RU2344973C1 - Earth-lunar facility (elf) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: facility includes an Earth-space elevator and Earth-Lunar module. The Earth-space elevator is made of 103 extending cylindrical sections. The sections have vertical lift stabilising screws with 101 bands of a diameter from 450 to 480 meters mounted vertically below ground at a depth of 1300 meters in a reinforced-concrete housing. The housing also includes reservoirs filled with liquefied natural gas with high pressure chambers, which apply gas and steam pressure up to 300 atmospheres to the bottom of the lifting cylinders. The Earth-Lunar module with four movable supports is cylinder-shaped with a diameter of 50 meters and 25-m cone apex and weight of 10000 tonnes. The module is separated by inner bulkheads into compartments with enough space to accommodate a parachute, maneuvering engines, living areas, water and oxygen storages, storage areas, special equipment, fuel tanks, hydrogen electric power plant, sustainers and lunar robot vehicles. The module is also equipped with a freight elevator with a raising shock-absorbing leg.

EFFECT: facilitation of space explorations using the Earth-Lunar Facilities.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to astronautics, in particular to the design of a multi-purpose device for industrial space exploration.

The Earth-Lunar Complex (ZLK) contains:

1) Earth-space elevator (LSC) in the form of 103 retractable cylindrical sections made of titanium alloy, having vertical lifting stabilizing screws with hoops in the amount of 101 pieces with a diameter of 450 to 480 m, mounted vertically in the ground to a depth of 1300 m in a reinforced concrete building, in which has tanks filled with liquefied oxygen and natural gas with high-pressure chambers that supply gas and vapor pressure up to 300 atmospheres to the lower part of the lifting cylinders.

2) The Earth-Lunar Module (ZLM) in the form of a titanium case has a cylindrical shape 50 m in diameter with a cone-shaped top 25 m, weighing 10,000 tons, divided by internal bulkheads into compartments with space for parachute, shunting engines, living quarters, water supplies and oxygen, storage needs, special equipment, fuel tanks, a hydrogen electric power plant, marching engines, moon robots, a lift with a shock absorbing strut, four moving supports.

Technical field

The invention relates to astronautics, has design features of elements that require detailed study (refinement) of the device in research institutes. It is designed to perform many terrestrial and technical works and services on an industrial scale in the following areas: lifting, industrial and technical, mining, research, processing, transport, repair and restoration, tourism, special and others.

The present invention (ZLK) at the same time combines in one whole:

1) Earth-space lifting device.

2) Reusable interplanetary cargo and passenger platforms.

Also, many other areas combined in a single complex.

The present invention (ZLK) relates to the field of industrial space exploration, in particular delivery to the planet Earth from the lunar surface of an enriched chemical element (He ₃ ).

State of the art

According to known information, the Earth-Lunar complex has no direct analogues. It represents a new direction in the development of technologies associated with access to outer space and the return to earth of large-sized, massive aircraft. The closest analogues are multi-stage heavy missiles and reusable shuttles with lifting rocket carriers. The disadvantages of devices known to be launched into outer space include: low productivity when launching a payload (artificial Earth satellite, spacecraft, automatic interplanetary stations, etc.) into space, since about 90% of the starting mass is fuel in conjunction with disposable rocket carriers. According to well-known information, the ZLK surpasses these analogues with a more advanced constructive solution that allows performing multi-purpose tasks, an order of magnitude higher than existing technologies. Ten Earth-Lunar modules raised to a height of 100 kilometers above the Earth's surface (using the Earth-space lifting device) will amount to 100,000 tons. Depending on the task, the launched Earth-Lunar modules using rocket carriers are relatively easy to pick up speed equal to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd space. It is possible to raise the payload to 100,000 tons with unlimited dimensions, depending on the design of the device being launched. ZLK represents a new promising direction in the development of technology in the development of outer space, as it greatly increases the ability of man to overcome the gravitational attraction of planet Earth. There are many technical devices, methods for space exploration, in contrast to which the ZLK has a fundamentally new technological approach that can fulfill any task in the production of space work in an industrial volume. Using the design features of the device, saturated with a powerful source of energy from liquefied oxygen and natural gas, located in tanks with thirty high-pressure chambers located around the circumference on the earth's surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a multi-purpose device having a powerful source of energy from liquefied oxygen and natural gas, located in thirty tanks with high-pressure gas chambers combined with the energy of water vapor, lifting in the telescopic sections a payload weighing 100,000 tons to a height of 100 km. Able to carry out many different operations for space exploration in industrial volume, with high performance, performing multiple flights to the moon and neighboring planets.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the ZLK contains:

