degrees of freedom, and the second is connected to the target, elastic stretching, one end connected to the frame, and the second end connected to the rod, while the frame is equipped with a limiter of the rod, according to the image It is equipped with a roller stop for the rod placed in the stop of the stroke of the rod, while the limit of the stroke of the rod is a guide for the roller stops, and the supporting frame is made with the possibility of rotation relative to the horizontal axis with subsequent fixing in the selected position.

The supporting frame is made in a stapled shape.

The device is additionally equipped with a mounting unit of the bearing frame to the support, made in the form of a rack, while the mounting unit is made with the possibility of vertical movement along the rack with subsequent fixing of the frame in the selected position.

The device contains shock absorbers located in the extreme positions of the stroke of the rod.

Guides for stretching are introduced into the target return block.

The guides for the roller stops are made in the form of circular arcs with a radius equal to the distance from the mounting of the rod to the frame to the roller stops, and are fixed between the ends of the supporting frame, while the roller stops are rigidly connected to the rod.

The target is a fluoroplastic disk in a rubber ring.

The rod is mounted on the frame in the form of a mechanism containing a bracket on which the rod is fixed in the body with eyelets for fixing the rod and two inserts of material with cushioning properties located at opposite ends of the body.

The attachment unit is made in the form of a metal ring equipped with clamps for fastening to the rack, and the supporting frame is equipped with clamps for fastening on the metal ring.

Guides for stretching are made in the form of rollers fixed around the perimeter of the supporting frame.

The target is attached to the rod in the form of a bracket with an axis for rotation of the disk, the axis being parallel to the rod.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the device, where

1 - rod;

2 - axis of attachment of the rod;

3 - eyes;

4 - stock;

5 - supporting frame;

6 - clamps;

7 - guides for stretching;

8 - elastic stretching;

9 - roller stops;

10 - rod stroke limiter (guides for roller stops);

11 - shock absorber rod stroke limiter;

12 - target;

13 - elements of tension stretching;

14 - device for fixing the target;

15 - a fixing ring;

16 - rack.

The device is designed according to the pendulum suspension scheme (physical pendulum), which will ensure biomechanical coordinated interaction between the ball and the hand during the “collision” period, since the athlete’s hand with a tennis racket can also be considered as a “pendulum suspension”. The upper end of the rod 1 is pivotally fixed using the axis 2 in the eyes 3 of the rod 4, which is placed in the housing. The housing of the rod 4 is mounted on the supporting frame 5 with a bracket. It has two inserts of material with cushioning properties, for example rubber, located at opposite ends of the body (not shown in the drawing). They are designed to prevent oscillations (excessive vibration) after hitting the rod 1 with the target 12 about the shock absorbers of the limiter of the rod 11. The rod 4 is made with the possibility of rotation around its axis and small displacements along the axis due to the presence of inserts. Due to this structural embodiment, the rod acquires an additional degree of freedom along and around the axis of the rod.

The frame 5 can be mounted on the mounting ring 15 with clamps 6 at any angle. The ring 15 itself can be mounted on the rack 16 at any height. When attaching to a rack, the device can be additionally equipped with a wedge-shaped stop to prevent spontaneous falling of the carrier frame when the fasteners fail.

The block return rod 1 with the target 12 to its original position contains a stretch 8 and guides 7 for it. The guides 7 can be made in the form of rollers through which a stretch 8 (rubber shock absorber) is passed. The rod 1 is equipped with roller stops 9. In the lower part of the supporting frame 5, guides 10 for roller stops 9 are installed, having, for example, the shape of two circular arcs connected at the ends. The joints of the arcs limit the oscillations of the rod in the longitudinal direction, and the arcs themselves in the transverse direction. In the extreme positions of the rod 1, the frame 5 is equipped with shock absorbers 11, which can be made of assembled rubber plates of different lengths folded in half. The edges of the shock absorber bags 11 can be fastened with brackets, which can be the bases of the travel stop or attached to them.

At the lower end of the rod is a device for securing the target 12. It can be a metal bracket fixed at an angle of 90 ° at a distance of 50 mm from the rod. This eliminates the hit of the racket on the rod and thereby ensures safety when performing a strike. An axis for rotation of the target is located in the bracket parallel to the rod. The target can be a fluoroplastic disk with a rubber ring around the perimeter.

