RU2345451C1 - Adjustable audio cable with wide range of tone balancing (versions) and current conductor for cable - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering. The adjustable audio cable with wide rage of tone balancing contains insulating casing in the shape of band. The positive current conductor runs along the edge of the above band. At least two negative current conductors are available on the band in respect of the above positive conductor. The negative conductors are situated between contact units at a distance from the positive current conductor and from each other, which is no less than 2 cm. In addition each negative current conductor is made up with two parts, which are strip connected.

EFFECT: elimination of current flowing effects to the friendly signals and possibility for signal parameters changing.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to a method for constructing an audio cable intended to improve the quality of a transmitted audio signal in acoustic systems and used in consumer electronics for various inter-unit and component connections in audio equipment.

In the framework of the present invention, the design of a conductive audio cable with advanced adjustment of the parameters of the interconductor capacitance, interconductor inductance and interconductor resistance, as well as the usual parameters of capacitance, resistance and inductance along the length of the cable, is considered. Adjustment of the above parameters makes it possible to perfectly adjust the audio signal for each listener of audio equipment. The adjustment makes it possible for each user to individually individually select the desired character of the tonal balance and the quality of transmission of the audio signal for various audio equipment connections.

Known conductive cable containing two isolated from each other conductive conductors placed in an insulating sheath, the ends of which are connected to the contact nodes. From the same source, a conductive core is known, containing two conductors isolated from each other, located in a common insulated sheath (Article by Kunegin S.V. “Chapter 3. Coaxial cables”, laid out online on the Internet at: http: / /www.aboutphone.info/kunegin/coax/page3.html).

The specified well-known decision was made as a prototype for all declared objects.

In the known coaxial cable, the main transmission current is concentrated on the inner surface of the outer conductor, and the interference current is concentrated on the outer side of the outer conductor. Both the main current and the interference current penetrate into the thickness of the conductor only to a depth determined by the coefficient of eddy currents. Moreover, the higher the frequency, the more these currents move away from each other and, therefore, the better the cable is protected from extraneous interference. Thus, unlike all other types of cables, which require special measures for protection against interference (balancing, shielding, etc.), in coaxial cables at high frequencies this is ensured by their very design. At high frequencies, the internal inductance of the conductors is small and the inductance of the coaxial cable is determined only by the external inductance. In the calculations for using a coaxial cable, it is assumed that the resistance along the circuit is R = 0, since the losses in the cable conductors and the external interconducting inductance of the coaxial cable L = (µ / 2π) ln (r _b / r _a ) are not taken into account. Correspondingly, the conductivity G = 2πσ / ln (rb / ra), the capacitance C = 2πε / ln (rb / ra), where μ, ε, σ are the magnetic, dielectric permittivity and conductivity of the medium, and r _b , r _a are the radii of the conductors defined from the common center of the internally located conductor.

It follows from the foregoing that the main advantages of a coaxial cable (low attenuation and high noise immunity) are especially pronounced in the high-frequency part of the transmitted frequency spectrum. At constant current and at low frequencies, when the current practically passes through the entire cross section of the conductor, the advantages of this cable disappear. Moreover, the coaxial circuit as asymmetrical with respect to other circuits and the earth (the parameters of its conductors “a” and “b” are different) in the low frequency range is less susceptible to noise in the low-frequency interference band to symmetrical cables.

The disadvantage of this cable is that it works well in terms of noise immunity in the high-frequency part of the transmitted frequency spectrum, in the low frequency range it is inferior to symmetrical cables in noise protection. At the same time, in consumer electronics, conductors for transmitting signals in the low frequency range are just used for various inter-unit and component connections of audio and video. In this regard, cable parameters such as inter-conductor capacitance have to be taken into account, since modern equipment (audio and video destination) is based on the use of low currents in the low frequency range, and the transfer of electric charge from one conductor to another affects the purity of the signal passing through the conductor . Studies have shown that the inter-conductor capacitance in the cable reaches 75-300 pF, which is a significant interference for low-current signals and sufficient to introduce distortion into such a signal.

