RU2342562C1 - Vacuum liquid ring pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motors and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mechanic engineering and may be used for development of vacuum liquid ring pumps. The pump contains chamber made of two separated similar sections in the shape of cups. The inner cup diameter is selected as equal to circle diameter describing lattice inlet. Chamber sections are rigidly and tightly fixed to the above lattice. Two sleeves are provided at the ends of chamber sections perpendicular to lattice plate. The lattice is fixed to cup-shaped flange and a wheel is located inside the flange with some shifting from flange axis. The wheel is fitted on the half axle and fixed by dowel and retaining ring. One end of bushing is linked with the body base, whereas the other end is coupled with the main pump flange along its central line. The half axle is located inside bushing and crosses highly heat-conducting washers with recesses. The sealing ring is freely positioned on half axle inside the above washer recesses. The lattice openings for supply and discharge are made by through channels.

EFFECT: simple design, increased time of operation, output and wide choice of materials to be used for pump production.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used to create vacuum liquid ring pumps for removing (pumping) gases, vapors and liquids, evaporation, vacuum saturation and other things.

Vacuum liquid ring pumps are known that are produced by various foreign companies and domestic factories and do not have fundamental structural differences between each other (MEX Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps, brochure of the manufacturer Finder Rocher, Italy, 2007 and the catalog "Vacuum, Gear, Screw, Piston Pumps" , Leningrad, 1977).

These pumps contain a two-section separation chamber with horizontal sections, a chamber in the form of a bowl with a vertical partition. Two hollow elements with threaded or flanged ends are tightly connected to the bowl sections, through which the pumped medium is supplied to the pump and displaced into the atmosphere. The camera sections are overlapped by a disk-shaped grill. On different sides of the vertical line of the grate, in it opposite the corresponding sections of the chamber, sickle-shaped holes of various sizes are made for supplying and discharging a gas-vapor mixture. In turn, the lattice is adjacent to the housing, the inner cavity of which is made in the form of a cylindrical bowl. Inside the case with an upward offset by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the axis of the case, an impeller made in one piece with the hollow axis is placed. The axle shaft is passed through a sealing assembly located in the housing and mounted on the shaft of the drive motor.

A flange is rigidly connected to the housing base, which is bolted to the flange of the drive motor. In this case, the hollow elements connected to the corresponding sections of the chamber are diverted vertically upward from the corresponding sections. A nipple passed through the chamber and the grill is connected to the body cavity. Water is supplied through a nipple to the inside of the housing.

The closest to the proposal on the technical nature and the tasks to be solved is a BBH type pump (Catalog "Vacuum, gear, screw, piston pumps", Leningrad, 1977). This pump contains a two-section separation chamber with horizontal arrangement of sections of the chamber in the form of a bowl with a vertical partition. Two hollow elements with threaded or flanged ends are tightly connected to the bowl sections, through which the pumped medium is supplied to the pump and displaced into the atmosphere. The camera sections are overlapped by a disk-shaped grill. Sickle-shaped holes of various sizes for supplying and discharging a gas-vapor mixture are made from opposite sides of the vertical line of the grating in it opposite the corresponding chamber sections. In turn, the lattice is adjacent to the housing, the inner cavity of which is made in the form of a cylindrical bowl. Inside the case with an upward offset by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the axis of the case, an impeller made in one piece with the hollow axis is placed. The axle shaft is passed through a sealing assembly located in the housing and mounted on the shaft of the drive motor.

A flange is rigidly connected to the housing base, which is bolted to the flange of the drive motor. In this case, the hollow elements connected to the corresponding sections of the chamber are diverted vertically upward from the corresponding sections. A nipple passed through the chamber and the grill is connected to the body cavity. Water is supplied through a nipple to the inside of the housing.

