RU2346196C1 - Vehicle recuperator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in motor and electric vehicles, robots, freight wagons and passenger cars, subway cars etc. A recuperator comprises two parallel shafts connected by a chain gear. Two overrunning clutches with mutually antithetic free run of the stars are mounted on the shafts. The clutch races are spring-loaded by an elastic element in respect to each other at the rotation angle and are kinematically connected by a toothed gear. One driven clutch serves for the connection of the overrunning clutch star to the shaft, and the other one - for the connection of the recuperator to the vehicle wheel.

EFFECT: design simplification and increase of reliability.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the construction of cars, electric vehicles, railroad freight cars and passenger cars, subway cars, robotic vehicles and other vehicles.

Various types of energy storage devices of vehicles are known, among which the flywheel mechanical energy batteries are most known, which allow braking kinetic energy of vehicle movement during braking [1].

Despite the large number of published inventions of this type of device, they practically did not find practical application due to a number of disadvantages. The most significant of them is low reliability due to the complexity of the design of the flywheel and the transmission mechanism, which should ensure smooth acceleration of the vehicle when it is attached to a flywheel having a large kinetic moment. In addition, the use of such devices practically does not save energy, because at the same time, a significant part of it is spent on useless heating of parts and the environment, and also goes into other forms related to losses.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is a vehicle recuperator containing two parallel shafts kinematically connected by a mechanical transmission, consisting of three sequentially engaging gears and providing unidirectional rotation of the shafts, an elastic element, two controlled couplers, a controlled brake, two overruns couplings with mutually opposite free-wheeling directions and cages engaged with each other by means of bchatyh wheels. Such a device has low reliability and increased metal consumption due to the presence of a controlled brake in the device control system, a large number of gears, which require increased rigidity of structural elements, additional supports, etc., to ensure appropriate working conditions [2].

The invention is aimed at improving the reliability of a car recuperator by reducing the number of links and simplifying the design, which is achieved by the fact that the car recuperator contains an elastic element, two parallel shafts, two controllable couplings, two overrunning couplings with mutually opposite free-wheeling direction and clips connected by gear transmission, shafts are connected using a chain drive, controlled clutches are mounted on one shaft with the possibility of interaction of one with the wheel of the car, and the other with zdochkoy freewheel.

This arrangement allows you to exclude from the design of the controlled brake, gear transmission, providing unidirectional rotational motion of the shafts of the recuperator, reverse gear, shaft for holding it, additional bearings for this shaft and other elements.

The operation of the recuperator is explained using the drawing, which shows a diagram of the recuperator.

The vehicle recuperator consists of two parallel shafts 1 and 2, kinematically connected using a chain gear 3. On the shafts 1, 2, overrunning clutches 4, 5 are installed. On the cages of the overrunning clutches, gearing wheels 6, 7 and drums 8, 9, spring-loaded to each other according to the angle of rotation with the help of the spring 10. On the shaft 1 is mounted controlled clutch 11 with the possibility of interaction with the wheel 12 of the car. The sprocket of the overrunning clutch 4 can be connected to the shaft 1 using a controlled clutch 13. The vehicle recuperator operates as follows.

In the initial position, the elastic element 10 is in a free state, the controlled clutch 11 is disconnected and does not connect the car wheel 12 to the shaft 1, and the sprocket of the overrunning clutch 4 is connected to the shaft 1 using the clutch 13.

When the vehicle is moving due to engine traction, the recuperator does not interfere with this movement, as the wheel 12 rotates freely on the shaft 1.

To brake the car, the controlled clutch 11 is turned on and connects the car wheel 12 to the shaft 1. In the drawing (view A), the shaft 1 together with the overrunning clutch sprocket 4 and the shaft 2 rotate counterclockwise in the same direction. In this case, the overrunning clutch 4 is jammed and its holder also rotates in a counterclockwise direction and, since the drum 8 is rigidly attached to the ferrule of the coupling 4, the turns of the elastic element 10 are twisted. In this case, the clips of the freewheels due to the presence of the gear 6-7 rotate in mutually opposite directions, the coils of the elastic element 10 mounted on the drum 9 of the overrunning clutch 5, also twist. This process, when the shaft 2 together with the sprocket of the freewheel clutch 5 rotates in a counterclockwise direction, and the yoke of the freewheel clutch 5 with the help of a gear 7 rotates in a clockwise direction, the freewheel 5 does not interfere, because this condition corresponds to its free run. The kinetic energy of the moving masses passes into the potential energy of the elastic element 10. The twisting of the elastic element will occur either until the car stops, or until the clamping force of the controlled clutch becomes insufficient to ensure the transmission of torque and the clamping disk begins to slip relative to the sprocket. After stopping, the elastic element 10 through the gear 6-7 and freewheels 4, 5 tends to rotate the shafts 1 and 2 in mutually opposite directions, which is prevented by the chain gear 3, which ensures the preservation of a static position.

The elastic element can be wound during the installation of the recuperator, as well as during reverse gear, when the shafts are rotated in a clockwise direction, the sprocket and the clip of the freewheel 5 rotate as a whole, and the sprocket and the clip of the freewheel 4 rotate in opposite directions and occurs twisting the elastic element 10.

If it is necessary to set the vehicle in motion and accelerate it (turning the wheel 12 in a counterclockwise direction), the controlled clutch 13 is disconnected and the overrunning clutch sprocket 4 is disconnected from the shaft 1. The coils of the elastic element 10 mounted on the drum 9, spinning, will rotate the overrunning clutch 5 in a counterclockwise direction. Because with this movement, the overrunning clutch 5 will be stuck, then its sprocket along with the shaft 2 will also rotate in a counterclockwise direction. The torque created by the turns of the elastic element 10, mounted on the drum 8 of the freewheel 4, is transmitted through the gear 6-7 to the clip of the freewheel 5, is added to the torque created by the turns of the elastic element 10, mounted on the drum 9, and contributes to the rotation of the shaft 2 in a counterclockwise direction and then through a chain drive 3 to the rotation of the shaft 1 with the wheel 12 of the car.

After untwisting of the elastic element 10, the sprocket of the overrunning clutch 4 disconnected from the shaft 1 remains stationary, not preventing the rotation of the shaft 1, and the overrunning clutch 5 is in a wedged state (free-wheeling state) and, when the clip is stationary, its asterisk together with the shaft 2 freely rotate in the opposite direction clockwise. Thus, after the operation of the recuperator (untwisting of the elastic element 10), there is no need to take any control actions, because the recuperator will not impede further movement of the vehicle. This helps to improve the reliability of the device.

The energy of the elastic element can be used when lifting the car uphill or when overtaking.

In this design, unlike flywheel devices, during prolonged shutdowns, the amount of energy in the recuperator does not decrease.

Information sources

1. Gulia N.V. Energy storage devices. M .: Science. 1980.151 s.

2. Patent RU 2117836 C1, 6 F16H 33/02. V.S. Semenozhenkov. Vehicle recuperator. 07/12/95. Fig. 2.

Claims (1)

An automobile recuperator comprising an elastic element, two parallel shafts, two steered couplings, two overrunning couplings with mutually opposite free-wheeling directions and cages connected by a gear transmission, characterized in that the shafts are connected by a chain gear, and the controlled couplings are mounted on one shaft with the possibility of interaction of one with the wheel of the car, and the other with the sprocket of the freewheel.