The present invention is aimed at solving the technical problem of eliminating the influence of the processes of current flow in the conductor on the useful signal, changing the cable design and making it possible to change the parameters of the interconductor capacitance, interconductor inductance and interconductor resistance by introducing at least two negative conductors with one positive core.

The technical result achieved in this case is to improve the frequency response of the acoustic equipment by improving the operational characteristics of the conductive cable by adjusting the interconductor capacitance (mutual electrical intensity of the two conductors), the interconductor inductance and the interconductor resistance to the quality and reliability of the transmitted signal.

The technical result for the first embodiment of the device is achieved in that in an adjustable audio cable with an extended tonal balance adjustment range, containing conductive conductors isolated from each other, placed in an insulating sheath and the ends of which are connected to the contact nodes, the insulating sheath is a tape along one edge of which there is one negative conductive core and with respect to which at least two positive conductive conductors are located on this tape, laid in the area between the contact nodes at a distance from the negative conductive core and at a distance of at least 2 cm from each other, each positive conductive core made of two parts, and the connection between the parts of any one of the positive conductive wires is carried out by a jumper.

The technical result for the second variant of the device is achieved by the fact that in an adjustable audio cable with an extended range of tonal balance adjustment, containing conductive conductors isolated from each other, placed in an insulating sheath and the ends of which are connected to the contact nodes, the insulating sheath is a tape, in the middle of which there is one negative conductive core and with respect to which at least two positive conductive conductors are located on each side thereof, laid in the area between the contact nodes at a distance from the negative conductive core and at a distance of at least 2 cm from each other, each positive conductive core made of two parts, and the connection between each other of any one of the positive conductive conductors on each side of the negative the conductive core is carried out by a jumper.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that in a conductive conductor containing two insulated conductors located in a common insulated sheath, both conductors in this sheath are made twisted along the length of the conductive core, while twisting is an alternating clockwise twisting lengths of equal length arrow and sections of the twist counterclockwise, having an equal number of turns in each twist.

These features are significant and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The present invention is illustrated by specific examples of execution, which, however, are not the only possible, but clearly demonstrate the ability to achieve the desired technical result.

Figure 1 shows a graph of the change in the amplitude of the audio signal from the frequency in the spectrum of audible frequencies for a cable with an interconductor capacity of 5 pF;

figure 2 is a graph of the dependence of the amplitude of the audio signal on the frequency in the spectrum of audible frequencies for a cable with an interconductor capacity of 8 pF;

figure 3 is a graph of the dependence of the amplitude of the audio signal on the frequency in the spectrum of audible frequencies for a cable with an interconductor capacity of 12 pF;

figure 4 is a graph of the dependence of the amplitude of the audio signal on the frequency in the spectrum of audible frequencies for a cable with an interconductor capacity of 16 pF;

5 is a General view of the cable according to the first embodiment;

6 is a diagram of the location of the conductive conductors in the cable of figure 1;

Fig.7 is a General view of the cable according to the second embodiment;

Fig.8 shows the arrangement of conductive conductors in the cable of Fig.1;

Fig.9 is a diagram of the twisting of conductors in the cable.

According to the present invention, a construction of a conductive audio cable with advanced adjustment of the parameters of the interconductor capacitance, interconductor inductance and interconductor resistance, as well as the usual parameters of capacitance, resistance and inductance along the length of the cable, is considered.

Such a current-carrying cable is intended for use in consumer electronics for various inter-unit and component audio and video connections. More specifically, this cable is used to connect blocks of acoustic or video systems, which have high demands on the quality of the transmitted signal. In the framework of the present invention, a current-carrying cable with an adjustable reduced interconducting capacity is considered, which can significantly increase the reliability of the signal transmitted from one component of the system to another and makes it possible to perfectly adjust the audio signal individually for each listener of audio equipment. The adjustment makes it possible for each user to individually individually select the desired character of the tonal balance and the quality of transmission of the audio signal for various audio equipment connections.

Traditionally produced current-carrying cables, regardless of the design and materials used, have an interconducting capacitance equal to about 75-300 pF. As a result of research, it was found that when the conductive wires are separated from each other by a distance of at least 2 cm, a reduction in the cable’s interconductor capacitance to 5 pF is significantly achieved. The restriction on the lower limit is due to the fact that spaced conductive conductors at their ends are brought closer to connect with contact nodes. The limit on the upper limit is not more than 25 pF, which is confirmed by numerous experiments.

