RU2342486C1 - Hydro electric power station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of hydro electric power stations in areas with intensive water flow. Hydro electric station contains open distribution device, synchronous horizontal capsular hydro - turbinal generators placed into the intensive water flow, platform - foundation, vertical guiding - stands, pulling - and - running mechanism and process platform. Synchronous generators are joined , at least, into two vertical areal favus - capsular systems and are hung - up in pairs and moving over and/or under the water surface by means of pulling - and - running - mechanism towards the guiding stands. Lower ends of the guiding stands are fixed on the platform - foundation arranged on the bottom of the intensive water flow. Areal favus - capsular systems of synchronous generators are set moving in the guiding stands connected with the bottom by anchor - cable braces. Open distribution device is set on the guiding stands above the water surface. Such a construction of hydro electric power station decreases labor intensity of its building - up, of its maintenance and repair, and ensures continuous and steady regimen of its operation.

EFFECT: decreased labor intensity of construction, maintenance and repair works, providing continuous and steady operation of hydro electric power station.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydroelectric power plants (HPPs), converting the mechanical energy of a water stream into electrical energy through hydraulic turbines, which rotate synchronous electric generators.

A known hydroelectric power station that converts the mechanical energy of a stream of water accumulated by a dam installed across a river. The energy of this accumulated water under the pressure determined by the level of the dam is directed to the turbines, the rotating shafts of the synchronous hydrogenerators, which give the necessary voltage at their output. Such a hydroelectric power station requires large-scale excavation and construction work [Hydroelectric stations. Ed. Gubina F.F. M .: Energy, 1980].

The disadvantage of such a hydroelectric power station is the large amount of construction and excavation work and the inability to pass water transport in both directions, and the resulting reservoir occupies a large area with a large coastline that requires expensive maintenance and service.

Also known is a tidal hydroelectric power station (PES) [Hydroelectric power plants (hydroelectric power stations, pumping stations and pumped storage power plants). Ed. Shchaveleva D.S. Leningrad, Energoatomizdat, 1981. P.40-41], which converts the energy of the tides into electric energy. Operating PES (1985) - in the estuary of the Rance river in France and in the acidic lip on the Barents Sea in the Russian Federation.

The PES contains an open switchgear, a shipping lock, a PES building with synchronous capsular hydroturbine generators, an earthen dam, a separate abutment on the remaining part of the reef, a spillway dam.

The construction of all these parts is very time-consuming, and the work of the TEC due to the periodicity of the tides is intermittent, the capacities of such TEC are small.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the construction of hydroelectric power plants, ensuring the continuity of its work and an unlimited increase in electrical power.

This task is achieved by the fact that in the hydroelectric power station containing an open switchgear, synchronous horizontal capsule hydraulic turbine generators placed in an intense stream of water, a base platform, vertical racks-guides, a hoisting mechanism and an open switchgear are introduced, and these synchronous generators are combined at least at least two vertical areal honeycomb-capsule systems and are suspended in pairs and movably using the hoisting mechanism to the rack m-rails above and below the water surface, the lower ends of these racks are mounted on the base platform at the bottom of the intense water stream, areal honeycomb-capsule systems of synchronous generators are mounted movably in the rails connected to the bottom by anchor-cable mounts, above the water surface on guides installed open switchgear. Such hydropower plants can be installed arbitrarily many in length, width, depth, which can be combined into a powerful energy system.

The drawing shows a cross section of the proposed hydroelectric power station.

The hydroelectric power station contains at least two areal systems of 1, 2 capsular hydrogenerators installed on top of each other or next to each other in series and (or) parallel (horizontally and vertically) [see, for example, GOST 5.219-72. Generator synchronous horizontal capsular hydroturbine type SGK-538 / 160-70]. These capsule systems of hydrogenerators with flexible cables or chains 3, 4 are driven by a hoisting mechanism 5, mounted on top of the main support 6, driven with its lower end through the base 7 at the site of installation of a hydroelectric power station with intense water flow. Capsular hydrogenerator systems are mounted movably between the main support 6 and auxiliary supports 8, 9. The main and auxiliary supports are equipped with rods 10 with anchor fastenings 11 to the bottom of the reservoir on both sides of the hydroelectric power station. Above the water surface at the required height to the supports 6, 8, 9, a technological platform 12 is fixed with the necessary technological equipment of an open switchgear 13 for the normal operation and maintenance of the hydroelectric power station.