1) Earth-space elevator (LSC) in the form of 103 retractable cylindrical sections made of titanium alloy, having vertical lifting stabilizing screws with hoops in the amount of 101 pieces with a diameter of 450 to 480 m, mounted vertically in the ground to a depth of 1300 m in a reinforced concrete building, in which has tanks filled with liquefied oxygen and natural gas with high-pressure chambers that supply gas and vapor pressure up to 300 atmospheres to the lower part of the lifting cylinders;

2) The Earth-Lunar Module (ZLM) in the form of a titanium case having a cylindrical shape 50 meters in diameter with a cone-shaped top 25 meters, weighing 10,000 tons, it is divided by internal bulkheads into compartments with space for parachute, shunting engines, living quarters, water and oxygen reserves, storage needs, special equipment, fuel tanks, a hydrogen electric power plant, mid-flight engines, moon robots, a lift with a shock absorbing strut, four moving supports.

All parts during operation form a tower in the form of a retractable telescopic tube having an earth foundation of 1300 m depth, 100 km high, connected to a single lifting device with shooting Earth-Lunar modules in the amount of up to ten pieces at a height of 100 km.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 - ZLK in the context (scale: 1 mm is 10 m).

Figure 2 - ZLK top view (scale: 1 mm is 10 m).

Figure 3 - Earth-Lunar module (ZLM) in the context.

Figure 4 - ZLK in the context (scale: 1 mm is equal to 100 m).

Figure 5 shows the prefabricated three-layer titanium panel.

List of figures of drawings and other materials

1. Raised Earth-Lunar modules in the housing of the first cylindrical section.

2. A device having a vertical gas valve with lateral pulse correction valves horizontally 360 °.

3. The stabilizing hoop (flywheel) of the lifting blades.

4. Gas turbine with sliding bearing No. 1 on the housing of the second cylindrical section.

5. The housing of the second cylindrical section.

6. The cavity of the second cylindrical section, raised by gas pressure.

7. Airspace.

8. Gas turbines with sliding bearings No. 2 to No. 101.

9. Lifting blades No. 2 to No. 101.

10. Stabilizing hoops (flywheels) No. 2 to No. 101.

11. Pressure relief valve.

12. Reservoirs of liquefied natural gas with high-pressure chambers up to 300 atmospheres.

13. The inlet valve.

14. The horizontal ring of the gas pipeline.

15. Vertical gas pipeline with nozzles spraying water.

16. Reinforced concrete base.

17. Retractable cylindrical sections No. 3 to No. 101.

18. Earthly soil.

19. The launch site of the lunar module.

20. Shock absorbers.

21. The sole of the base.

22. The lifting mechanism of the dome.

23. Another lunar module.

24. The railway track of the dome.

25. The dome.

26. Welded three-layer titanium panel.

27. Mounting holes.

28. The middle part of a three-layer titanium panel.

29. The inner part of the three-layer titanium panel.

30. The outer part of the three-layer titanium panel.

31. Sections for mineral processing equipment.

32. Living and storage facilities for the crew.

33. Containers for liquefied gas water.

34. Internal bulkheads.

35. The elevator shaft.

36. Shunting engines.

37. Freight elevator.

38. Lifting hitch.

39. Parachute container.

40. Walking legs.

41. The mechanism of rotation of the walking support.

42. The axis of horizontal rotation of the walking support by 120 °.

43. Fuel tanks.

44. Marching engines.

45. Sections for placement of lunar robots (lunar tractors).

46. Hydrogen power plant.

47. Retractable cylinder shock absorber-lift.

48. Sole with shock absorber-lift bearing.

49. The hydraulic cylinders of the shock absorber-lift.

50. Lunar soil.

51. Titanium case with a thickness of 10 mm.

52. The gas pipeline.

53. Installation for liquefying natural gas.

54. The well.

55. Natural gas field.

56. Sea surface.

57. A cavity with fresh water.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

The Earth-Lunar Complex (ZLK), a multipurpose device for the industrial production of space work, consists of the following main parts:

1) Earth-space elevator.

2) Earth-Lunar modules in the amount of ten pieces.

1) Earth-space elevator (Fig. 1, 2, 4, 5) in the form of a cylinder 200 meters in diameter, having a conical extension of 750 meters in the upper part, 1300 meters high, mounted in the earth's surface as a reinforced concrete foundation.