As a result of the studies, it was found that the construct of the components (products) of radio engineering - electronics should be installed in such a way that all components of the components have a minimum capacitance between them of no more than 25 pF between the plus and minus of the conductors and are at least 2 cm apart friend, or must be in the insulator separately, capable of eliminating the interconductor capacitance.

The various components of the radio components, power supply components, printed circuit boards, chips (microcircuits) included in the design of the circuitry of any radio engineering device (device) must be located so that the distance between the positive conductive wire and the negative wire is at least 2 cm. the indicator, measured in pF, of the interconductor capacitance should have no more than 25 pF. In addition, the semiconductor inductance should exceed a value of 600 Henry or absent altogether.

Parallel conductors of conductive conductors positive (+) and negative (-), should be located as far from each other as possible to ensure a minimum indicator of interconductor capacitance. Live sound is directly connected to the inter-conductor capacitance, providing the highest degree of fidelity of sound, unlike the old HI-FI and High-End standards.

By adjusting the small numerical value in pF, but the huge visually audible tonal balance, it was possible to create a cable that allows you to adjust in the path not only the HF, MF and LF frequencies, in the frequency response (amplitude-frequency characteristic), but also an audible visual signal in either the other side (more transparent or less, sharper or softer, brighter or veil, echoing bass or not, elastic bass or less, and also adjust the tone of the voice). Thus, with the help of this cable, it became possible to perfectly tune (coordinate) the sound path.

As a result of research and experiments, it was found that the quality of the audio signal in the conductive cable depends on the difference in the amplitudes of the input and output signals in the conductive cable, as well as the difference in performance at different measured frequencies. When equalizing this difference (that is, reducing it to zero), it becomes possible to obtain a pure sound signal, which is confirmed by the AFC shown in Figs. 1-4. The amplitudes of the input and output signals in the conductive cable are equalized by reducing the interconducting capacitance in the conductive cable to a level of no more than 25 pF by spacing the negative and positive conductors in this cable by a distance of at least 2 cm, and then the conductors of the conductive cable are brought closer together on a part of the length of this cable before equalizing the amplitudes of the input and output signal in this cable. At the same time, improving the quality of the audio signal in the conductive cable is achieved by increasing the distance between the negative and positive conductors of the conductive cable to reduce the conductive capacitance in the conductive cable and at the same time increase the conductive inductance to a level exceeding 600 Henry.

As a result of studies, the dependence of the spacing of conductors on the conductor cross section was established. Improving the quality of the audio signal in the conductive cable with a decrease in the conductive capacitance in the conductive cable to a level of not more than 25 pF is achieved by spacing the negative and positive conductors in this cable by an appropriate distance, depending on the square (cross-sectional area of the conductor in mm) of the conductor in accordance with the following algorithm:

for conductor cross sections up to 1 square - at least 2 cm,

for conductor cross sections from 1.1 square to 2 squares - at least 3 cm,

for conductor cross sections up to 2.1 squares up to 4 squares - at least 5 cm,

for conductor cross sections up to 4.1 squares up to 6 squares - at least 7 cm,

for conductor cross sections up to 6.1 squares to 7.5 squares - at least 8 cm,

for conductor cross sections up to 7.6 squares up to 9 squares - at least 8 cm, more than 9 squares the distance is obtained by multiplying the value of the square by 2.

The present method allows you to adjust the tonal balance of the sound tone by reducing the interconducting capacitance in the conductive cable by spacing the negative and positive conductors in this cable by a distance of at least 2 cm, at least part of the length of this cable.

Given this pattern, it became possible to design a special adjustable audio cable with an extended range for adjusting the tonal balance. An adjustable audio cable with an extended range for adjusting the tonal balance.