The disadvantages of this pump are:

- a relatively complex design, due to the design of the chamber, the connection with it of the supply and exhaust hollow elements;

- complex manufacturing technology, due to the need for casting the chamber and the impeller with subsequent processing;

- expensive manufacturing technology due to the large number of operations and the use of non-ferrous metals for casting the impeller;

- relatively high weight and size indicators due to the need to cast the corresponding nodes with increased dimensions to exclude caverns and impart appropriate strength to the loaded pump nodes;

- limited range of materials used for manufacturing without the corresponding complications of the main pump components;

- low turnaround time due to rapid wear of the housing, the impeller, the seal assembly and the grill with sickle-shaped openings; in the latter - due to wear of the edges of the sickle-shaped holes due to cavitation processes;

- relatively low productivity due to the bulkiness of the impeller.

The technical result of the proposed device is to simplify and cheapen the design and manufacturing technology of the pump, increase the overhaul life, expand the range of materials used for the manufacture of the pump materials, increase productivity.

The technical result is achieved in that in a vacuum liquid-ring pump containing a two-section separation chamber with horizontal sections, the hollow elements for the removal and supply of the suction gas-vapor mixture are tightly connected to the sections, a disk-shaped grate with holes for the supply and removal of the gas-vapor mixture made with different sides of the vertical axis of the grate, a nipple for supplying fluid, a housing with a cylindrical bowl-shaped cavity, placed inside the housing and eccentrically connected to it displacement vertically upward of the impeller, mounted with the help of a half shaft on the shaft of the drive motor, connected to the base of the housing, the main flange, bolted to the flange of the drive motor, a sealing assembly located between the pump housing and the shaft of the impeller, characterized in that the pump is provided with a sleeve, two washers with a recess, a sealing ring, a pin, while the holes in the grate are formed by cylindrical channels with different diameters, made perpendicular to the grating disk inside a geometric figure described by a circle line of the inner sides of the impeller blades placed eccentrically relative to the axis of the lattice disk, and a circle line with a radius equal to the sum of the radius of the circumference of the inner sides of the impeller blades and eccentricity and drawn from the center of the lattice disk, while the lower boundary of the centers of the channels of the holes for the supply of the vapor-gas mixture is placed below the horizontal axis of the lattice disk by the amount of eccentricity, and the lower boundary of the centers of the channels of the hole for the removal of steam and gas minutes the mixture is placed above the horizontal axis of the disk to the magnitude of the radius, wherein the greatest diameter of the channels are arranged at the lower boundary of said area of magnitude the largest radii r _{to the} channel selected in the range r _to <1 / 5L, where L - distance between describing openings for the inlet and removal of the gas-vapor mixture in the lattice by circles along the horizontal axis of the lattice disk, the channels are displaced to each other by a distance not less than the radius of the channel with a smaller diameter, while the upper boundaries of the holes are located at a distance from the vertical axis of the plane of the lattice disk by a distance of not less than 3/4 of the linear dimension S between the outer generators of the nearest impeller blades, the vertical chamber cavity size being chosen equal to the diameter describing the hole for supplying the vapor-gas mixture in the circle grate, while the chamber is rigidly and hermetically connected to the grate so that opposite one of its sections there is an opening in the grate for supplying the vapor-gas mixture, and opposite its other section there is an opening in the grating for withdrawing the vapor-gas mixture, and the elements for supplying and discharging the gas-vapor mixture are made in the form of nozzles and connected to the corresponding chamber sections perpendicular to the plane of the disk-shaped lattice, the cylindrical cup-shaped housing is equipped with a flange rigidly and hermetically connected to the housing in the plane of its open end, one end of the sleeve is connected to the base of the housing perpendicular to the base and with an offset eccentric up, and the other end of the sleeve is connected rigidly to the main flange of the housing in the center of the flange, while the seal assembly is made in the form of shafts with recesses directed by recesses to each other, inside of which there is a sealing ring, on the outer generatrix of which a hole is made perpendicular to its plane, a length not exceeding half the thickness of the ring, while the washers are made of highly heat-conducting material and placed inside the sleeve, the washer closest to the pump housing the outer diameter is rigidly and hermetically connected to the sleeve, a pin is installed in this washer at its outer generatrix, the free end freely entering the bore of the sealing ring a, the ring is made of elastic antifriction material, the diameter of the o-ring being chosen smaller than the diameter of the washers of the washers, an elastic sealant is placed between the ring and the surfaces of the washers of the washers, the impeller being made of separate wheels and half shafts, the wheel is fixed to the half shafts with the help of a key and a retaining ring that prevent wheel displacement, axial and axial relative to the half-axis, the semi-axis on the sliding seat is installed inside the sealing ring, while in the sleeve after the washers with undercut it is installed the gland, and the inner diameters of the washers are made larger than the outer diameter of the semiaxis part mounted on the drive motor shaft by an amount not less than the expected technological value of the displacement of the axes of the drive motor shaft and the sleeve.