It consists of a strong reinforced concrete base (body) 16, which serves as a giant lifting device. Earth-space elevator equipped; thirty tanks of liquefied oxygen and natural gas with high-pressure chambers up to 300 atmospheres circumferentially located in the upper part of the conical expansion housing 12. Each combustion chamber has an overpressure safety valve 11 and an inlet valve 13. A horizontal ring of the gas pipeline 14 passes under the high-pressure chambers , from which to the sole of the base 21, eight vertical gas pipelines with nozzles spraying water 15. On the shock absorbers 20 mounted titanium extendable cylindrical sections and 17 in the amount of 103 pcs. Figure 5 shows a fragment of a concave three-layer titanium panel 26, of which 103 retractable cylindrical sections are assembled alternately on bolt fasteners using sealant. The welded three-layer titanium panels 26 in the lower eight-meter part 17a and in the upper twenty-meter part 17b have dimensions: width - 6 m, height - 2 m, thickness - 15 cm, weighing 5400 kg.

The thickness of the outer layer 30 of the three-layer titanium panel in the area of the portion 17a is 80 mm, the thickness of the middle layer 28 is 40 mm, the inner 30 mm.

The thickness of the inner part 29 of the three-layer titanium panel in the area of the twenty-meter section 176 is 80 mm, the middle part is 40 mm, the inner part is 30 mm.

The length of the first cylindrical section is 1100 meters. Each following section is shorter by 50 cm. The 103rd cylindrical section, which remains in the concrete casing, is 1049 m. The thickness of the casing of the three-layer cylindrical section 17 for 1000 m will be 100 mm (layer thickness 30 mm, 40 mm, 30 mm ), weighing 3600 kg. There will be a gap of 50 mm between the cylindrical sections. over the kilometer section 17 between 17a and 17b. The air gap between the sections, during the extension of the sections (at a speed of 30 meters per second) will disappear to zero, thanks to the holes in the body of three-layer titanium panels located at a distance of 10 meters from the twenty-meter stop section 17b. With the help of this air gap and a 10-meter brake section, the sliding cylindrical sections will smoothly rise and lower. In the upper part of the retractable cylindrical sections there are gas turbines with sliding bearings No. 2 to No. 101, which perform the function of gas turbine engines rotating alternately in opposite directions. On each gas turbine 8 there are eight lifting blades 9, forming screws with hoops 10 in the amount of 101 pieces with a diameter of 450 to 480 m, stabilizing vertical lift with a fixed angle of attack, rotating up to 400 revolutions per minute. At the ends of the blades there are titanium stabilizing hoops (flywheels) No. 2 to No. 101, performing the function of giant flywheels rotating in different directions relative to the axis of rotation, providing a strictly vertical rise due to the use of gas pressure energy. In the cavity of the first cylindrical section is a device 2 having:

a) a vertical gas valve that controls the rise and lowering, as well as the time and force of the ejection of the lunar modules,

b) pulse correction valves located around the circumference, performing strictly vertical balancing of the top of the tower. Above the earth's surface on the rails 24 there is a movable dome 25 in the form of a steel quadrangular pyramid with a lifting device 22 and another Earth-Lunar module.

2) The Earth-Lunar module (Figure 3) is made in the form of a titanium cylindrical body 50 m in diameter with a cone-shaped peak 25 m high with a mass of 10,000 tons. Inside the module there are bulkheads 34 that divide the internal space into compartments (sections) of 5 floors. At the top of the module there is a lifting fork 38. On the fifth floor there are parachute containers 39, shunting engines with fuel tanks 36. On the fourth floor there are containers for water and liquefied gas 33, living quarters for crew and storage needs 32 for 30 people, a freight elevator 37 On the third floor there is processing equipment 31 for processing (helium 3) from the lunar soil, elevator shaft 35. On the second floor there are fuel tanks for shunting engines 43, a hydrogen electric power plant 46, which allows a powerful autonomous energy source, elevator shaft 35, hydraulic cylinders of the shock absorber of the elevator 49. On the first floor there are 4 walking supports 40, rotating 360 ° in different directions as necessary. For the supports there is a rotation mechanism of the walking supports 41. There is an axis of rotation of the walking supports by 120 ° horizontally, main engines 44, sections for accommodating lunar robots (moon tractors) 45.

At the bottom of the center there is a sliding cylinder for the shock absorber of the elevator 47, a sole with a sliding bearing for the shock absorber of the elevator 48. The ZLK’s work is based on achieving maximum energy saving in the complex during the industrial production of many technical works and is based on creating maximum comfort and conditions for the crew to continuously monitor, evaluate, adjust at all technological stages of the autonomous flight cycle.