Work on the device as follows.

The device (the upper edge of the target) is installed at the desired height using two clamps 6, mounted on the mounting ring 15, and then at the required angle using the clamps 6 on the supporting frame 5. In the initial state, the pendulum in the form of a rod 1 is fixed near the front shock absorber 11 by the system rollers 7 with a stretch 8 (elastic rubber cord-shock absorber), which meets the technical requirements of the angular direction of the target to the plane of the site after the impact when performing a racket in tennis. Since the target moves after an impact along an arc with a radius equal to the length of the rod, the smallest effort to the target to bring it out of rest should be applied tangentially to the arc. Any other direction of impact movement of the racket will be associated with great effort, which in turn will immediately feel the athlete, i.e. will receive information about the correctness of the blow and will be required to make adjustments on the next attempt. To adjust the effort to remove the target from the resting state, the tension of the stretch 8 is preloaded using the elements 13. If the racket hit the target 12 incorrectly, then forces arise that tend to rotate the rod 1 around its own axis and destroy its fastening to the frame 5. These forces perceive roller stops 9, preventing unwanted movement of the rod 1.

The athlete takes a position corresponding to the phase of the strike, with support standing or without support - in a jump. The racket is hit on the target. The target, having received a significant charge of kinetic energy (momentum) and acceleration after impact, easily overcomes the tension of the stretch, moves along an arc of radius equal to the length of the rod 1 and collides with the rear shock absorber 11. The distance (free travel), which overcomes the target with speed 20-25 m / s, equal to 930-950 mm with a rod length of 800 mm. When hit with a racket, the target also acquires the energy of rotation, simulating the spin of a tennis ball. Faced with a shock absorber, the target loses speed to zero, and due to the tension force of the stretch, the ball returns to its original position. Having exhausted inertial energy for 3-4 reciprocating oscillations (of the order of 1-1.5 sec), the target calms down in its initial position, abutting against the front shock absorber. The device is ready for use again.

This device allows you to put into practice the training of shock movements in tennis and from the very beginning of training begin to form not only the kinematic and rhythmic structures of the shock movement, but more importantly, the dynamic structures that form the basis of the entire shock movement. It allows you to practice not only the supply of the ball, but also side impacts both on the left and on the right. The device allows you to receive urgent information about the correctness of the strike.

Claims (11)

1. Device for training shock movements of athletes, containing a supporting frame made with the possibility of its fastening on a support, a target, a unit for returning the target to its original position, containing a rod, one end of which is fixed to the frame with the possibility of providing at least two degrees of freedom, and the second connected to the target, an elastic extension, connected at one end to the frame, and connected to the rod at the other end, the frame being equipped with a rod travel stop, characterized in that the rod is equipped with roller stops and chitel stroke rod movable therein roller stops, the carrier frame is adapted for rotation about a horizontal axis followed by fixation in a selected position. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting frame is stapled. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a mounting unit of the supporting frame to the support, made in the form of a rack, while the mounting unit is made with the possibility of vertical movement along the rack with its subsequent fixation in the selected position. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains shock absorbers located in the extreme positions of the stroke of the rod. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that guides for stretching are introduced into the target return unit. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guides for the roller stops are made in the form of circular arcs with a radius equal to the distance from the mounting of the rod to the frame to the roller stops, and are fixed between the ends of the supporting frame, while the roller stops are rigidly connected to the rod . 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the target is a fluoroplastic disk in a rubber ring. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting of the rod on the frame is made in the form of a mechanism containing a bracket on which the rod is fixed in the housing with eyelets for fixing the rod and two inserts of material with shock-absorbing properties located at opposite ends of the housing. 9. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the mount is made in the form of a metal mounting ring provided with clamps for mounting on a rack, and the supporting frame is equipped with clamps for mounting on a metal ring. 10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the guides for stretching are made in the form of rollers fixed around the perimeter of the supporting frame. 11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the mounting of the target to the rod is made in the form of a bracket with an axis for rotation of the disk, the axis being parallel to the rod.