The device of the vacuum liquid ring pump is also characterized in that the separation chamber is made of two separate hollow sections, made in the form of two glasses, the inner diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the circle describing the inlet opening of the grate.

Figure 1-5 shows the design of the proposed pump and the features of its design. Figure 1 shows the cross section of the pump, figure 2 shows an isometric view of the front of the pump, figure 3 shows a front view of the grill indicating the location of the corresponding figures and lines characterizing the design features of the corresponding parts of the pump, figure 4 shows a front view of the impeller explaining the selection of the respective aspect ratios, in Fig. 5 a section A-A in Fig. 4.

The pump (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) contains a two-section chamber with a horizontal arrangement of the sections 1. Two identical pipes 2 are sealed to each section perpendicular to its base and parallel to the O-O axis, which serve to supply and discharge the pumped medium. The chamber 1 is rigidly and hermetically connected to the grate 3. Below the chamber 1 and to the left of the vertical axis of the grate (see Fig. 3, hole H), a nipple 4 is screwed into the grate 3. A hole P is made below the nipple 4 and along the vertical axis of the grate in the grate 3 (see figure 3), in which is screwed the plug 5 to drain the liquid. The lattice 3 using bolts is connected hermetically to the flange of the cylindrical bowl-shaped body 6.

Inside the housing 6 there is a wheel 7 with blades, mounted on the axle shaft 8 using a retaining ring 9.

A blind hole is made in the right end of the semi-axis 8, in which a T-shaped sleeve 10 is placed, on the left side of which a hole is made in which the spring 11 is placed.

A sleeve 13 is rigidly and hermetically connected to the base 12 of the cup-shaped housing 6 with an offset upward from the axis of the housing by an eccentricity of 8 (see FIG. 3). The second end of the sleeve 13 is rigidly mounted in the flange 14 along its axis of symmetry.

Inside the sleeve 13, close to the base 12 of the housing 6, a washer 15 is installed, in the outer side of which a recess is made.

A blind hole is made perpendicular to the plane of the washer 15 at the top of the undercut, in which the pin 16 is fixed. Inside the undercut of the washer 15, a ring 17 is freely placed, made in thickness, greater than the depth of the undercut in the washer 15.

The outer side of the ring 17 (the left side in the drawing) is located in the undercut of the second washer 18. A seal 19 is tightly inserted to the washer 18, pressed by a cover 20 screwed to the flange 14 from the outside.

The inner holes of the washers 15, 18 and the cover 20 are made large landing diameter of the axle shaft 8 (in Fig.1 its left end). In this case, the ring 17 is seated on the left end of the axle shaft 8 on a sliding fit, and an elastic sealant (not shown) is placed in the gap between the undercut of the washer 15 and the ring 17.

The left end of the axle shaft 8 is mounted on the shaft 21 of the drive motor (engine not shown) and attached to the shaft 21 with a screw 22.

Figure 2 shows that the sections of the chamber 1 are made in the form of glasses, the hollow ends of which are rigidly and hermetically connected to the grill (along the thick dashed ring lines shown in figure 3).