Hydroelectric power operates as follows.

The installation site of a hydroelectric power station with an intense water flow is selected. It can be a river, ocean or sea current. So, for example, the Gulf Stream ocean current has a runoff of more than 20 water discharges from all the rivers of the globe, the flow rate of water flows up to 6-10 km / h, which is quite enough for the normal operation of capsular hydrogenerators, which makes it possible to create such hydropower plants of almost unlimited power.

In the selected construction site, the base 7 is first installed, the support-pile 6 is driven into the bottom, the guide-supports 8, 9 are mounted, then the fastening to the bottom is carried out using cable rods with anchors 10, 11 of the supporting piles 6, 8, 9, under construction technological platform 12, a hoisting mechanism 5 is installed with cable chains 3, 4, on which capsule generators from rows 1 and 2 are successively fixed. The necessary technological equipment of an open switchgear 13 is installed. white or aerial power lines. The electrical circuit of the hydrogenerators is assembled and they are alternately started when the hydrogenerators 2 are immersed to the required depth. At the same time, synchronous generators 1 with a hoisting mechanism 5 rise to the day surface above the water level and the necessary periodic repair operations and cleaning work are performed. The latter is very important when installing hydropower plants in warm ocean waters.

This embodiment of a hydroelectric power plant is characterized by minimal labor intensity due to the lack of earthwork during the construction of dams, and the power of a hydroelectric power station due to the inclusion of an unlimited number of hydrogenerators can be arbitrarily large, forming areal cellular-modular systems during the construction of a number of such hydroelectric power plants in depth, length and ( or) in several rows and at the same time a continuous (uniform) mode of their operation is ensured.

With dimensions, for example, of a capsular hydrogenerator (diameter - 6.1 m, length - 15 m, weight 166 t, power - 19.9 MVA), it is possible to create a capsule system of 10 × 10 = 100 generators with dimensions of 100 × 100 m with a capacity of 2, 0 GW, which is comparable to the most powerful hydroelectric power plants of the Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station - 6 GW, Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station - 6.5 GW). The construction of such proposed hydroelectric structures is many times cheaper and many times less labor-intensive than the construction of traditional dam hydroelectric power plants on rivers. Construction time will also be minimal, in no way comparable to the years of construction of traditional dam stations. According to recent data, the construction of a dam across the Yangtze River (PRC) cost $ 25 billion. For such an amount, it is possible to build more than a dozen proposed, in the case of construction on ocean currents, ocean hydroelectric power stations (OGES).

Two sets of cassette hydrogenerators 1, 2 are necessary for their periodic maintenance, repair and periodic cleaning, especially when installed in warm oceans.

The construction of hydroelectric power stations according to the proposed design scheme does not require the construction of pools, dams, buildings of hydroelectric power stations and does not practically require any excavation work, which additionally reduces the time of their construction and requires minimal labor input during construction.

Claims (1)

A hydroelectric power station comprising an open switchgear, synchronous horizontal capsular hydroturbine generators placed in an intense water stream, characterized in that a base platform, vertical support rails, a hoisting mechanism and a technological platform are introduced into the hydroelectric power station, and these synchronous generators are combined, at least , in two vertical areal honeycomb-capsule systems and are suspended in pairs and movably above and / or below the water surface using the shutter of the lifting mechanism to the guide rails, the lower ends of these guide racks are mounted on a base platform installed at the bottom of the intense water flow, areal honeycomb-capsule systems of synchronous generators are mounted movably in the rails connected to the bottom by anchor-cable mounts, and above the water surface On the rails an open switchgear is installed.