The work of the crew (up to 30 people) is planned for six months of autonomous flight.

The action, the work of the ZLK is a comprehensive solution of previously impossible tasks in the development of outer space in industrial volume. ZLK combines different types of space devices into a single unit, which characterizes it as a universal technical device capable of performing dozens of different operations in the extreme conditions of outer space.

1) ZLK is a universal Earth-space elevator (ZKP), which has no analogues, capable of accomplishing previously impossible tasks of lifting hundreds of large-sized objects weighing up to 100,000 tons from the earth's surface into outer space in the shortest possible time with minimal cost.

This device has a number of positive design features that allow you to effectively complete the complex various tasks associated with the rise, while mastering outer space in extreme conditions. ZLK has gigantic dimensions commensurate with capabilities and is distinguished by constructive simplicity and reliable operation. The telescopic principle of extending 103 hollow titanium cylindrical sections filled with gas pressure up to 300 atmospheres to a height of up to 100 kilometers allows you to lift objects thousands of times more massive and larger in size. ZKP is intended not only for the development of the lunar program, it is a completely new level of development of the entire outer space.

2) ZLK containing simultaneously ten reusable Earth-Lunar modules (ZLM), capable of mastering the lunar surface in industrial volume, in particular, to extract valuable minerals, chemical elements necessary for use in controlled thermonuclear fusion (for example, enrichment on the Moon and delivery to Earth Not ₃ ).

The objective of this technical device is a comprehensive solution to previously impossible tasks related:

1. With a multiple increase in the mass and volume of the lifted payload from the Earth to Outer Space.

2. In the application of an energy-saving device for launching large aircraft into outer space.

3. The multiple use of lunar and interplanetary modules.

4. The economic feasibility of this direction in the development of the lunar program for the delivery to Earth of a valuable chemical element He ₃ .

ZLK in its design is a giant telescopic elevator with Earth-Lunar modules in the form of a multi-cylinder retractable tower, lifted vertically by gas pressure energy up to three hundred atmospheres. As fuel, liquefied natural gas and liquefied oxygen, which are burned in thirty high-pressure chambers, will be used; fresh water will be sprayed into vertical gas pipelines through nozzles to generate additional vapor pressure. The total mass of 102 cylindrical sections lifted per hundred kilometers with 101 lifting screws and stabilizing hoops. Earth-Lunar modules will amount to 8,000,000 tons. A smooth vertical rise at a speed of 30 meters per second of the first extendable cylindrical section with Earth-Lunar modules will begin at a gas pressure of 4 atmospheres. Then, as the gas pressure increases by 2.5 atmospheres, the next section will rise with the rotation of the lifting screws and stabilizing hoops alternately in different directions. The air gap between the sections, 5 cm wide, 1 km high, as the space moves, will slow down the ascent rate to 30 meters per second due to bypass holes, and 10 meters before the collision protrusions of the two sections collide, they will smoothly brake with compressed air. Controlled by gas pressure, the smooth rise of the cylindrical sections to a height of 100 km will be stabilized by rotating the screw flywheels every thousand meters and by the operation of pulse correction valves 2, which distribute reactive gas flows to keep the tower top in a strictly vertical position. The lifting force created by 170-meter blades in 101 giant screws will not be primary, but auxiliary for holding stabilizing hoops (flywheels) 10. Complete lifting of 102 retractable cylindrical sections 17 to a height of 100 km will occur in 1 hour, then a vertical gas valve will open when pressure of 300 atmospheres. In this case, ten Earth-Lunar modules weighing 100,000 tons, placed in the cavity of the first cylindrical section on the kilometer section, will pick up speed of 100 meters per second, and will be alternately thrown into outer space. Next, the marching engines of the Earth-Lunar modules will work at the exit, which will accelerate to the necessary speed along the desired path to overcome 400 thousand km to the orbit of the Moon. After the shooting of ten ZLM from the ZKP, the vertical gas valve 2 will close at a residual pressure of 250 atmospheres. Next, a controlled reverse process of vertical decline will begin at a speed of 30 meters per second for 1 hour. Pressure loss will occur through gas turbines 8. In the resulting air spaces of the cylindrical sections that alternately move, vacuum depression forms, which gradually fills with atmospheric air. Lifting screws with hoops rotating at a speed of 400 revolutions per minute in opposite directions in the process of returning to the starting place will stop from the friction force, touching the surfaces of the flywheels. Next, preventive work will be carried out during the month to prepare the rise of the next ten ZLM. Approximately 1 kg of cargo lifted to a height of 100 km, 30 kg of fuel will be spent.