According to the first embodiment, the conductive cable (FIGS. 5 and 6) contains conductive conductors isolated from each other, respectively, one negative conductive core 1 and several (at least two) positive conductive conductors 2, all conductors are placed in an insulating sheath 3. The ends of all cores are connected to the contact nodes 4, intended for electrical connection with the reciprocal contact nodes on the connected blocks of equipment. The insulating shell is a tape along which one edge there is a negative conductive core 1 and relative to which on the same tape there are positive conductive wires 2 located in the area between the contact nodes at a distance from the negative conductive core (across the tape) and at a distance from each other at least 2 cm. Each positive conductive core 2 is made of two unconnected segments 5 and 6 of the core 2, and the connection between the segments of the core of any one of the ial of conductors carried detachable crosspiece 7. Figure 1 shows an external view of the adjustable cable and Figure 2 arrangement of veins in the ribbon. The node 8 connecting the segments 5 and 6 of the positive conductors 2 is made in the form of a separate block in which the free ends of the segments are made in the form of terminals 9 so that a jumper can connect the segments 5 and 6 of any positive core 2. By moving the jumper in the direction from the negative core 1 and by connecting, respectively, the segments of the positive core, the interconductor capacitance is changed in the direction of decreasing it and, accordingly, improving the sound quality. This embodiment is implemented on an RCA cable.

For the XLR cable, a second embodiment is used (Figs. 7 and 8), according to which an adjustable audio cable with an extended tonal balance adjustment range contains conductive conductors isolated from each other: one negative 1 and positive 2, placed in an insulating sheath 3 and the ends of which are connected to contact nodes 4. The insulating shell 3 is a tape, in the middle of which there is one negative conductive core 1 and relative to which at least two ve positive conductive conductors 2 located in the area between the contact nodes at a distance (across the tape) from the negative conductive conductors and at least 2 cm from each other, each positive conductive core 2 made of two unconnected segments of the conductors 5 and 6, and the connection between the segments of the core of any one of the positive conductive wires on each side of the negative conductive core is carried out by a removable jumper 7. Node 8 of the connection of segments 5 and 6 of the positive conductors 2 in this example is also made in the form of a separate block in which the free ends of the segments are made in the form of terminals 9 so that a jumper can connect segments 5 and 6 of any positive core 2. By moving the jumpers 7 (on each side of the negative core) in the direction from negative core 1 and the connection, respectively, of the segments of the positive veins carry out a change in the interconductor capacitance in the direction of its decrease and, accordingly, improve sound quality.

For these versions of the conductive cable, a conductive core of two conductors 10 isolated from each other located in a common insulated sheath 11 is used. Each conductor is made of a conductive wire (core) coated with an insulated varnished coating covered by an insulated fabric coating. In the said sheath 11, both conductors are made twisted along the length of the conductive core (Fig. 9), while twisting is alternating equally long sections of twist in a clockwise direction and sections of twisting counterclockwise, having an equal number of turns in each twist. In each twist, the conductors are twisted with the same twisting force. The specified parameters of the conductive core are essential and determining for the process of charge transfer from one conductor to another. Thus, the core is a successively arranged alternating sections, on one of which the conductors are twisted in one direction, and on the next section, the same conductors are twisted in the opposite direction with the formation of a “reverse” zone 12 between the sections.

With this design, mutual cancellation of the twist of the interconductor capacitance formed in one section occurs with one sign equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the capacitance formed in the next section.

