RU2344357C1 - Absorption/compression refrigeration unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to refrigeration engineering, in particular, to refrigeration units of cooling household systems incorporating high- and low-temperature chambers and high-speed leak tight compressors, as well as absorptive contours. Absorption/compression refrigeration unit contains an absorptive refrigeration contour with an oil cooler coil, absorber, liquid and gas heat exchangers, and condenser-evaporator. The absorption/compression refrigeration unit further contains a compression contour with a compressor, regeneration heat exchanger, in-built evaporators, shell-and-tube heat exchanger and capillary tube, the letter being connected after the regeneration heat exchanger to the absorptive contour evaporator, and generator with electroheater whereto water ammoniac solution is directed after being heated in the oil cooler coil. Outlet branch pipe of cylinder head cooling system is connected to the generator unit at the outlet.

EFFECT: increased cooling capability and power efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to refrigeration equipment, in particular to refrigeration units of domestic cold production systems that use high and low temperature chambers and high speed hermetic compressors, absorption circuits.

Known absorption and compression refrigeration unit, consisting of a compression refrigerant circuit, including a compressor, a suction pipe, a low temperature evaporator, a high temperature evaporator, a discharge pipe, a condenser, a capillary tube, a regenerative heat exchanger. An oil cooler coil is placed in the compressor, connected by means of tubes with a water-ammonia circuit containing an absorber tank, a weak solution tube, an absorber coil with a cooling jacket, an equalizing tube, and the capillary tube is connected after the regenerative heat exchanger to the absorber of the absorption circuit, and at the outlet from it, by the channel to the low-temperature evaporator of the compression circuit, a condenser, a gas heat exchanger, a steam exhaust pipe, a reflux condenser, pallets connected by pipes to pipes cooling the head, piping that is exposed to the atmosphere. An electromagnetic valve is installed in the melt water line, connected to a level sensor in the cooling jacket and connected via a pipeline to the tank. The condenser is connected to the internal pipe of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. A rectifier and an electric heater installed in the generator [1] are also installed in the absorption circuit.

The experiments conducted by the authors showed that the oil cooling system mainly affects the temperature level of the oil and the temperature of the winding, at the same time, the temperatures of the freon in the discharge cavity and the cylinder cover practically do not change (within the experimental error), which practically does not have much effect on cooling capacity and compressor efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to increase the flow rate of the aqueous ammonia solution and supply it to the cylinder head.

The purpose of the invention is to increase cooling capacity and energy efficiency.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the output pipe of the cylinder head cooling system at the output is connected to the generator assembly.

The drawing shows a diagram of an absorption and compression refrigeration unit. The proposed absorption and compression refrigeration unit consists of a compression refrigerant circuit, including a compressor 1, a suction pipe 2, a low temperature evaporator 3, a high temperature evaporator 4, a discharge pipe 5, a condenser 6, a capillary tube 7, a regenerative heat exchanger 8. In the compressor 1, an oil cooler coil 9 and the cooling head of the cylinder 10, connected via tubes 11, 12, 13 and 14 with a water-ammonia circuit containing an absorber reservoir 15, a weak solution tube 16, a coil 17 ab a sorber with a cooling jacket 18, an equalization tube 19, an evaporator 20, a condenser 21, a gas heat exchanger 22, a steam outlet 23, a reflux condenser 24, pallets 25 and 26, using tubes 27 and 28 connected to a cooling jacket 18, a steam outlet 23 in atmosphere. An electromagnetic valve 29 is installed in the melt water line, connected to a level sensor in the cooling jacket 18 and connected via a pipe 30 to a tank 31. A condenser 6 is connected to an internal pipe 31 of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33. A rectifier 34 and an electric heater 35 are also installed in the absorption circuit. generator 36.

The refrigeration unit operates as follows.

The compressor 1 through the suction pipe 2 and the regenerative heat exchanger 8 from the evaporators 3 and 4, the refrigerant vapor is sucked off and pumped through the discharge pipe 5 into the condenser 6, in which they are liquefied. From the condenser 6, the liquid refrigerant enters the inner pipe 32 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33. The oil bath and cylinder are cooled by heating the ammonia-water solution supplied from the absorber tank 15 through tubes 11 and 13 to the oil cooler coil 9 and cylinder cooler head 10. The heat of the oil bath and cylinder head is used to heat the ammonia-water solution. Hot water-ammonia solution is sent through tubes 12 and 14 to a generator 36 with an electric heater 35 and then to a reflux condenser 24. The concentration is increased in a rectifier 34, while the heating process is carried out by turning on an electric heater 35 installed in the generator 36.

A weak aqueous ammonia solution is supplied through a weak solution tube 16 to the absorber coil 17, and concentrated ammonia vapors through a reflux condenser 24 and a rectifier 34 enter a condenser 21, where the refrigerant vapors are liquefied. The resulting liquid is first supercooled in the gas heat exchanger 22, and then enters the upper part of the evaporator 20. Due to the throttling caused by the increase in the flow area in the evaporator 20, the liquid refrigerant boils at a negative temperature with the formation of ammonia vapor. Towards liquid ammonia, a mixture of hydrogen and a weak solution enters the evaporator 20 through the inner tube of the gas heat exchanger 22. The rich mixture leaving the evaporator 20 and the refrigerant moving from the regenerative heat exchanger 8 through the evaporator 20 by means of a capillary tube 7 connected to it at the outlet from it, connected to the channel of the low temperature evaporator 3 of the compression circuit connected to the high temperature evaporator 4. This allows to increase the degree of refrigerant subcooling on the way to the low-temperature evaporator 3 by 5-7% and, accordingly, to increase the cooling capacity and efficiency by an average of 6%. Thus, a weak water-ammonia solution and a strong vapor-gas mixture rich in ammonia fall into the absorber coil 17 towards each other. The strong aqueous ammonia solution formed during the absorption process flows into the absorber tank 15, and the vapor-gas mixture poor in ammonia is pushed back by the heavier gas mixture into the evaporator 20. When the ambient temperature rises, normal operation of the apparatus is ensured by equalizing tube 19 connecting the condenser 21 to the absorber tank 15.

An increase in the efficiency of the absorption process is achieved by cooling the absorber coil 17 with melt water supplied from pallets 25 and 26, which are connected via pipes 27, 28 and a control solenoid valve 29 to the cooling jacket 18 installed around the absorber coil 17. An electromagnetic valve 29 controls the flow of water to the cooling jacket 18, and its operation is controlled by a level sensor mounted on top of the cooling jacket 18. When filling the cooling jacket, the supply of melt water is carried out through the pipe 30 to the tank 31 installed on the casing of the compressor 1.

Literature

1. Absorption-compression refrigeration unit. Patent 2268446 RU, IPC F 25.

Claims (1)

An absorption-compression refrigeration unit containing an absorption refrigeration circuit with an oil cooler coil, an absorber, liquid and gas heat exchangers, a condenser, an evaporator, a compression circuit with a compressor, a regenerative heat exchanger, its own evaporators, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a capillary tube connected to the evaporator after the regenerative heat exchanger circuit , a generator with an electric heater, into which the aqueous ammonia solution is sent after heating in oil cooler coil, characterized in that the outlet pipe of the cylinder head cooling system is connected to the generator.