Perpendicular to the grating 3 (see FIG. 3), there are made through channels 23 (channels K1, K2, K3) inside the geometric figure described by a circle line of the inner sides of the impeller blades of radius r (see FIG. 4), a circle line with a radius R equal to the sum of the radius r of the circumference of the internal impeller blades and the eccentricity ε drawn from the center of the lattice disk. In this case, the horizontal line “b” (for the hole for supplying the vapor-gas mixture) of the channel centers is located below the axis of the grating disk 3 by the amount of eccentricity ε, and the line “c” of the center of the channels of the hole for removing the gas-vapor mixture is placed above the horizontal axis of the disk of the grating 3 by equal to half the diameter of the holes of the lower channels. Moreover (see Fig. 3), the sizes of the largest sizes of the radii of the channels 23 are selected within r _to <1 / 5L, where L is (see Fig. 3) the distance between the circles describing the holes for supplying and discharging the gas mixture in the grating along the horizontal axis of the lattice disk. Moreover, the channels inside these holes are offset to each other by a distance not less than the radius of the channel with a smaller diameter. Moreover, the upper boundaries of the channel openings (see Fig. 3) are made at a distance from the vertical axis of the plane of the lattice disk at a distance not less than 3/4 of the distance S (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) between the outer generators of the nearest impeller blades. Moreover, the vertical size of the cavities of the sections of the chamber 1 is chosen equal to the diameter of the circle describing the hole for supplying the vapor-gas mixture (in figure 3, the circles are shown in bold dashed lines).

Features of the manufacture of the pump and its components

As a material for the manufacture of the pump, any corrosion-resistant and abrasion-resistant materials (for example, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant steels, ceramics, heat-resistant plastics) can be used.

Ring 17 is made of any elastic (elastic) and wear-resistant materials from sliding friction (for example, from graphitized materials).

Washers 15 and 18 are made of highly heat-conducting material (for example, copper-containing alloys, duralumin, babbit).

Operating principle

Through the nipple 4, a liquid is fed into the inside of the pump casing, which allows sorption of the corresponding components of the suction medium. When the impeller rotates, the latter carries the liquid to the full filling of the volume between its blades that are in the upper part. As a result, a rotating fluid ring forms inside the pump housing. At the same time, the volume increases from the side of the runaway impeller blades from the upper point to the lower, which leads to rarefaction and subsequent suction of the aspirated vapor-gas medium inside the pump. On the contrary, from the side of the blades running on the upper part of the pump, the volume from the lower point of the pump to the upper decreases from maximum to minimum. As a result, the suction medium is ejected through the discharge pipe.

The presence of a T-shaped sleeve 10 made of a material with a low coefficient of friction and a spring 11 makes it possible to exclude the message of the suction and suction cavities of the pump.

The advantages of the proposed device:

- the simple geometry of the pump components allows you to use any of the materials mentioned above for their manufacture;

- reducing the volume of finishing work reduces the cost of the pump;

- making holes in the lattice for supplying and discharging the gas mixture by manufacturing channels perpendicular to its plane and at a distance from each other inside the corresponding geometric figures allows to increase the mechanical strength of the lattice and thereby reduce its thickness. At the same time, the presence of multiple channels reduces the amount of cavitation wear on the boundaries of the suction port, which extends the overhaul life of the pump;

- the manufacture of a sealing ring from an elastic material, its free placement inside the washers of the washers and on a sliding fit on the impeller axle, can significantly extend the overhaul life of the pump by increasing the abrasion resistance of the inner surface of the ring, which is practically not subject to wear;

- the manufacture of additional washers from highly heat-conducting material allows heat to be removed from the friction zone of the sealing ring and the impeller half-axis - this helps to increase the thermal stability of the ring, and, therefore, leads to an increase in its service life, i.e. increases the overhaul life of the pump;

- the manufacture of the impeller from two parts (wheels and half shafts) can reduce the cost of expensive non-ferrous materials (metals);

- manufacture of the impeller wheel separately from the axle shaft allows replacing non-ferrous cast metals for its manufacture with stainless steels having high strength characteristics. This allows you to reduce the thickness of the impeller blades, and hence increase the inter-blade volume. In accordance with this, the pump productivity also increases;

- as a whole, the design of the pump and the chamber from two separate symmetric sections allows to reduce the weight and dimensions of the pump in relation to a pump of similar performance.