The invention allows to design radio engineering with a minimum pF: not more than 25 pF when an audio or video signal passes through a conductor having a minimum pF - interconductor capacitance with a negative conductor passing in parallel. The invention allows to ideally construct an audio (video) circuit having a minimum “stray” capacitance, thereby obtaining ideal indicators in the audio (video) path, not only in the timbre of the high-frequency, mid-frequency, low-frequency range in the frequency response (amplitude-frequency characteristic), but and in tones of tonal balance. The highest sound signal transmission along the conductor directly depends not only on the resistance parameters, as previously thought (this parameter minimally affects the nature of the sound signal) and inductance (this parameter affects the low-frequency range not in the most basic component of the audible range and can be easily solved using a reversed conductor ), and, as it turned out, the most important electrical parameter affecting the most audible part of the sound signal perceived by the human ear in the range from 40 Hz to 20,000 kHz (namely, up to 20,000 Hz, the visual perception by the ear increases with a decrease in the indicator of the interconductor capacitance and resistance), is the indicator in pF of the interconductor capacitance between the plus and minus of the conductor transmitting signal (s). Between two parallel conductive and conductors - positive (+) and negative (-), the values of the interconductor capacitance in the digital pF values are so minimal that one unit in the pF capacitance (unit of capacitance) between the conductors has a serious effect on the final result of the audio or video signal. Capacitance indices with a step of 1 pF have a huge difference in values not only visually in the real audible range of the human ear and real visibility of the eyes, but also clearly reflected in the measuring sound graphs of the frequency response and on the test video grids. The lower the inter-conductor capacitance in pF, the cleaner the audio or video signals. According to numerous measurement experiments, practice has shown that 100% of the conductive interconnect interconnect cables produced in the world have indicators from 50 pF to 300 pF of interconductor capacitance per linear meter of length. It is due to the minimum numerical indicator of the interconductor capacitance with a difference of 1 pF / per meter linear, and in fact a huge step in measuring indicators (in this case, tens of pF of the passage of audio or video signals) people - listeners, music lovers and audiophiles hear a distinct difference in sound audio when comparing various connecting cables (interconnect and acoustic), and also distinguish the difference in the quality of the video image on the same monitor connected by different video cables.

The visual impressions are as follows: a sound complex was installed from the components of a CD / DVD player, amplifier and speakers to listen to the sound difference when connecting an inter-unit cable with advanced adjustment. When listening to sound compositions, changing the position of the jumper on different terminals, it was clearly audible what is the difference between the sound audio signals from the speaker systems. The sound stereo image had a different sound in tonal balance when connecting different terminals. The difference in the nature of the sound at different positions of the terminals in terms of tonal balance and the purity of the sound signal was clearly audible, like two different singers with different timbres of voices and the difference in professionalism. We can conclude: with the help of this cable it is possible to adjust the sound more comfortably for the listener than with a conventional non-adjustable cable. The advantage of the new interconnect cable with advanced adjustment is huge and obvious even by ear.

After connecting a pilot batch of cables with advanced adjustment, we can conclude: in the audio components where the adjustable cables were installed, the sound could be adjusted more correctly and more comfortably for each listener than the audio components with conventional fixed cables, which proves the indisputable advantage of the new cable technology over the old .

This cable controls the audio signal by changing the parameters of resistance, inductance and capacitance along the length of the conductor. And also between the interconducting capacitance, resistance and inductance between the conductors. The cable can be used with various equipment and it is easier to configure it to a comfortable playback. Compared with conventional interconnect cables, the new progressive adjustable cables allow you to configure the audio signal in any sound path for each listener individually and comfortably.

The present invention is industrially applicable, as it can be implemented using technologies used in the manufacture of cables in the electrical industry.

Claims (3)

1. An adjustable audio cable with an extended range of tonal balance adjustment, containing conductive conductors isolated from each other, placed in an insulating sheath, and the ends of which are connected to contact nodes, characterized in that the insulating sheath is a tape along which one negative conductive is located along one edge core, and with respect to which at least two positive conductive wires are located on this tape, located in the area between the contact nodes on standing from the negative conductor and at a distance from each other at least 2 cm, with each positive current-carrying conductor is made of two unconnected conductor segments, and a connection between the conductor segments either one of the positive conductive wires carried removable jumper. 2. An adjustable audio cable with an extended range of tonal balance adjustment, containing conductive conductors isolated from each other, placed in an insulating sheath, and the ends of which are connected to contact nodes, characterized in that the insulating sheath is a tape, in the middle of which there is one negative conductive core , and with respect to which on each side there are at least two positive conductive conductors located in the area between the contact nodes on standing from a negative conductive core and at a distance of at least 2 cm from each other, while each positive conductive core is made of two unconnected segments of the core, and the connection between the segments of the core of any one of the positive conductive wires on each side of the negative conductive core carried out by a removable jumper. 3. A conductive conductor containing two insulated conductors located in a common insulated sheath, characterized in that both conductors are twisted along the length of the conductive conductor in said sheath, wherein twisting is alternating twisting sections of equal length in a clockwise direction and counter-clockwise twisting portions having an equal number of turns in each twist.

Images