Thirty pressure chambers 12 can be equipped with various equipment for using a variety of fuels. There can be many options for producing a large amount of gases for the required pressure in a closed loop from various fuels. From an economic and environmental point of view, the RFQ is a very attractive device. For example, the use of water vapor pressure, a hydrogen-oxygen mixture, compressed atmospheric air, and solid propellant charges is not ruled out. An atomic reactor can be used as a powerful source of energy storage for the entire lift. For example, there are underground cavities beneath the ZKP, where you can use the powerful compressors to pump the required amount of gas under a pressure of 500 atm.

A natural gas field 55 may be a long-term source of energy for land use.

Also, into the underground voids through a drilled well, it is possible, in turn, to dump and undermine old ammunition in need of disposal within a month. The construction of the land use zone is advisable in the southern desert latitudes, where there are underground cavities for creating a gas receiver, the proximity of the sea surface 56 is also necessary for the flooding of ZLM. Such a place in Russia may be the coast of the Caspian Sea.

Raised ZKP to a height (100 km) of ten ZLM weighing 10 thousand tons each with the help of marching liquid fuel engines will begin their independent flight to the lunar orbit. Landing on a preselected site of the lunar surface of ten ZLMs will be carried out using shunting engines 36, which will rotate the ZLM at the desired angle relative to the lunar surface when braking by marching engines 44. The soft, controlled landing of the ZLM on the lunar surface can be controlled by smooth movement in all necessary directions . Walking legs 40 from the starting position, when they were pushed into the recess of the titanium case, will be in the landing position (Fig. 3), also the shock absorber cylinder of the elevator 47 with the sole 48 will provide soft landing. ZLM, reaching the surface of the moon, out of 3 thousand tons of fuel at the time of launch will cost 500 tons. Another thousand tons will be spent on the work of all mechanisms during six months of stay on the moon. The remaining 1,500 tons of fuel is needed for return, 500 tons for approaching the Earth, and 1,000 tons for slow landing or flooding. After a successful landing of all modules, the crews will begin exploration of the lunar soil using robots and moon tractors. If movement of the modules on the surface is necessary, this will be done using four walking supports 40. Delivery, processing of lunar soil, extraction of enriched He ₃ will take place in sections 31 as follows: moon rovers (lunar trucks) filled with soil, using a freight elevator 37 will be raised in section 31.

After processing the soil, the lunar rover will take unnecessary rock to the dump, then the process will be repeated. The use of atomic power plants on the moon for a more powerful use of energy is not ruled out. ZLM can be used for flights to the moon repeatedly: about 1 time per year. At the same time deliver 1,500 tons of payload from the lunar surface to the Earth. For the crew to work in the amount of 30 people, the most comfortable living and working conditions will be created, since they will not be constrained by the module's living space.

The proposed ZLK device from an economic point of view is a self-supporting project that deserves attention. The profit that this device can bring is obvious. With the costs of further elaboration of the project in research and design institutes and directly for construction, the cost of the ZLK will amount to 250 billion rubles. ZLK is able to pay off in one year, the amount of work performed for the entire period of operation, approximately equal to thirty years, is equal to 30 million tons of payload, launched into outer space. The main advantage of the ZLK is the simplicity, reliability, versatility, efficiency and prestige of Russia. ZLK is a technical device, looking to the future, it represents a new promising direction in the development of technologies related to the development of outer space in industrial volume.

Claims (2)

1. The Earth-Lunar complex containing the Earth-space elevator and the Earth-Lunar module, and the Earth-space elevator is made in the form of 103 retractable cylindrical sections of titanium alloy having vertical lift stabilizing screws with hoops in the amount of 101 pieces with diameters from 450 to 480 meters mounted vertically in the ground to a depth of 1300 m in a reinforced concrete enclosure in which there are tanks filled with liquefied natural gas and oxygen with high-pressure chambers that feed into the lower part of the lifting cylinders yes Leniye gases and steam up to 300 atmospheres. 2. The Earth-Lunar complex containing the Earth-space elevator and the Earth-Lunar module, the Earth-Lunar module made in the form of a titanium case, has a cylindrical shape 50 m in diameter with a cone-shaped top 25 m, weighing 10,000 tons, divided by internal bulkheads into compartments with space for parachutes, shunting engines, living quarters, water and oxygen supplies, storage needs, processing equipment, fuel tanks, a hydrogen electric power plant, mid-flight engines, moon robots, cargo l FTA with lifting damping bar, four legs moving.

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