Claims (2)

1. A vacuum liquid-ring pump containing a two-section separation chamber with horizontal sections, a chamber, with sections of which are hollow elements for the removal and supply of the suction gas-vapor mixture, a disk-shaped grill with holes for the supply and removal of the gas-vapor mixture, made from different sides from the vertical axis lattices, a nipple for supplying liquid, a casing with a cylindrical cup-shaped cavity, placed inside the casing and eccentrically displaced vertically upward by the impeller, us female with the help of a half-axis on the drive motor shaft, connected to the base of the housing, the main flange, bolted to the drive motor flange, a sealing assembly located between the pump housing and the impeller half-shaft, characterized in that the pump is equipped with a sleeve, two washers with a recess, a sealing ring, a pin, while the holes in the lattice are formed by cylindrical channels with different diameters, made perpendicular to the disk of the lattice inside the geometric figure described by the circumference of the inner sides of the impeller blades placed eccentrically relative to the axis of the grating disk, and the circle line with a radius equal to the sum of the radius of the circumference of the inner sides of the impeller blades and eccentricity and drawn from the center of the grating disk, while the lower boundary of the centers of the channels of the openings for supplying the vapor-gas mixture is located below the horizontal axis of the lattice disk by the amount of eccentricity, and the lower boundary of the centers of the channels of the holes for the removal of the vapor-gas mixture is placed above the horizontal axis d ska on the magnitude of the radius, wherein the channels are arranged with the largest diameter at the lower boundary of said area, the largest values of radii r _{to the} channel selected within r _to ≤1 / 5L, where L is the distance between the circumscribing the holes for supplying and discharging the gas-vapor mixture in the grate along the horizontal axis of the grating disc, the channels are displaced to each other by a distance not less than the radius of the channel with a smaller diameter, while the upper boundaries of the holes are located at a distance from the vertical the axis of the plane of the lattice disk by a distance of not less than 3/4 of the linear dimension S between the outer generators of the nearest impeller blades, and the vertical size of the chamber cavities is chosen equal to the diameter a hole for supplying a gas-vapor mixture in a circle grate, while the chamber is rigidly and hermetically connected to the grate so that opposite one of its sections there is an opening in the grating for supplying a gas-vapor mixture, and opposite to its other section there is an opening in the grating for removing the gas-vapor mixture, moreover, the hollow elements for supplying and discharging the vapor-gas mixture are made in the form of nozzles and are connected to the corresponding chamber sections perpendicular to the plane of the disk-shaped lattice, the cylindrical cup-shaped body is equipped with a a core rigidly and hermetically connected to the housing in the plane of its open end, one end of the sleeve is connected to the base of the housing perpendicular to the base and offset eccentrically upwards, and the other end of the sleeve is rigidly connected to the main flange of the housing in the center of the flange, wherein the seal assembly is made in the form washers with recesses directed by recesses to each other, inside of which there is a sealing ring, on the outer generatrix of which a hole is made perpendicular to its plane with a length not exceeding half the thickness rings, while the washers are made of highly thermally conductive material and placed inside the sleeve, the outer washer that is closest to the pump housing is rigidly and hermetically connected to the sleeve, a pin is installed in this washer at its outer forming, the free end freely entering the hole of the o-ring, the ring made of elastic antifriction material, the diameter of the sealing ring being chosen smaller than the diameter of the washers of the washers, an elastic sealant is placed between the ring and the surfaces of the washes of the washers, moreover, The glove is made of separate wheels and half shafts, the wheel is fixed on the half shafts with the help of a dowel and a retaining ring, which prevents the wheel from turning axially and half-axis relative to the half shafts, the half shaft is mounted on the sliding seat inside the sealing ring, and the gland is installed in the sleeve after the washers with undercut, and the inner the diameters of the washers are made large of the outer diameter of the semiaxis part mounted on the drive motor shaft by an amount not less than the expected technological value of the displacement of the axis of the drive motor shaft and bushings. 2. The vacuum liquid ring pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation chamber is made of two separate hollow sections made in the form of two glasses, the inner diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the circle grating describing the suction hole.

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